Cytokine mood disorder

The majority of research on the long-term effects of spinal cord injury (SCI) has primarily focused on neuropathic pain (NP), psychological issues, and sensorimotor impairments. Among SCI patients, mood disorders, such as anxiety and depression, have been extensively studied. It has been found that chronic stress and NP have negative consequences and reduce the quality of life for individuals living with SCI. Our review examined both human and experimental evidence to explore the connection between mood changes following SCI and inflammatory pathways, with a specific focus on NLRP3 inflammasome signaling...

Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the complex neurodegenerative disorders, primarily characterized by motor deficits, including bradykinesia, tremor, rigidity, and postural instability. The underlying pathophysiology involves the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons within the substantia nigra pars compacta, leading to dopamine depletion in the basal ganglia circuitry. While motor symptoms are hallmark features of PD, emerging research highlights a wide range of non-motor symptoms, including cognitive impairments, mood disturbances, and autonomic dysfunctions...

BACKGROUND: We examined whether women with prenatal mood and anxiety disorders would exhibit differential pro- and anti-inflammatory marker trajectories during the prenatal and postpartum periods compared to women without these disorders. METHODS: Approximately 179 pregnant women participated in a longitudinal study conducted in two urban areas. Blood samples for inflammatory markers were collected at six study visits. The Structured Clinical Interview for the DSM-IV (SCID) was administered to participants scoring above cutoffs on anxiety and depression...

INTRODUCTION AND AIMS: Bipolar disorder (BD) is a severe and recurring mental illness associated with a significant personal and social burden. It has been recently hypothesized that increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and cortisol, which is also associated with a reduced expression of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), may influence affective recurrences in BD. Our study aims to: 1) assess changes in the levels of peripheral cytokines, BDNF and salivary cortisol during acute and euthymic phases of bipolar disorder, compared to that of a sample oh healthy controls; 2) evaluate whether these changes represent a biosignature for the different phases of the illness...

Depressed patients exhibit altered levels of immune-inflammatory markers both in the peripheral blood and in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and inflammatory processes have been widely implicated in the pathophysiology of mood disorders. The Choroid Plexus (ChP), located at the base of each of the four brain ventricles, regulates the exchange of substances between the blood and CSF and several evidence supported a key role for ChP as a neuro-immunological interface between the brain and circulating immune cells...

Brucellosis infection causes non-specific symptoms such as fever, chills, sweating, headaches, myalgia, arthralgia, anorexia, fatigue, and mood disorders. In mouse models, it has been associated with increased levels of IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-γ, a decrease in serotonin and dopamine levels within the hippocampus, induced loss of muscle strength and equilibrium, and increased anxiety and hopelessness. Imipramine (ImiP), a tricyclic antidepressant, is used to alleviate neuropathic pain. This study evaluated the effects of ImiP on Balb/c mice infected with Brucella abortus 2308 (Ba) at 14- and 28-days post-infection...

OBJECTIVE: Neurotrophin-like brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and pro-inflammatory cytokines may modulate the pathophysiology of mood disorders. Although several studies show alterations in these biomarkers during the depressive, manic, and euthymic states of mood disorders, evidence is lacking for those in a mixed state. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between the depressive mixed state (DMX) and peripheral neurobiological factors. METHODS: We enrolled 136 patients with major depressive episodes...

BACKGROUND: Immune-inflammatory pathways in major depressive disorder are confined to the major dysmood disorder (MDMD) phenotype (Maes et al., 2022). No studies have addressed the immune profile of first episode MDMD (FE-MDMD). METHODS: This study investigated the immune profiles of 71 patients with the acute phase of first-episode major depressive disorder (FE-MDMD) and 40 healthy controls. We measured 48 cytokines/chemokines/growth factors, classical M1, alternative M2, T helper (Th)-1, Th-2, and Th-17 phenotypes, immune-inflammatory response system (IRS), compensatory immunoregulatory system (CIRS), and neuro-immunotoxicity profiles...

BACKGROUND: Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is a common mental ailment and is the primary reason for disability. It manifests a severe impact on moods, thoughts, and physical health. At present, this disorder has become a concern in the field of public health. Alteration of neurochemicals is thought to be involved in the pathogenesis of many psychiatric disorders. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate serum IL-3 and lipocalin-2 in MDD patients and healthy controls (HCs). METHOD: We included a total of 376 participants in this study...

Mood disorders are the leading cause of disability worldwide and their incidence has significantly increased after the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite the continuous surge in the number of people diagnosed with psychiatric disorders, the treatment methods for these conditions remain limited. A significant number of people either do not respond to therapy or discontinue the drugs due to their severe side effects. Therefore, alternative therapeutic interventions are needed. Previous studies have shown a correlation between immunological alterations and the occurrence of mental health disorders, yet immunomodulatory therapies have been barely investigated for combating psychiatric conditions...

