Sequelae

BACKGROUNDPersistent cough and dyspnea are prominent features of post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 (also termed 'Long COVID'); however, physiologic measures and clinical features associated with these pulmonary symptoms remain poorly defined. Using longitudinal pulmonary function testing (PFTs) and CT imaging, this study aimed to identify the characteristics and determinants of pulmonary Long COVID.METHODSThis single-center retrospective study included 1,097 patients with clinically defined Long COVID characterized by persistent pulmonary symptoms (dyspnea, cough, and chest discomfort) lasting for ≥1 month after resolution of primary COVID infection...

BACKGROUND: Toxic shock syndrome (TSS) is a rare but potentially life-threatening disease caused by superantigen-producing Gram-positive bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes. Staphylococcal TSS received special attention from 1978 to 1981, when an epidemic was observed associated with the use of hyper-absorbent tampons. Today the disease is rare and generally not related to menstruation, but can occur postpartum or in post-surgical wounds, intrauterine devices (IUDs), burns or other soft tissue injuries, mastitis or other focal infections...

Lymphatic flow abnormalities are central to the development of protein losing enteropathy, plastic bronchitis, ascites and pleural effusions in patients palliated to the Fontan circulation. These complications can occur in isolation or multicompartmental (two or more). The treatment of multicompartmental lymphatic failure aims at improving thoracic duct drainage. Re-routing the innominate vein to the pulmonary venous atrium decompresses the thoracic duct, as atrial pressure is lower than systemic venous pressure in Fontan circulation...

Our goal was to determine the cellular immune response (CIR) in a sample of the Borriana COVID-19 cohort (Spain) to identify associated factors and their relationship with infection, reinfection and sequelae. We conducted a nested case-control study using a randomly selected sample of 225 individuals aged 18 and older, including 36 individuals naïve to the SARS-CoV-2 infection and 189 infected patients. We employed flow-cytometry-based immunoassays for intracellular cytokine staining, using Wuhan and BA...

Previously considered a skin disease exclusively affecting adolescents, characterized by inflammatory and non-inflammatory skin lesions, acne vulgaris is now increasingly observed in adult life, including post-menopause. Today, adult female acne (AFA) is a common chronic inflammatory disease of the pilosebaceous unit, with polymorphic lesions presenting as open or closed comedones, papules, pustules, and even nodules or cysts, often with the presence of sequelae. AFA may persist from adolescence or manifest de novo in adulthood...

Bupropion is an atypical antidepressant prescribed for depression and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and to aid in smoking cessation. Bupropion overdose management is largely aimed toward common sequelae, including seizures, tachycardia, and QTc prolongation. In this case report, we identify a rare event of pediatric bupropion overdose with aforementioned common sequela and atypical features, including a delayed presentation of serotonin syndrome and non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema. This case follows a seven-year-old Caucasian female with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) who presented in status epilepticus following an accidental bupropion overdose and required multiple anti-seizure medications, endotracheal intubation, and admission to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU)...

OBJECTIVE: Emotional and behavioral dyscontrol (EBD), a neuropsychiatric complication of stroke, leads to patient and caregiver distress and challenges to rehabilitation. Studies of neuropsychiatric sequelae in stroke are heavily weighted toward ischemic stroke. This study was designed to compare risk of EBD following intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and to identify risk factors for EBD following hemorrhagic stroke. METHODS: The authors conducted a prospective cohort study of patients hospitalized for nontraumatic hemorrhagic stroke between 2015 and 2021...

A caregiver's capacity to mentalize is thought to be one of the most important features of secure parent-child relationships. Parental mentalizing can be measured using the Reflective Functioning (RF) coding system applied to the Parent Development Interview (PDI). In this narrative review, we summarize the research using this measure and synthesize what has been learnt about the predictors, correlates and sequelae of parental RF. Studies have consistently shown that PRF on the PDI is associated with both parent and child attachment and is an important factor in the intergenerational transmission of attachment...

INTRODUCTION: Ocrelizumab is an approved intravenously administered anti-CD20 antibody for multiple sclerosis (MS). The safety profile and patient preference for conventional versus shorter ocrelizumab infusions were investigated in the ENSEMBLE PLUS study. METHODS: ENSEMBLE PLUS was a randomized, double-blind substudy to the single-arm ENSEMBLE study (NCT03085810), comparing outcomes in patients with early-stage relapsing-remitting MS receiving ocrelizumab 600 mg over the approved 3...

A man in his 30s presented to the emergency department with a history of injury to the face with a crowbar. He was discharged from the department, in the absence of any facial bone fractures and given normal examination findings, except for a puncture wound on the mentum. The patient then re-presented within 24 hours with extensive cervical emphysema extending into the mediastinal cavity.He was referred to ear, nose and throat team for further management. CT scan of the chest and neck showed extensive surgical emphysema and a pneumomediastinum...

