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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mohammad Ali, Stephanie Longet, Isabel Neale, Patpong Rongkard, Forhad Uddin Hassan Chowdhury, Jennifer Hill, Anthony Brown, Stephen Laidlaw, Tom Tipton, Ashraful Hoque, Nazia Hassan, Carl-Philipp Hackstein, Sandra Adele, Hossain Delowar Akther, Priyanka Abraham, Shrebash Paul, Md Matiur Rahman, Md Masum Alam, Shamima Parvin, Forhadul Hoque Mollah, Md Mozammel Hoque, Shona C Moore, Subrata K Biswas, Lance Turtle, Thushan I de Silva, Ane Ogbe, John Frater, Eleanor Barnes, Adriana Tomic, Miles W Carroll, Paul Klenerman, Barbara Kronsteiner, Fazle Rabbi Chowdhury, Susanna J Dunachie
Obesity and type 2 diabetes (DM) are risk factors for severe COVID-19 outcomes, which disproportionately affect South Asian populations. This study aims to investigate the humoral and cellular immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 in adult COVID-19 survivors with obesity and DM in Bangladesh. In this cross-sectional study, SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody and T cell responses were investigated in 63 healthy and 75 PCR-confirmed COVID-19 recovered individuals in Bangladesh, during the pre-vaccination first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020...
April 20, 2024: Clinical and Experimental Immunology
#2
EDITORIAL
Richard W Titball, David I Bernstein, Nicolas V J Fanget, Roy A Hall, Stephanie Longet, Paul A MacAry, Richard E Rupp, Marit van Gils, Veronika von Messling, David H Walker, Alan D T Barrett
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
April 1, 2024: NPJ Vaccines
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Oliver L Sampson, Cecilia Jay, Emily Adland, Anna Csala, Nicholas Lim, Stella M Ebbrecht, Lorna C Gilligan, Angela E Taylor, Sherley Sherafin George, Stephanie Longet, Lucy C Jones, Ellie Barnes, John Frater, Paul Klenerman, Susie Dunachie, Miles Carrol, James Hawley, Wiebke Arlt, Andreas Groll, Philip Goulder
mRNA vaccine technologies introduced following the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic have highlighted the need to better understand the interaction of adjuvants and the early innate immune response. Type I interferon (IFN-I) is an integral part of this early innate response that primes several components of the adaptive immune response. Women are widely reported to respond better than men to tri- and quadrivalent influenza vaccines. Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) are the primary cell type responsible for IFN-I production, and female pDCs produce more IFN-I than male pDCs since the upstream pattern recognition receptor Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) is encoded by X chromosome and is biallelically expressed by up to 30% of female immune cells...
2024: Frontiers in Immunology
#4
REVIEW
Divya Sinha, Melyssa Yaugel-Novoa, Louis Waeckel, Stéphane Paul, Stéphanie Longet
Mucosal immunity has regained its spotlight amidst the ongoing Coronavirus Disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic, with numerous studies highlighting the crucial role of mucosal secretory IgA (SIgA) in protection against SARS-CoV-2 infections. The observed limitations in the efficacy of currently authorized COVID-19 vaccines in inducing effective mucosal immune responses remind us of the limitations of systemic vaccination in promoting protective mucosal immunity. This resurgence of interest has motivated the development of vaccine platforms capable of enhancing mucosal responses, specifically the SIgA response, and the development of IgA-based therapeutics...
February 6, 2024: Antiviral Research
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Helen Ratcliffe, Karen S Tiley, Stephanie Longet, Claire Tonry, Cathal Roarty, Chris Watson, Gayatri Amirthalingam, Iason Vichos, Ella Morey, Naomi L Douglas, Spyridoula Marinou, Emma Plested, Parvinder K Aley, Eva Galiza, Saul N Faust, Stephen Hughes, Clare Murray, Marion R Roderick, Fiona Shackley, Sam Oddie, Tim W R Lee, David P J Turner, Mala Raman, Stephen Owens, Paul J Turner, Helen Cockerill, Jamie Lopez Bernal, Samreen Ijaz, John Poh, Justin Shute, Ezra Linley, Ray Borrow, Katja Hoschler, Kevin E Brown, Miles W Carroll, Paul Klenerman, Susanna J Dunachie, Mary Ramsay, Merryn Voysey, Thomas Waterfield, Matthew D Snape
SARS-CoV-2 infections in children are generally asymptomatic or mild and rarely progress to severe disease and hospitalization. Why this is so remains unclear. Here we explore the potential for protection due to pre-existing cross-reactive seasonal coronavirus antibodies and compare the rate of antibody decline for nucleocapsid and spike protein in serum and oral fluid against SARS-CoV-2 within the pediatric population. No differences in seasonal coronaviruses antibody concentrations were found at baseline between cases and controls, suggesting no protective effect from pre-existing immunity against seasonal coronaviruses...
