keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536448/arterial-spin-labelling-magnetic-resonance-imaging-and-perfusion-patterns-in-neurocognitive-and-other-mental-disorders-a-systematic-review
#1
REVIEW
Rita Ferreira, António J Bastos-Leite
We reviewed 33 original research studies assessing brain perfusion, using consensus guidelines from a "white paper" issued by the International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine Perfusion Study Group and the European Cooperation in Science and Technology Action BM1103 ("Arterial Spin Labelling Initiative in Dementia"; https://www.cost.eu/actions/BM1103/ ). The studies were published between 2011 and 2023 and included participants with subjective cognitive decline plus; neurocognitive disorders, including mild cognitive impairment (MCI), Alzheimer's disease (AD), frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and vascular cognitive impairment (VCI); as well as schizophrenia spectrum disorders, bipolar and major depressive disorders, autism spectrum disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, panic disorder and alcohol use disorder...
March 27, 2024: Neuroradiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535081/the-contribution-of-functional-near-infrared-spectroscopy-fnirs-to-the-study-of-neurodegenerative-disorders-a-narrative-review
#2
REVIEW
Ioannis Liampas, Freideriki Danga, Panagiota Kyriakoulopoulou, Vasileios Siokas, Polyxeni Stamati, Lambros Messinis, Efthimios Dardiotis, Grigorios Nasios
Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is an innovative neuroimaging method that offers several advantages over other commonly used modalities. This narrative review investigated the potential contribution of this method to the study of neurodegenerative disorders. Thirty-four studies involving patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), frontotemporal dementia (FTD), Parkinson's disease (PD), or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and healthy controls were reviewed. Overall, it was revealed that the prefrontal cortex of individuals with MCI may engage compensatory mechanisms to support declining brain functions...
March 21, 2024: Diagnostics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535006/current-trends-and-applications-of-pet-mri-hybrid-imaging-in-neurodegenerative-diseases-and-normal-aging
#3
REVIEW
Jonathan Lee, Jonathan Renslo, Kasen Wong, Thomas G Clifford, Bryce D Beutler, Paul E Kim, Ali Gholamrezanezhad
Dementia is a significant global health issue that is exacerbated by an aging population. Imaging plays an established role in the evaluation of patients with neurocognitive disorders such as dementia. In current clinical practice, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET) are primary imaging modalities used separately but in concert to help diagnose and classify dementia. The clinical applications of PET/MRI hybrid imaging in dementia are an active area of research, particularly given the continued emergence of functional MRI (fMRI) and amyloid PET tracers...
March 10, 2024: Diagnostics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534493/a-comprehensive-review-on-synergy-of-multi-modal-data-and-ai-technologies-in-medical-diagnosis
#4
REVIEW
Xi Xu, Jianqiang Li, Zhichao Zhu, Linna Zhao, Huina Wang, Changwei Song, Yining Chen, Qing Zhao, Jijiang Yang, Yan Pei
Disease diagnosis represents a critical and arduous endeavor within the medical field. Artificial intelligence (AI) techniques, spanning from machine learning and deep learning to large model paradigms, stand poised to significantly augment physicians in rendering more evidence-based decisions, thus presenting a pioneering solution for clinical practice. Traditionally, the amalgamation of diverse medical data modalities (e.g., image, text, speech, genetic data, physiological signals) is imperative to facilitate a comprehensive disease analysis, a topic of burgeoning interest among both researchers and clinicians in recent times...
February 25, 2024: Bioengineering
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38532486/cognitive-decline-a%C3%AE-pathology-and-blood-brain-barrier-function-in-aged-5xfad-mice
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Geetika Nehra, Sasivimon Promsan, Ruedeemars Yubolphan, Wijitra Chumboatong, Pornpun Vivithanaporn, Bryan J Maloney, Anusorn Lungkaphin, Bjoern Bauer, Anika M S Hartz
BACKGROUND: Patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) develop blood-brain barrier dysfunction to varying degrees. How aging impacts Aβ pathology, blood-brain barrier function, and cognitive decline in AD remains largely unknown. In this study, we used 5xFAD mice to investigate changes in Aβ levels, barrier function, and cognitive decline over time. METHODS: 5xFAD and wild-type (WT) mice were aged between 9.5 and 15.5 months and tested for spatial learning and reference memory with the Morris Water Maze (MWM)...
