Adverse reaction

BACKGROUND: Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4 inhibitors) have acquired a foothold in managing type 2 diabetes mellitus, but few concerns have arisen regarding their overall safety profile. The aim of this study is to assess the potential risk of DPP-4 inhibitors by analyzing data from the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: This is a retrospective study which explored the FAERS database till March 2023 for the collection of safety reports...

PURPOSE: To determine whether switching to contrast media based on the sharing of N-(2,3-dihydroxypropyl) carbamoyl side chain reduces the recurrence of iodinated contrast media (ICM)-associated adverse drug reactions (ADRs). MATERIALS AND METHODS: This single-center retrospective study included 2133 consecutive patients (mean age ± SD, 56.1 ± 11.4 years; male, 1052 [49.3%]) who had a history of ICM-associated ADRs and underwent contrast-enhanced CT examinations...

Post-traumatic brain injury cognitive disorder(PTBICD) is one of the common symptoms of TBI survivors, severely limiting their life and rehabilitation progress. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has been shown to modulate cognition in a non-invasive manner while there are inconsistencies in previous studies. A comprehensive systematic review of rTMS treatment in patients with PTBICD is warranted. To evaluate the efficacy and safety of rTMS + cognitive training(CT) in enhancing cognitive function among PTBICD patients...

PURPOSE: To evaluate literature evidences about the efficacy and safety of anti-angiogenesis agents plus chemoradiotherapy versus chemoradiotherapy in the treatment of locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma. METHODS: The relevant literature was systematically searched from the date of establishment to April 2023 in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese Biological Medicine, Wanfang and VIP database...

Managed aquifer recharge (MAR) is an increasingly used water management technique that enhances water availability while commonly generating water quality benefits. However, MAR activities may also trigger adverse geochemical reactions, especially during the injection of oxidant-enriched waters into reducing aquifers. Where this occurs, the environmental risks and the viability of mitigating them must be well understood. Here, we develop a rigorous approach for assessing and managing the risks from MAR-induced metal mobilization...

Transglutaminase 2 (Tgm2) plays an essential role in hepatic repair following prolonged toxic injury. During cholestatic liver injury, the intrahepatic cholangiocytes undergo dynamic tissue expansion and remodelling, referred to as ductular reaction (DR), which is crucial for liver regeneration. However, the molecular mechanisms governing the dynamics of active cells in DR are still largely unclear. Here, we generated Tgm2-knockout mice (Tgm2-/- ) and Tgm2-CreERT2 -Rosa26-mTmG flox/flox (Tgm2CreERT2 -R26T/Gf/f ) mice and performed a three-dimensional (3D) collagen gel culture of mouse hepatocytes to demonstrate how Tgm2 signalling is involved in DR to remodel intrahepatic cholangiocytes...

This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of thymosin α1 combined with XELOX in improving immune function and reducing serum tumor markers in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) after radical surgery. A total of 180 patients who underwent radical surgery for CRC were divided into two groups: an observation group ( n = 94) receiving thymosin α1 in combination with XELOX and a control group ( n = 86) receiving XELOX alone. Immune function, inflammatory factor levels, serum tumor markers, and quality of life were assessed before and after treatment...

AIM: This study aimed to summarize case reports of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) caused by piperacillin and explore their effects on human organs in real-world settings. METHOD: Case reports of piperacillin ADRs were collected by searching databases such as PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, CNKI, WanFang, and VIP from inception to December 2022. RESULTS: A total of 170 patients were ultimately included. The results revealed that ADRs caused by piperacillin were primarily associated with the entire body, followed by the blood system, skin and soft tissues, and the nervous system...

BACKGROUND: Adverse reactions induced by isoosmolar contrast medium (iodixanol) are mostly mild, with rashes and headaches being the most common. Although anaphylactic shock has been reported, no related incidents have been documented on cerebral angiography. OBJECTIVE: This article reports a serious case of anaphylactic shock possibly induced by iodixanol and provides an overview of the case report. CASE SUMMARY: A 65-year-old female with persistent headaches for nearly six months and CTA examination revealed multiple intracranial aneurysms...

Buccal lichenoid lesions (BLLs) are characterised by a unique, linear whitish striation in the buccal region and can be accompanied by ulcers, plaques, erythemas, atrophies and blisters. They are distinguished from oral lichen planus (OLP) by the association of the administration of a drug or contact with a metal. Herein, we present the case of a 42-year-old woman with underlying hypertension with amlodipine-induced BLLs. She complained of a 1-month history of right buccal whitish streaks and oral ulcers 2 months after taking amlodipine...