December 15, 2023: IScience
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Beatriz Miguelena Chamorro, Sodiq Ayobami Hameed, Marianne Dechelette, Jean-Baptiste Claude, Lauriane Piney, Ludivine Chapat, Gokul Swaminathan, Hervé Poulet, Stéphanie Longet, Karelle De Luca, Egbert Mundt, Stéphane Paul
The oral route is effective and convenient for vaccine administration to stimulate a protective immune response. GALT plays a crucial role in mucosal immune responses, with Peyer's patches (PPs) serving as the primary site of induction. A comprehensive understanding of the structures and functions of these structures is crucial for enhancing vaccination strategies and comprehending disease mechanisms; nonetheless, our current knowledge of these structures in dogs remains incomplete. We performed immunofluorescence and flow cytometry studies on canine PPs to identify cell populations and structures...
November 1, 2023: ImmunoHorizons
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Cecilia Jay, Emily Adland, Anna Csala, Nicholas Lim, Stephanie Longet, Ane Ogbe, Jeremy Ratcliff, Oliver Sampson, Craig P Thompson, Lance Turtle, Eleanor Barnes, Susanna Dunachie, Paul Klenerman, Miles Carroll, Philip Goulder
INTRODUCTION: The key to understanding the COVID-19 correlates of protection is assessing vaccine-induced immunity in different demographic groups. Young people are at a lower risk of COVID-19 mortality, females are at a lower risk than males, and females often generate stronger immune responses to vaccination. METHODS: We studied immune responses to two doses of BNT162b2 Pfizer COVID-19 vaccine in an adolescent cohort (n = 34, ages 12-16), an age group previously shown to elicit significantly greater immune responses to the same vaccine than young adults...
2023: Frontiers in Immunology
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sam M Murray, Elisa Pose, Melanie Wittner, Maria-Carlota Londoño, Golda Schaub, Jonathan Cook, Stavros Dimitriadis, Georgina Meacham, Sophie Irwin, Zixiang Lim, Paul Duengelhoef, Martina Sterneck, Ansgar W Lohse, Valeria Perez, Palak Trivedi, Khush Bhandal, Benjamin H Mullish, Pinelopi Manousou, Nicholas M Provine, Emma Avitabile, Miles Carroll, Tom Tipton, Saoirse Healy, Patrizia Burra, Paul Klenerman, Susanna Dunachie, Barbara Kronsteiner, Agnieszka Katarzyna Maciola, Giulia Pasqual, Virginia Hernandez-Gea, Juan Carlos Garcia-Pagan, Pietro Lampertico, Massimo Iavarone, Pere Gines, Marc Lütgehetmann, Julian Schulze Zur Wiesch, Francesco Paolo Russo, Eleanor Barnes, Thomas Marjot
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Comparative assessments of immunogenicity following different COVID-19 vaccines in patients with distinct liver diseases are lacking. SARS-CoV-2-specific T-cell and antibody responses were evaluated longitudinally after one to three vaccine doses, with long-term follow-up for COVID-19-related clinical outcomes. METHODS: A total of 849 participants (355 with cirrhosis, 74 with autoimmune hepatitis [AIH], 36 with vascular liver disease [VLD], 257 liver transplant recipients [LTRs] and 127 healthy controls [HCs]) were recruited from four countries...