March 27, 2024: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531877/ultrastructure-of-human-brain-tissue-vitrified-from-autopsy-revealed-by-cryo-et-with-cryo-plasma-fib-milling
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Benjamin C Creekmore, Kathryn Kixmoeller, Ben E Black, Edward B Lee, Yi-Wei Chang
Ultrastructure of human brain tissue has traditionally been examined using electron microscopy (EM) following fixation, staining, and sectioning, which limit resolution and introduce artifacts. Alternatively, cryo-electron tomography (cryo-ET) allows higher resolution imaging of unfixed cellular samples while preserving architecture, but it requires samples to be vitreous and thin enough for transmission EM. Due to these requirements, cryo-ET has yet to be employed to investigate unfixed, never previously frozen human brain tissue...
March 26, 2024: Nature Communications
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531250/extensive-t1-weighted-mri-preprocessing-improves-generalizability-of-deep-brain-age-prediction-models
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lara Dular, Franjo Pernuš, Žiga Špiclin
Brain age is an estimate of chronological age obtained from T1-weighted magnetic resonance images (T1w MRI), representing a straightforward diagnostic biomarker of brain aging and associated diseases. While the current best accuracy of brain age predictions on T1w MRIs of healthy subjects ranges from two to three years, comparing results across studies is challenging due to differences in the datasets, T1w preprocessing pipelines, and evaluation protocols used. This paper investigates the impact of T1w image preprocessing on the performance of four deep learning brain age models from recent literature...
March 20, 2024: Computers in Biology and Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38530836/a-deeply-supervised-adaptable-neural-network-for-diagnosis-and-classification-of-alzheimer-s-severity-using-multitask-feature-extraction
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mohsen Ahmadi, Danial Javaheri, Matin Khajavi, Kasra Danesh, Junbeom Hur
Alzheimer's disease is the most prevalent form of dementia, which is a gradual condition that begins with mild memory loss and progresses to difficulties communicating and responding to the environment. Recent advancements in neuroimaging techniques have resulted in large-scale multimodal neuroimaging data, leading to an increased interest in using deep learning for the early diagnosis and automated classification of Alzheimer's disease. This study uses machine learning (ML) methods to determine the severity level of Alzheimer's disease using MRI images, where the dataset consists of four levels of severity...
2024: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38529358/-helicobacter-pylori-persistent-infection-burden-and-structural-brain-imaging-markers
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
May A Beydoun, Hind A Beydoun, Yi-Han Hu, Ziad W El-Hajj, Michael F Georgescu, Nicole Noren Hooten, Zhiguang Li, Jordan Weiss, Donald M Lyall, Shari R Waldstein, Dawson W Hedges, Shawn D Gale, Lenore J Launer, Michele K Evans, Alan B Zonderman
Persistent infections, whether viral, bacterial or parasitic, including Helicobacter pylori infection, have been implicated in non-communicable diseases, including dementia and other neurodegenerative diseases. In this cross-sectional study, data on 635 cognitively normal participants from the UK Biobank study (2006-21, age range: 40-70 years) were used to examine whether H. pylori seropositivity (e.g. presence of antibodies), serointensities of five H. pylori antigens and a measure of total persistent infection burden were associated with selected brain volumetric structural MRI (total, white, grey matter, frontal grey matter (left/right), white matter hyperintensity as percent intracranial volume and bi-lateral sub-cortical volumes) and diffusion-weighted MRI measures (global and tract-specific bi-lateral fractional anisotropy and mean diffusivity), after an average 9-10 years of lag time...
2024: Brain communications
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38528836/spatial-temporal-mapping-reveals-the-golgi-as-the-major-processing-site-for-the-pathogenic-swedish-app-mutation-familial-app-mutant-shifts-the-major-app-processing-site
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jingqi Wang, Paul A Gleeson, Lou Fourriere
Alzheimer's disease is associated with increased levels of amyloid beta (Aβ) generated by sequential intracellular cleavage of amyloid precursor protein (APP) by membrane-bound secretases. However, the spatial and temporal APP cleavage events along the trafficking pathways are poorly defined. Here, we use the Retention Using Selective Hooks (RUSH) to compare in real time the anterograde trafficking and temporal cleavage events of wild-type APP (APPwt) with the pathogenic Swedish APP (APPswe) and the disease-protective Icelandic APP (APPice)...