KEY CLINICAL MESSAGE: Ibuprofen single dose may rarely induce Stevens-Johnson Syndrome, emphasizing the vital need for heightened vigilance in healthcare and public awareness for safer medication practices. ABSTRACT: Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS) is a severe and potentially life-threatening skin disorder associated with certain medications, including ibuprofen. We present a case of a 45-year-old woman who developed SJS following a single dose of ibuprofen. Despite its rarity, this case underscores the importance of heightened vigilance in healthcare and public awareness regarding the potential risks of commonly used medications...

Sustainability of a product or device is currently primarily related to its environmental footprint. Here, a wider concept of sustainability is introduced for medical devices and their components in healthcare provision. Such devices sustain healthcare and patient wellbeing due to their quality specifications for material composition, product design and performance. The term quality must be intended in the most comprehensive term, including purity and biocompatibility of materials, device reliability, limited number of recalls and reduced risks as well as acceptability for patients...

Severe malaria is not routinely considered when evaluating a febrile patient in the postoperative setting. Common bacterial infections, along with adverse drug reactions, are the usual differential concerns. We present a case of severe malaria emerging unexpectedly eight days after routine craniotomy.

BACKGROUND: For patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis, extent of disease and completeness of cytoreductive surgery (CRS) are major prognostic factors for long-term survival. Assessment of these factors could be improved using imaging agents. Pegsitacianine is a pH-sensitive polymeric micelle conjugated to the fluorophore indocyanine green. The micelle disassembles in acidic microenvironments, such as tumors, resulting in localized fluorescence unmasking. We assessed the utility of pegsitacianine in detecting residual disease following CRS...

BACKGROUND: The use of high-frequency electric welding technology for intestinal end-to-end anastomosis holds significant promise. Past studies have focused on in vitro, and the safety and efficacy of this technology is uncertain, severely limiting the clinical application of this technology. This study investigates the impact of compression pressure, energy dosage, and duration on anastomotic quality using a homemade anastomosis device in both in vitro and in vivo settings. METHODS: Two hundred eighty intestines and 5 experimental pigs were used for in vitro and in vivo experiments, respectively...

A better understanding of automation disengagements can lead to improved safety and efficiency of automated systems. This study investigates the factors contributing to automation disengagements initiated by human operators and the automation itself by analyzing semi-structured interviews with 103 users of Tesla's Autopilot and FSD Beta. The factors leading to automation disengagements are represented by categories. In total, we identified five main categories, and thirty-five subcategories. The main categories include human operator states (5), human operator's perception of the automation (17), human operator's perception of other humans (3), the automation's perception of the human operator (3), and the automation incapability in the environment (7)...

OBJECTIVE: To explore the impact of transcranial magnetic stimulation on emotion regulation and quality of life in patients with bipolar disorder (BD) and to evaluate the effectiveness of the mental stress analyzer. METHODS: Patients with BD admitted to our hospital from August 2022 to August 2023 were retrospectively selected. For the present study, 60 patients who received drug therapy served as the control group, and the other 60 patients who received repeated transcranial stimulation on this basis served as the observation group...

OBJECTIVES: Drug shortages are of increasing concern to worldwide public health. The consequences of drug shortages for patient safety have been little studied, especially from a pharmacovigilance point of view. In this context, the network of French pharmacovigilance centres conducted the CIRUPT study (Conséquences Iatrogènes des RUPTures de stock/iatrogenic consequences of drug shortages) based on a prospective campaign of adverse effects occurring in the context of drug shortage notifications...

Based on literature and questionnaire research, related evidence and related data on Shexiang Tongxin Dropping Pills were collected in terms of safety, effectiveness, economy, innovation, suitability, and accessibility. In addition, multi-criteria decision analysis(MCDA) model was used to comprehensively evaluate the clinical value of Shexiang Tongxin Dropping Pills. Quality control was carried out strictly based on evidence-based medicine evaluation. Shexiang Tongxin Dropping Pills were recommended for stable fatigue angina of coronary heart disease with Qi deficiency and blood stasis by guidelines and experts...

This study aimed to systematically evaluate the effectiveness and safety of Tanreqing Injection in the treatment of severe pneumonia in the elderly. Eighteen randomized controlled trials(RCTs) involving 1 457 elderly patients with severe pneumonia were included in the study after conducting searches in both Chinese and English databases as well as clinical trial registration platforms. The quality of the included studies was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool. Meta-analysis were conducted using RevMan 5...