January 2024: Journal of Hepatology
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Stephanie Longet, Stephane Paul
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
2023: Frontiers in Immunology
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Cecilia Jay, Emily Adland, Anna Csala, Christina Dold, Matthew Edmans, Carl-Philipp Hackstein, Anni Jamsen, Nicholas Lim, Stephanie Longet, Ane Ogbe, Oliver Sampson, Donal Skelly, Owen B Spiller, Lizzie Stafford, Craig P Thompson, Lance Turtle, Ellie Barnes, Susanna Dunachie, Miles Carroll, Paul Klenerman, Chris Conlon, Philip Goulder, Lucy C Jones
INTRODUCTION: Family studies of antiviral immunity provide an opportunity to assess virus-specific immunity in infected and highly exposed individuals, as well as to examine the dynamics of viral infection within families. Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 between family members represented a major route for viral spread during the early stages of the pandemic, due to the nature of SARS-CoV-2 transmission through close contacts. METHODS: Here, humoral and cellular immunity is explored in 264 SARS-CoV-2 infected, exposed or unexposed individuals from 81 families in the United Kingdom sampled in the winter of 2020 before widespread vaccination and infection...
2023: Frontiers in Immunology
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Isabel Neale, Mohammad Ali, Barbara Kronsteiner, Stephanie Longet, Priyanka Abraham, Alexandra S Deeks, Anthony Brown, Shona C Moore, Lizzie Stafford, Susan L Dobson, Megan Plowright, Thomas A H Newman, Mary Y Wu, Edward J Carr, Rupert Beale, Ashley D Otter, Susan Hopkins, Victoria Hall, Adriana Tomic, Rebecca P Payne, Eleanor Barnes, Alex Richter, Christopher J A Duncan, Lance Turtle, Thushan I de Silva, Miles Carroll, Teresa Lambe, Paul Klenerman, Susanna Dunachie
Serological correlates of protection against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection after vaccination ("vaccine breakthrough") have been described. However, T cell correlates of protection against breakthrough are incompletely defined, especially the specific contributions of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Here, 279 volunteers in the Protective Immunity from T Cells in Healthcare Workers (PITCH) UK cohort study were enrolled in a nested case-control study. Cases were those who tested SARS-CoV-2 PCR or lateral flow device (LFD) positive after two vaccine doses during the Delta-predominant era ( n = 32), while controls were those who did not report a positive test or undergo anti-nucleocapsid immunoglobulin G (IgG) seroconversion during this period ( n = 247)...
September 1, 2023: MBio
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hailey Hornsby, Alexander R Nicols, Stephanie Longet, Chang Liu, Adriana Tomic, Adrienn Angyal, Barbara Kronsteiner, Jessica K Tyerman, Tom Tipton, Peijun Zhang, Marta Gallis, Piyada Supasa, Muneeswaran Selvaraj, Priyanka Abraham, Isabel Neale, Mohammad Ali, Natalie A Barratt, Jeremy M Nell, Lotta Gustafsson, Scarlett Strickland, Irina Grouneva, Timothy Rostron, Shona C Moore, Luisa M Hering, Susan L Dobson, Sagida Bibi, Juthathip Mongkolsapaya, Teresa Lambe, Dan Wootton, Victoria Hall, Susan Hopkins, Tao Dong, Eleanor Barnes, Gavin Screaton, Alex Richter, Lance Turtle, Sarah L Rowland-Jones, Miles Carroll, Christopher J A Duncan, Paul Klenerman, Susanna J Dunachie, Rebecca P Payne, Thushan I de Silva
Pronounced immune escape by the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant has resulted in many individuals possessing hybrid immunity, generated through a combination of vaccination and infection. Concerns have been raised that omicron breakthrough infections in triple-vaccinated individuals result in poor induction of omicron-specific immunity, and that prior SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with immune dampening. Taking a broad and comprehensive approach, we characterize mucosal and blood immunity to spike and non-spike antigens following BA...