March 2024: Traffic
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38528588/epigenetic-scores-of-blood-based-proteins-as-biomarkers-of-general-cognitive-function-and-brain-health
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hannah M Smith, Joanna E Moodie, Karla Monterrubio-Gómez, Danni A Gadd, Robert F Hillary, Aleksandra D Chybowska, Daniel L McCartney, Archie Campbell, Paul Redmond, Danielle Page, Adele Taylor, Janie Corley, Sarah E Harris, Maria Valdés Hernández, Susana Muñoz Maniega, Mark E Bastin, Joanna M Wardlaw, Ian J Deary, James P Boardman, Donncha S Mullin, Tom C Russ, Simon R Cox, Riccardo E Marioni
BACKGROUND: Epigenetic Scores (EpiScores) for blood protein levels have been associated with disease outcomes and measures of brain health, highlighting their potential usefulness as clinical biomarkers. They are typically derived via penalised regression, whereby a linear weighted sum of DNA methylation (DNAm) levels at CpG sites are predictive of protein levels. Here, we examine 84 previously published protein EpiScores as possible biomarkers of cross-sectional and longitudinal measures of general cognitive function and brain health, and incident dementia across three independent cohorts...
March 25, 2024: Clinical Epigenetics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38528511/delivering-synaptic-protein-mrnas-via-extracellular-vesicles-ameliorates-cognitive-impairment-in-a-mouse-model-of-alzheimer-s-disease
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Huimin Cai, Yana Pang, Ziye Ren, Xiaofeng Fu, Longfei Jia
BACKGROUND: Synaptic dysfunction with reduced synaptic protein levels is a core feature of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Synaptic proteins play a central role in memory processing, learning, and AD pathogenesis. Evidence suggests that synaptic proteins in plasma neuronal-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) are reduced in patients with AD. However, it remains unclear whether levels of synaptic proteins in EVs are associated with hippocampal atrophy of AD and whether upregulating the expression of these synaptic proteins has a beneficial effect on AD...
March 25, 2024: BMC Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38528318/plasma-glial-fibrillary-acidic-protein-in-the-visual-and-language-variants-of-alzheimer-s-disease
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Irene Sintini, Neha Atulkumar Singh, Danni Li, Michelle M Mielke, Mary M Machulda, Christopher G Schwarz, Matthew L Senjem, Clifford R Jack, Val J Lowe, Jonathan Graff-Radford, Keith A Josephs, Jennifer L Whitwell
INTRODUCTION: Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in plasma is a proxy for astrocytic activity and is elevated in amyloid-β (Aβ)-positive individuals, making GFAP a potential blood-based biomarker for Alzheimer's disease (AD). METHODS: We assessed plasma GFAP in 72 Aβ-positive participants diagnosed with the visual or language variant of AD who underwent Aβ- and tau-PET. Fifty-nine participants had follow-up imaging. Linear regression was applied on GFAP and imaging quantities...
March 25, 2024: Alzheimer's & Dementia: the Journal of the Alzheimer's Association
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38527856/app-antisense-oligonucleotides-reduce-a%C3%AE-aggregation-and-rescue-endolysosomal-dysfunction-in-alzheimer-s-disease
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Christy Hung, Emre Fertan, Frederick J Livesey, David Klenerman, Rickie Patani
APP gene dosage is strongly associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis. Genomic duplication of the APP locus leads to autosomal dominant early-onset AD. Individuals with Down syndrome (trisomy of chromosome 21) harbor 3 copies of the APP gene and invariably develop progressive AD with highly characteristic neuropathological features. Restoring expression of APP to the equivalent of that of two gene copies, or lower, is a rational therapeutic strategy, as it would restore physiological levels of neuronal APP protein without the potentially deleterious consequences of inadvertently inducing loss of APP function...
March 25, 2024: Brain
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38527709/impaired-olfactory-identification-in-dementia-free-individuals-is-associated-with-the-functional-abnormality-of-the-precuneus
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Bo Xie, Simin Yang, Yitong Hao, Yining Sun, Ludi Li, Chunjie Guo, Yu Yang
OBJECTIVE: Olfactory dysfunction indicates a higher risk of developing dementia. However, the potential structural and functional changes are still largely unknown. METHODS: A total of 236 participants were enrolled, including 45 Alzheimer's disease (AD) individuals and 191dementia-free individuals. Detailed study methods, comprising neuropsychological assessment and olfactory identification test (University of Pennsylvania smell identification test, UPSIT), as well as structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were applied in this research...
