Septic arthritis

The purpose of this study was to determine if short-term outcomes differed for pediatric patients with suspected musculoskeletal infection with or without a preoperative MRI. This was a multicenter, retrospective review of patients aged 0-16 years who presented with atraumatic extremity pain, underwent irrigation and debridement (I&D), and received at least one preoperative or postoperative MRI over a 10-year period. Primary outcomes were time to OR, total I&Ds, readmission rate, time from OR to discharge, and total number of MRIs...

Streptococci are a type of bacteria that can cause severe illnesses in humans and animals. Some typical species like S. suis , or atypical species like S. porcinus and, S. dysgalactiae subsp. dysgalactiae , can cause infections like septicemia, meningitis, endocarditis, arthritis, and septic shock. S. suis is considered a newly emerging zoonotic pathogen. Although human streptococcal infection outbreaks are rare, it is appropriate to review the main streptococcal species isolated in pig farms in western Romania, due to the high degree of antibiotic resistance among most isolates commonly used in human treatment...

Primary tropical pyomyositis, commonly caused by Staphylococcus aureus , is characterised by suppuration in skeletal muscles, which manifests as single or multiple abscesses. Another rare causative organism is Mycobacterium tuberculosis in endemic areas. Here, we report a case of primary tuberculous pyomyositis presenting as septic arthritis of the right knee and multiple site pyomyositis of the right thigh and chest wall. A tuberculous aetiology was overlooked at first, which resulted in a diagnostic delay...

Aside from rheumatoid arthritis, methotrexate is also used to treat cancer, psoriasis, and other diseases. Side effects with methotrexate are possible, as they are with any medication. This drug is extremely potent and has the potential to produce serious adverse effects. Those who use this medication need to be tracked often. We provide a case of a patient with psoriasis vulgaris who died due to methotrexate administration without proper dosage verification. A female patient in her forties had a history of psoriasis vulgaris of the lower limbs...

Staphylococcus aureus infection is the most common cause of osteomyelitis. Over 100,000 fungal species have been described; only 150 are pathogenic to humans. These opportunistic infections frequently enter the body due to a decrease in host defense or through an invasive gateway, such as a dental extraction or skin discontinuity due to trauma. Symptoms and radiological examination often mimic those of other etiologies, which can lead to substantial delays in treatment. Our case is a 13-year-old healthy boy with no history of immune incompetency who presented to us with complaints of pain and swelling over his left ankle and leg with an on-and-off history of fever for 15 days...

BACKGROUND: Data are limited on the safety and efficacy of combining advanced therapies for refractory patients with IBD. AIM: To evaluate the real-world efficacy and safety of dual advanced therapy (DAT), combining 2 biologics or a biologic with a small molecule, in children and young adults with refractory IBD. METHODS: Primary outcome of this single IBD center cohort was DAT remission (clinical and biomarker remission) at first assessment (T1)...

Tuberculosis of the hip is a relatively rare type of septic arthritis that is seldom seen in the developed world today. While pyogenic septic arthritis may present with clear features that help in early diagnosis and treatment, many of these features are absent or overlap significantly with tuberculous arthritis, making the diagnosis a clinical challenge. Here, we present a case of tuberculous septic arthritis seen in our clinic following the surgical incision and drainage of a groin abscess with minimal hip symptoms...

Aeromonas hydrophila , a gram-negative coccobacillus bacterium, can cause various infections in humans, including septic arthritis, diarrhea (traveler's diarrhea), gastroenteritis, skin and wound infections, meningitis, fulminating septicemia, enterocolitis, peritonitis, and endocarditis. It frequently occurs in aquatic environments and readily contacts humans, leading to high infection rates. This bacterium has exhibited resistance to numerous commercial antibiotics, and no vaccine has yet been developed. Aiming to combat the alarmingly high infection rate, this study utilizes in silico techniques to design a multi-epitope vaccine (MEV) candidate against this bacterium based on its aerolysin toxin, which is the most toxic and highly conserved virulence factor among the Aeromonas species...

BACKGROUND: Septic arthritis associated with adjacent infections, presents a diagnostic challenge as the clinical presentation is similar to that of isolated septic arthritis, additional diagnostic tools are needed to detect these infections. The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for diagnosis of concomitant infection in children with septic arthritis of large joints and its effect on patient outcome and treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Electronic literature research of PubMed, Cochrane and Scopus, was conducted in January 2022 using a combination of MeSH, search terms and keywords...

In the United States, rates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection have been declining for decades. Osteoarticular tuberculosis of the ankle is rarely observed. We present the case of a 65-year-old man who immigrated to the United States from India 24 years before the onset of symptoms. The patient initially reported atraumatic swelling and pain of the left ankle and foot and was treated for venous insufficiency. Later, the patient was referred to a nonsurgical orthopaedic clinic for additional workup and was found to have elevated inflammatory markers...