Parechovirus A (PeV-A) infections have been detected with increasing frequency in US infants under 6 months of age, leading to a Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) health advisory in July 2022. Clinicians are advised to consider PeV-A laboratory testing of blood and cerebrospinal fluid when infants present with unexplained fever, sepsis-like illness, or neurological issues. Clinical laboratories are encouraged to offer in-house molecular testing for PeV-A to avoid diagnostic delays, unnecessary use of antibiotics, and prolonged hospitalization of infants presenting with sepsis-like illness...

BACKGROUND: Productivity costs of STIs reflect the value of lost time due to STI morbidity and mortality, including time spent travelling to, waiting for, and receiving STI treatment. The purpose of this study was to provide updated estimates of the average lifetime productivity cost for chlamydia, gonorrhea, and syphilis, per incident infection. METHODS: We adapted published decision tree models from recent studies of the lifetime medical costs of chlamydia, gonorrhea, and syphilis in the United States...

The Minnesota Longitudinal Study of Risk and Adaptation (MLSRA) is a landmark prospective, longitudinal study of human development focused on a sample of mothers experiencing poverty and their firstborn children. Although the MLSRA pioneered a number of important topics in the area of social and emotional development, it began with the more specific goal of examining the antecedents of child maltreatment. From that foundation and for more than 40 years, the study has produced a significant body of research on the origins, sequelae, and measurement of childhood abuse and neglect...

Brain fog is one of the most well-known sequelae of long COVID. It causes cognitive problems, mostly short-term memory disturbances, attention impairments, and problems with concentration. Although trials for treatment methods for brain fog have been carried out worldwide, effective methods have not yet been reported. Neurofeedback is effective for several common disorders and symptoms, including anxiety, depression, headaches, and pain. Neurofeedback is also reported to improve cognitive functions, such as processing speed and executive functions, including attention, planning, organization, problem-solving, and performance...

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, commonly known as COVID-19, has been associated with various neurological complications. However, the mechanisms underlying these neurological manifestations remain incompletely understood. We present a case of a 63-year-old male who was admitted to the intensive care unit with severe COVID-19 pneumonia. Following recovery from respiratory symptoms, he was found to have weakness in the limbs. Months later, he also developed altered mental status, hallucinations, and behavioral changes...

The low fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols (FODMAP) diet, designed to alleviate symptoms in individuals with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), focuses on limiting the consumption of poorly absorbed fermentable carbohydrates known as FODMAP. These FODMAP are believed to be the primary triggers for food-related gastrointestinal symptoms in functional gastrointestinal disorders. However, there is currently insufficient direct evidence investigating the role of low FODMAP diets in cancer patients undergoing treatment...

UNLABELLED: A 34-year-old man with a history of Kawasaki disease had been experiencing chest pain at rest since middle school. Multidetector-row computed tomography showed no aneurysm formation; however, the right coronary artery had an anomalous origin with moderate stenosis. Invasive coronary angiography revealed moderate right coronary artery stenosis with a fractional flow reserve of 0.97. Finally, with a positive acetylcholine provocation test and elevated index of microvascular resistance, the patient was diagnosed with microvascular and epicardial vasospastic angina in the endotypes of ischemia with nonobstructive coronary arteries...

BACKGROUND: High-Grade Gliomas are the most common primary brain malignancies and despite the multimodal treatment, and the increasing amount of adjuvant treatment options the overall prognosis remains dismal. The present investigation aims to analyze the safety profile of the use of intraoperative ultrasounds (Io-US) in a homogeneous and matched cohort of patients suffering from High-grade gliomas (HGG) operated on with or without the aid of Io-US and Fluorescein in specific relation to the incidence of neurological and functional status sequelae...

INTRODUCTION: Gastric cancer (GC) is the third largest cause of cancer-related death worldwide, with major geographic disparities in incidence and outcomes. Sociodemographic indicators, food habits, and genetic predispositions all add to the load. Despite advances in systemic treatments, peritoneal metastasis remains a concern, with intraperitoneal chemotherapy (IPC) emerging as a promising treatment option. METHODS: A prospective cohort research was done, with 30 GC patients receiving cytoreductive surgery (CRS) followed by lobaplatin-based intraoperative chemotherapy...

INTRODUCTION: Survival in paediatric patients with Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) has increased over the last decades. However, these patients are at increased risk of developing late thyroid sequelae due to the treatment with irradiation and alkylating agents. METHODS: We conducted an observational and retrospective study in patients with a diagnosis of HL between 2007 and 2022, in a hospital that is a paediatric oncology reference centre, through the review of electronic health records...