Depression is a type of mental disorder with a significant and persistent low mood as the main clinical feature. It is often accompanied by symptoms such as slow thinking, decreased will, loss of appetite, and weight loss. The current treatment methods for depression are mainly medical treatment, psychotherapy, and physical therapy. These treatments are dependent on the patient's autonomy and the patients may suspend treatment due to forgetting or refusing. Therefore, an anti-depressant intelligent drug release system was designed, which can achieve autonomously controlled doses for the treatment of depression by transdermal drug delivery system...

Women using hormonal contraceptives (HCs) exhibit numerous signs of chronic inflammation, including elevated C-reactive protein levels and greater risk of developing mood and autoimmune disorders. However, users and non-users of HCs often have similar circulating proinflammatory cytokine levels, making the mechanism of association unclear. One possible explanation for this paradox is that HC users exhibit differences in their inflammatory responses to psychosocial stress that, over time, could contribute to chronic inflammation and its pathologies...

Psychodermatology pertains to the relationship between the skin and brain. This review aims to summarize the evidence of the mind body connection in four psychophysiological conditions: rosacea, atopic dermatitis (AD), acne vulgaris (AV), and psoriasis. A literature search was conducted using several English language databases. All four conditions share similar psychiatric co-morbidities, including but not limited to anxiety, depression, and suicidality. In rosacea, the upregulation of transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1, Toll like receptor 2, and Th17 cells releases downstream products that are simultaneously implicated in mood disorders...

BACKGROUND: Although activation of inflammatory processes is essential to fight infections, its prolonged impact on brain function is well known to contribute to the pathophysiology of many medical conditions, including neuropsychiatric disorders. Therefore, identifying novel strategies to selectively counter the harmful effects of neuroinflammation appears as a major health concern. In that context, this study aimed to test the relevance of a nutritional intervention with saffron, a spice known for centuries for its beneficial effect on health...

INTRODUCTION: Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is defined as a medical condition with chronic widespread musculoskeletal pain accompanied by mood disorders, fatigue and sleep disturbances. Treatment of this condition can often be challenging. As nutrition in general and nutritional interventions in the context of illness management become more and more important, current research also focuses on the relevance of diets for FMS, including gluten as field of interest. To date, there is no clear evidence that a gluten-free diet or other nutritional interventions are significantly important for the reduction of pain in the context of FMS...

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), represented by Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) characterized by chronic relapsing intestinal inflammation, abdominal pain, cramping, loss of appetite, fatigue, diarrhoea, and weight loss. Although the etiology of IBD remains unclear, it is believed to be an interaction between genes, and environmental factors, such as an imbalance of the intestinal microbiota, changing food habits, an ultra-non-hygiene environment, and an inappropriate immune system...

BACKGROUND: There is a lot of evidence for a bidirectional communication between the gut and brain. Dysbiosis and increase intestinal permeability may lead to a systemic low-grade inflammatory response or various neuroactive bacterial metabolite may cross gut barrier. Pro-inflammatory cytokines or bacterial metabolites such as short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) are known to pass through blood brain barrier and altered neurotransmitter metabolism or increase production of neurotoxic pathways...

Background : in a recent double-blind, placebo controlled RCT we demonstrated that selective inhibition of cyclo-oxygenase 2 (COX2) is an effective adjunctive strategy in treatment-resistant bipolar depression (TRBDD). To better clarify the mechanisms underlying TRBDD and treatment response, we conducted a retrospective exploratory analysis of the systemic inflammatory response index (SIRI = absolute neutrophils × absolute monocytes/absolute lymphocytes) in relation to other biomarkers and clinical outcomes after escitalopram (ESC), combined with the COX-2 inhibitor, celecoxib (CBX), versus placebo...

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most prevalent joint disease associated with chronic pain. OA pain is often accompanied by mood disorders. We addressed the role of the Prokineticin (PK) system in pain and mood alterations in a mice OA model induced with monosodium iodoacetate (MIA). The effect of a PK antagonist (PC1) was compared to that of diclofenac. C57BL/6J male mice injected with MIA in the knee joint were characterized by allodynia, motor deficits, and fatigue. Twenty-eight days after MIA, in the knee joint, we measured high mRNA of PK2 and its receptor PKR1, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and MMP13...

BACKGROUND: Patients with pre-existing mental disorders are at higher risk for SARS-CoV-2 infection and adverse outcomes, and severe mental illness, including mood and psychosis spectrum disorders, is associated with increased mortality risk. Despite their increased risk profile, patients with severe mental illness have been understudied during the pandemic, with limited estimates of exposure in inpatient settings. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to describe the SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence and antibody titers, and pro-inflammatory cytokine concentrations of newly admitted or hospitalized psychiatric inpatients without known history of COVID-19 infection, using robust quantitative multi-antigen assessments, and compare patients' exposure to that of hospital staff...