August 21, 2023: Nature Communications
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Eleanor Barnes, Carl S Goodyear, Michelle Willicombe, Charlotte Gaskell, Stefan Siebert, Thushan I de Silva, Sam M Murray, Daniel Rea, John A Snowden, Miles Carroll, Sarah Pirrie, Sarah J Bowden, Susanna J Dunachie, Alex Richter, Zixiang Lim, Jack Satsangi, Gordon Cook, Ann Pope, Ana Hughes, Molly Harrison, Sean H Lim, Paul Miller, Paul Klenerman, Neil Basu, Ashley Gilmour, Sophie Irwin, Georgina Meacham, Thomas Marjot, Stavros Dimitriadis, Peter Kelleher, Maria Prendecki, Candice Clarke, Paige Mortimer, Stacey McIntyre, Rachael Selby, Naomi Meardon, Dung Nguyen, Tom Tipton, Stephanie Longet, Stephen Laidlaw, Kim Orchard, Georgina Ireland, David Thomas, Pamela Kearns, Amanda Kirkham, Iain B McInnes
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) immune responses and infection outcomes were evaluated in 2,686 patients with varying immune-suppressive disease states after administration of two Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines. Overall, 255 of 2,204 (12%) patients failed to develop anti-spike antibodies, with an additional 600 of 2,204 (27%) patients generating low levels (<380 AU ml-1 ). Vaccine failure rates were highest in ANCA-associated vasculitis on rituximab (21/29, 72%), hemodialysis on immunosuppressive therapy (6/30, 20%) and solid organ transplant recipients (20/81, 25% and 141/458, 31%)...
July 6, 2023: Nature Medicine
#14
REVIEW
Beatriz Miguelena Chamorro, Karelle De Luca, Gokul Swaminathan, Stéphanie Longet, Egbert Mundt, Stéphane Paul
Bordetella pertussis and Bordetella bronchiseptica belong to the genus Bordetella , which comprises 14 other species. B. pertussis is responsible for whooping cough in humans, a severe infection in children and less severe or chronic in adults. These infections are restricted to humans and currently increasing worldwide. B. bronchiseptica is involved in diverse respiratory infections in a wide range of mammals. For instance, the canine infectious respiratory disease complex (CIRDC), characterized by a chronic cough in dogs...
September 21, 2023: Clinical Microbiology Reviews
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Melyssa Yaugel-Novoa, Blandine Noailly, Fabienne Jospin, Anne-Emmanuelle Berger, Louis Waeckel, Elisabeth Botelho-Nevers, Stéphanie Longet, Thomas Bourlet, Stéphane Paul
Antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) can increase the rates and severity of infection with various viruses, including coronaviruses, such as MERS. Some in vitro studies on COVID-19 have suggested that prior immunization enhances SARS-CoV-2 infection, but preclinical and clinical studies have demonstrated the contrary. We studied a cohort of COVID-19 patients and a cohort of vaccinated individuals with a heterologous (Moderna/Pfizer) or homologous (Pfizer/Pfizer) vaccination scheme. The dependence on IgG or IgA of ADE of infection was evaluated on the serum samples from these subjects (twenty-six vaccinated individuals and twenty-one PCR-positive SARS-CoV-2-infected patients) using an in vitro model with CD16- or CD89-expressing cells and the Delta (B...
March 31, 2023: Vaccines
#16
REVIEW
Caolann Brady, Tom Tipton, Stephanie Longet, Miles W Carroll
A defined immune profile that predicts protection against a pathogen-of-interest, is referred to as a correlate of protection (CoP). A validated SARS-CoV-2 CoP has yet to be defined, however considerable insights have been provided by pre-clinical vaccine and animal rechallenge studies which have fewer associated limitations than equivalent studies in human vaccinees or convalescents, respectively. This literature review focuses on the advantages of the use of animal models for the definition of CoPs, with particular attention on their application in the search for SARS-CoV-2 CoPs...