March 23, 2024: Neurobiology of Disease
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38527571/abnormally-decreased-functional-connectivity-of-the-right-nucleus-basalis-of-meynert-in-alzheimer-s-disease-patients-with-depression-symptoms
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ting Yang, Zhongwei Guo, Jiapeng Li, Hong Zhu, Yulin Cao, Yanping Ding, Xiaozheng Liu
Dysfunction of the basal forebrain is the main pathological feature in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). The aim of this study was to explore whether depressive symptoms cause changes in the functional network of the basal forebrain in AD patients. We collected MRI data from depressed AD patients (n=24), nondepressed AD patients (n=14) and healthy controls (n=20). Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data and functional connectivity analysis were used to study the characteristics of the basal forebrain functional network of the three groups of participants...
March 23, 2024: Biological Psychology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38527143/soluble-biomarkers-of-cerebrovascular-pathologies
#17
REVIEW
Kate E Foley, Donna M Wilcock
Vascular contributions to cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID) is an all-encompassing term that describes cognitive impairment due to cerebrovascular origins. With the advancement of imaging and pathological studies, we now understand that VCID is often comorbid with Alzheimer disease. While researchers in the Alzheimer disease field have been working for years to establish and test blood-based biomarkers for Alzheimer disease diagnosis, prognosis, clinical therapy discovery, and early detection, blood-based biomarkers for VCID are in their infancy and also face challenges...
April 2024: Stroke; a Journal of Cerebral Circulation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38526701/deepn4-learning-n4itk-bias-field-correction-for-t1-weighted-images
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Praitayini Kanakaraj, Tianyuan Yao, Leon Y Cai, Ho Hin Lee, Nancy R Newlin, Michael E Kim, Chenyu Gao, Kimberly R Pechman, Derek Archer, Timothy Hohman, Angela Jefferson, Lori L Beason-Held, Susan M Resnick, Eleftherios Garyfallidis, Adam Anderson, Kurt G Schilling, Bennett A Landman, Daniel Moyer
T1-weighted (T1w) MRI has low frequency intensity artifacts due to magnetic field inhomogeneities. Removal of these biases in T1w MRI images is a critical preprocessing step to ensure spatially consistent image interpretation. N4ITK bias field correction, the current state-of-the-art, is implemented in such a way that makes it difficult to port between different pipelines and workflows, thus making it hard to reimplement and reproduce results across local, cloud, and edge platforms. Moreover, N4ITK is opaque to optimization before and after its application, meaning that methodological development must work around the inhomogeneity correction step...
March 25, 2024: Neuroinformatics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38526289/neuroprotective-effects-of-g9a-inhibition-through-modulation-of-peroxisome-proliferator-activator-receptor-gamma-dependent-pathways-by-mir-128
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Aina Bellver-Sanchis, Pedro A Ávila-López, Iva Tic, David Valle-García, Marta Ribalta-Vilella, Luis Labrador, Deb Ranjan Banerjee, Ana Guerrero, Gemma Casadesus, Coralie Poulard, Mercè Pallàs, Christian Griñán-Ferré
JOURNAL/nrgr/04.03/01300535-202419110-00033/figure1/v/2024-03-08T184507Z/r/image-tiff Dysregulation of G9a, a histone-lysine N-methyltransferase, has been observed in Alzheimer's disease and has been correlated with increased levels of chronic inflammation and oxidative stress. Likewise, microRNAs are involved in many biological processes and diseases playing a key role in pathogenesis, especially in multifactorial diseases such as Alzheimer's disease. Therefore, our aim has been to provide partial insights into the interconnection between G9a, microRNAs, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation...
November 1, 2024: Neural Regeneration Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38526283/activation-of-autophagy-by-citri-reticulatae-semen-extract-ameliorates-amyloid-beta-induced-cell-death-and-cognition-deficits-in-alzheimer-s-disease
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yong Tang, Jing Wei, Xiao-Fang Wang, Tao Long, Xiaohong Xiang, Liqun Qu, Xingxia Wang, Chonglin Yu, Xingli Xiao, Xueyuan Hu, Jing Zeng, Qin Xu, Anguo Wu, Jianming Wu, Dalian Qin, Xiaogang Zhou, Betty Yuen-Kwan Law
JOURNAL/nrgr/04.03/01300535-202419110-00027/figure1/v/2024-03-08T184507Z/r/image-tiff Amyloid-beta-induced neuronal cell death contributes to cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease. Citri Reticulatae Semen has diverse beneficial effects on neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson's and Huntington's diseases, however, the effect of Citri Reticulatae Semen on Alzheimer's disease remains unelucidated. In the current study, the anti-apoptotic and autophagic roles of Citri Reticulatae Semen extract on amyloid-beta-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells were first investigated...
November 1, 2024: Neural Regeneration Research
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