BACKGROUND: Native joint septic arthritis (NJSA) is definitively diagnosed by a positive Gram stain or culture, along with supportive clinical findings. Preoperative antibiotics are known to alter synovial fluid cell count, Gram stain and culture results and are typically postponed until after arthrocentesis to optimize diagnostic accuracy. However, data on the impact of preoperative antibiotics on operative culture yield for NJSA diagnosis are limited. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed adult cases of NJSA who underwent surgery at Mayo Clinic facilities from 2012-2021 to analyze the effect of preoperative antibiotics on operative culture yield through a paired analysis of preoperative culture (POC) and operative culture (OC) results using logistic regression and generalized estimating equations...

OBJECTIVES: Osteoarticular infection (OAI) is a feared complication of Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia (SAB) and is associated with poor outcomes. We aimed to explore risk of OAI and death following SAB in patients with and without rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and to identify risk factors for OAI in patients with RA. METHODS: Danish nationwide cohort study of all patients with microbiologically verified first-time SAB between 2006-2018. We identified RA, SAB, comorbidities, and RA-related characteristics (e...

RATIONALE: Pseudomonas aeruginosa-induced septic arthritis is a relatively uncommon phenomenon. It has been documented in children with traumatic wounds, young adults with a history of intravenous drug use, and elderly patients with recent urinary tract infections or surgical procedures. PATIENT CONCERNS: Fifty-nine year-old female had no reported risk factors. The patient sought medical attention due to a 6-month history of persistent pain and swelling in her right ankle...

OBJECTIVE: To determine the risk factors associated with therapeutic failure of vancomycin in hospitalized adult patients with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections. DESIGN: Case-control study. SETTING: Conducted in a high complexity hospital in Cali, Colombia. PARTICIPANTS: Adult hospitalized from January 1, 2015, to December 31, 2021, with MRSA infections with confirmed microbiological isolation...

BACKGROUND: Hip osteoarthritis is associated with an aging population with the average total hip arthroplasty patient in the U.S. approximately 65 years of age. Although there is an association between femoroacetabular impingement and early arthritis, there is a paucity of data attributed to variation in native acetabular version and early onset osteoarthritis. We investigated that whether patients with relative acetabular retroversion are predisposed to earlier hip osteoarthritis. METHODS: Five hundred sixteen charts of patients undergoing THA by a single surgeon between March 2018 and May 2022 were reviewed (221 male and 295 female subjects; mean age 66...

INTRODUCTION: There are currently limited data regarding the clinical and economic significance of skin and soft tissue infections (SSTI) and bone and joint infections in Australian people who inject drugs (PWID). METHODS: Retrospective cohort study in adult PWID admitted to Monash Health, a large heath care network with six hospitals in Victoria, Australia. Inpatients were identified using administrative datasets and International Classification of Disease (ICD-10) coding for specific infection-related conditions...

BACKGROUND: Septic arthritis of the spinal facet joints is increasingly recognized in the era of magnetic resonance imaging, but its epidemiology, clinical features, management, and prognosis are ill-defined. METHODS: We review 101 previously published cases and report 16 cases occurring at our institutions between 2006 and 2018. RESULTS: Most patients presented with fever (60%) and back or neck pain (86%). Radiation into the hip, buttock, or limb was present in 34%...

REVIEW: A common chronic health problem among Saudi Arabians is diabetes mellitus (DM). One of the most serious complications of diabetes is diabetic foot (DMF). AIM: The objective of this study was to identify the most common complications that develop among patients with DMF. In addition, we conducted a demographic analysis of chronic diabetic complications related to DMF. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study involved 100 DMF attending the Jeddah clinic of Dr Soliman Fakeeh Hospital...

BACKGROUND: Vancomycin soaking of the graft during arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction has been shown to be effective in reducing the rate of postoperative infection. PURPOSE/HYPOTHESIS: The present study aimed to (1) analyze the effect of vancomycin-soaked grafts during arthroscopic anatomic reconstruction of the anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL) and the calcaneofibular ligament (CFL) on the incidence of infection and (2) evaluate the influence of infection on functional outcomes and identify the risk factors of infection...

Pseudoseptic arthritis is a rare complication of hyaluronic acid (HA) injections that often is difficult to differentiate from septic arthritis. Patients present acute pain, swelling and joint effusion normally around 24h after the second or third HA infiltration. We describe a female patient with seropositive rheumatoid arthritis and flare-ups of knee arthritis with pseudoseptic features in the past, who develops pseudoseptic arthritis of the knee following her first injection of hyaluronic acid.