hemifacial spasm，botulinum toxin

BACKGROUND: Nerve compression syndromes in the posterior cranial fossa can severely impair patients' quality of life. There is often uncertainty about the best treatment. In this article, we provide an overview of these conditions and the corresponding treatment strategies. METHODS: This review is based on pertinent publications retrieved by a selective search in PubMed and on a scientific analysis of the authors' patient collective. RESULTS: These syndromes are caused by compression of a cranial nerve by an artery or vein at the zone of the nerve's entry to or exit from the brainstem...

Objective: To explore the efficacy of botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) therapy in relieving anxiety and depression in patients with hemifacial spasm (HFS) and benign essential blepharospasm (BEB). Patients and method: Ninety idiopathic HFS patients and 90 BEB patients were enrolled. The anxiety and depression status were evaluated by self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) and self-rating depression scale (SDS), respectively, before and after the injection of BTX-A. Results: Before treatment, the SAS and SDS scores of HFS patients were 41...

We present a case of a 55-year-old lady with intermittent twitching of the left side of her face, involving her left eyelid and the angle of the mouth, ongoing for two years. She failed multiple trials of botulinum toxin injections as well as oral anti-spasmodic medications. The patient was diagnosed with an ectatic left vertebral artery, causing a compression of cranial nerve VII on the same side on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain. She underwent neurosurgery with a microvascular decompression of the ectatic artery with a resolution of hemifacial spasms...

OBJECTIVES: To determine whether serum levels of anti-acetylcholine receptor antibody (anti-AChR-Abs) are related to clinical parameters of blepharospasm (BSP). METHODS: Eighty-three adults with BSP, 60 outpatients with hemifacial spasm (HFS) and 58 controls were recruited. Personal history, demographic factors, response to botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) and other neurological conditions were recorded. Anti-AChR-Abs levels were quantified using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay...

Hemifacial spasm (HFS) is a chronic disease that is characterized by involuntary tonic and clonic contractions of the muscles innervated by the ipsilateral facial nerve. Botulinum toxin (BTX) is the most effective medical treatment of this condition. The aim of our study was to evaluate stigma among patients diagnosed with HFS and to search quality of life and depression before and after BTX injection. Seven self-rating items (HFS-7) and seven questions related to stigmatization were administered to HFS patients...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

BACKGROUND: Hemifacial spasm (HFS) is a hyperkinetic movement disorder of adults. The condition is usually primary, but may be secondary to facial nerve damage, and responds well to botulinum toxin therapy. AIM: To study the demographic and clinical features of primary and secondary HFS and assess its response to botulinum toxin therapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective study of 40 patients of primary (33) and secondary (7) HFS, who attended our botulinum toxin clinic over the last 18 months, was conducted...

Botulinum toxin (BT) is the treatment of choice for hemifacial spasm (HFS). When BT is injected into the affected side, patients may experience increased facial asymmetry. We wanted to evaluate in a prospective, randomised, placebo-controlled study whether bilateral BT injections may reduce this facial asymmetry. For this, we treated 19 HFS patients with unilateral and 24 with bilateral BT therapy using CBTX-A (Lanzhou Biological Products Institute, Lanzhou, China). BT doses on the affected side were standard doses, on the non-affected side they were one-third of those...

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to identify potential prognostic factors of hemifacial spasm (HFS) after microvascular decompression (MVD), to establish the appropriate way to tackle postprocedure symptoms and complications (PPSCs), and to find the incidence and duration of PPSCs. METHODS: Two hundred and forty-eight patients with HFS were monitored between December 2009 and December 2014. The mean follow-up duration was 24 months (range, 6-67 months). We divided patients based on their PPSC status and investigated the following factors: age, sex, spasm side, facial nerve block before MVD (botulinum toxin treatment), acupuncture before MVD, duration of HFS, hypertension, diabetes, hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection status, herpes simplex virus infection status, smoking status and alcohol use, offending vessels, Chiari malformation, electrophysiologic monitoring results, and postoperative HFS...

Primary hemifacial spasm is a hyperactive cranial nerve syndrome. The cause is always a neurovascular compression, generally at the root exit zone from the brainstem. Its curative treatment is microvascular decompression, that may be performed as a first option, or secondarily when botulinum toxin injections fail.

Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) are now among the most widely used therapeutic agents in clinical medicine with indications applied to the fields of movement disorders, pain disorders, and autonomic dysfunction. In this literature review, the efficacy and utility of BoNTs in the field of movement disorders are assessed using the criteria of the Guideline Development Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology. The literature supports a level A efficacy (established) for BoNT therapy in cervical dystonia and a level B efficacy (probably effective) for blepharospasm, hemifacial spasm, laryngeal dystonia (spasmodic dysphonia), task-specific dystonias, essential tremor, and Parkinson rest tremor...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

When used therapeutically, botulinum toxin (BT) has to be injected into its target tissues. All manufacturers warn not to do so in patients with oral anticoagulation to avoid haematoma. We wanted to study the haematoma frequency (HF) in patients with anticoagulation receiving BT therapy. 32 patients (16 females, 16 males, age 69.3 ± 10.0 years) with blepharospasm (n = 6), hemifacial spasm (n = 8), post-stroke spasticity (n = 16), and cervical dystonia (n = 2) received BT therapy (needle size 27G, post-injection tissue compression) whilst on anticoagulation (anticoagulation group, AG)...

BACKGROUND: Bilateral hemifacial spasm (BHFS) is a rare neurological syndrome whose diagnosis depends on excluding other facial dyskinesias. We present a case of BHFS along with a literature review. METHODS: A 64-year-old white, hypertense male reported involuntary left hemiface contractions in 2001 (aged 50). In 2007, right hemifacial symptoms appeared, without spasm remission during sleep. Botulinum toxin type A application produced partial temporary improvement...

The treatment of both hemifacial spasm (HFS) and blepharospasm (BEB) requires making the appropriate clinical diagnosis. Advance imaging and electrophysiologic studies are useful; however, one's clinical suspicion is paramount. The purpose of this review is to summarize current and emerging therapies for both entities. Botulinum toxin (BTX) remains the first-line therapy to treat both conditions. If chemodenervation has failed, surgery may be considered. Due to the risks associated with surgery, the benefits of this option must be carefully weighed...

Hemifacial spasm (HFS) and benign essential blepharospasm (BEB) are chronic and disabling abnormal craniofacial movements that produce involuntary eyelid twitching and closure. The efficacy and safety of botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) injections have been accepted and widely used for the treatment of HFS and BEB. However, different injection sites may influence the effectiveness, doses, and side effects. The aim of this study is to compare the efficacy, patient satisfaction, and complications of low-dose BoNT-A injections between injection at the preseptal (PS) and the pretarsal (PT) portion of the orbicularis oculi muscle...

OBJECTIVE: We examined the relationship between hemifacial spasm (HFS; a form of cranio-cervical dystonia) and chronic primary headache, including tension-type headache (TTH). We also examined whether botulinum toxin A (BoNT/A) therapy for HFS ameliorates concomitant TTH. METHODS: Fifty-one HFS patients receiving BoNT/A therapy were recruited. Patients' characteristics (including age, gender, chronic headache history, exercise habits, stiff neck, cervical spondylolysis history), stress factors, worsening/new onset of headache associated with HFS, and dose of BoNT/A were examined...

Hemifacial spasm has been previously shown to result in dry eye and ocular surface diseases. This study was performed to assess the impact of chemodenervation with botulinum toxin on clinically-relevant metrics of tears. Tear osmolarity and lipid layer thickness were measured in patients with hemifacial spasm after they achieved relief from hemifacial spasm via botulinum toxin injections. Twelve eyes of 6 patients with hemifacial spasm (2 men and 4 women; mean age 55.5 years) were assessed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and IRB approval...

BACKGROUND: The "other Babinski sign" consists in the co-contraction of the orbicularis and frontalis muscles, causing an eyebrow elevation during ipsilateral eye closure. It cannot be voluntarily reproduced. AIMS OF THE STUDY: To determine the utility of this sign in the differential diagnosis of hyperkinetic facial disorders. METHODS: The presence of the sign was assessed in consecutive patients with blepharospasm, primary hemifacial spasm or post-paralytic facial syndrome treated in a botulinum toxin outpatient clinic...

PURPOSE: Cluster headache is one of the most serious types of headache that is accompanied by autonomic parasympathetic symptoms. Its association with hemifacial spasm in the same side had been rarely reported. The aim of this report is describing a case with this association and treatment strategies. CASE REPORT: Here we report a 37-year-old female with cluster headache associated with secondary unilateral blepharospasm that was successfully treated with combination therapy including botulinum toxin injection...