2023: Frontiers in Immunology
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shona C Moore, Barbara Kronsteiner, Stephanie Longet, Sandra Adele, Alexandra S Deeks, Chang Liu, Wanwisa Dejnirattisai, Laura Silva Reyes, Naomi Meardon, Sian Faustini, Saly Al-Taei, Tom Tipton, Luisa M Hering, Adrienn Angyal, Rebecca Brown, Alexander R Nicols, Susan L Dobson, Piyada Supasa, Aekkachai Tuekprakhon, Andrew Cross, Jessica K Tyerman, Hailey Hornsby, Irina Grouneva, Megan Plowright, Peijun Zhang, Thomas A H Newman, Jeremy M Nell, Priyanka Abraham, Mohammad Ali, Tom Malone, Isabel Neale, Eloise Phillips, Joseph D Wilson, Sam M Murray, Martha Zewdie, Adrian Shields, Emily C Horner, Lucy H Booth, Lizzie Stafford, Sagida Bibi, Daniel G Wootton, Alexander J Mentzer, Christopher P Conlon, Katie Jeffery, Philippa C Matthews, Andrew J Pollard, Anthony Brown, Sarah L Rowland-Jones, Juthathip Mongkolsapaya, Rebecca P Payne, Christina Dold, Teresa Lambe, James E D Thaventhiran, Gavin Screaton, Eleanor Barnes, Susan Hopkins, Victoria Hall, Christopher J A Duncan, Alex Richter, Miles Carroll, Thushan I de Silva, Paul Klenerman, Susanna Dunachie, Lance Turtle
BACKGROUND: Both infection and vaccination, alone or in combination, generate antibody and T cell responses against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). However, the maintenance of such responses-and hence protection from disease-requires careful characterization. In a large prospective study of UK healthcare workers (HCWs) (Protective Immunity from T Cells in Healthcare Workers [PITCH], within the larger SARS-CoV-2 Immunity and Reinfection Evaluation [SIREN] study), we previously observed that prior infection strongly affected subsequent cellular and humoral immunity induced after long and short dosing intervals of BNT162b2 (Pfizer/BioNTech) vaccination...
February 16, 2023: Med
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Fatemeh Navaee, Niloofar Khornian, David Longet, Sarah Heub, Stephanie Boder-Pasche, Gilles Weder, Alexander Kleger, Philippe Renaud, Thomas Braschler
Cardiomyocyte alignment in myocardium tissue plays a significant role in the physiological, electrical, and mechanical functions of the myocardium. It remains, however, difficult to align cardiac cells in a 3D in vitro heart model. This paper proposes a simple method to align cells using microfabricated Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) grooves with large dimensions (of up to 350 µm in width), similar to the dimensions of trabeculae carneae, the smallest functional unit of the myocardium. Two cell groups were used in this work; first, H9c2 cells in combination with Nor10 cells for proof of concept, and second, neonatal cardiac cells to investigate the functionality of the 3D model...
February 10, 2023: Cells
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Síle A Johnson, Eloise Phillips, Sandra Adele, Stephanie Longet, Tom Malone, Chris Mason, Lizzie Stafford, Anni Jamsen, Siobhan Gardiner, Alexandra Deeks, Janice Neo, Emily J Blurton, Jemima White, Muhammed Ali, Barbara Kronsteiner, Joseph D Wilson, Dónal T Skelly, Katie Jeffery, Christopher P Conlon, Philip Goulder, Miles Carroll, Eleanor Barnes, Paul Klenerman, Susanna J Dunachie
T cells are important in preventing severe disease from SARS-CoV-2, but scalable and field-adaptable alternatives to expert T cell assays are needed. The interferon-gamma release assay QuantiFERON platform was developed to detect T cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 from whole blood with relatively basic equipment and flexibility of processing timelines. 48 participants with different infection and vaccination backgrounds were recruited. Whole blood samples were analysed using the QuantiFERON SARS-CoV-2 assay in parallel with the well-established 'Protective Immunity from T Cells in Healthcare workers' (PITCH) ELISpot, which can evaluate spike-specific T cell responses...
February 21, 2023: Clinical and Experimental Immunology
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Stephanie Longet, Cristina Leggio, Joseph Akoi Bore, Stephanie Key, Tom Tipton, Yper Hall, Fara Raymond Koundouno, Hilary Bower, Tapan Bhattacharyya, N'Faly Magassouba, Stephan Günther, Ana-Maria Henao-Restrapo, Jeremy S Rossman, Mandy Kader Konde, Kimberly Fornace, Miles W Carroll
Lassa fever virus (LASV) is the causative agent of Lassa fever, a disease endemic in West Africa. Exploring the relationships between environmental factors and LASV transmission across ecologically diverse regions can provide crucial information for the design of appropriate interventions and disease monitoring. We investigated LASV exposure in 2 ecologically diverse regions of Guinea. Our results showed that exposure to LASV was heterogenous between and within sites. LASV IgG seropositivity was 11.9% (95% CI 9...
February 2023: Emerging Infectious Diseases
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