Molybdenum

This density functional theory (DFT) study explores the efficacy of cooperative catalytic systems in enabling the ionic hydrogenation of N2 with H2 , leading to NH3 formation. A set of N-heterocyclic carbene-based pincer tungsten/molybdenum metal complexes of the form [(PCP)M1 (H)2 ] (M1 = W/Mo) were chosen to bind N2 at the respective metal centres. Simultaneously, cationic rhodium/iridium complexes of type [Cp*M2 {2-(2-pyridyl)phenyl}(CH3 CN)]+ (Cp* = C5 (CH3 )5 and M2 = Rh/Ir), are employed as cooperative coordination partners for heterolytic H2 splitting...

The optical response of layered transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) exhibits remarkable excitonic properties which are important from both fundamental and device application viewpoints. One of these phenomena is the observation of intralayer/interlayer excitons. While much effort has been done to characterize excitons in monolayer TMDCs and their heterostructures, a quite limited number of works have addressed the exciton spectra of their bulk counterparts. In this work, we employ ab initio many-body perturbation calculations to investigate the exciton dynamics and spectra of bulk 2H-MX2 (M = Mo, W, and X = S, Se)...

Two-dimensional covalent organic frameworks (2D COFs), featuring a large surface area and 1D pore structure, serve as promising scaffolds for anchoring functional guest compounds, which can significantly enhance their performance and thus expand their potential applications. Postsynthetic strategy for COFs functionalization is versatile but challenging because of their tedious procedure with high time and energy consumption, generation of excess reaction waste, and damage to COF crystallinity. We report in this work a general strategy for the synthesis of inorganic nanocompound-functionalized COF composites in a one-pot way...

WHAT IS ALREADY KNOWN ABOUT THIS TOPIC?: The level of molybdenum (Mo) in a mother's urine has been linked to the growth rate of the fetus and the blood pressure levels in children. WHAT IS ADDED BY THIS REPORT?: We evaluated the variations in maternal plasma Mo concentrations throughout pregnancy and their potential association with the risk of spontaneous preterm birth (SPB). WHAT ARE THE IMPLICATIONS FOR PUBLIC HEALTH PRACTICE?: Future research must determine the Mo levels in pregnant women across various regions in China...

Two-dimensional polymorphic transition-metal dichalcogenides have drawn attention for their diverse applications. This work explores the complex interplay between strain-induced phase transformation and crack growth behavior in annealed nanocrystalline MoS2 . Employing molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, this research focuses on the effect of grain size, misorientation, and annealing on phase evolution and their effects on the mechanical behavior of MoS2 . First, examining phase transformation in monocrystalline MoS2 under various stress states reveals distinct behaviors depending on the initial phase (1T or 2H) and crystallographic orientation with respect to loading directions...

Molybdenum cofactor (Moco) biosynthesis is a complex process that involves the coordinated function of several proteins. In the recent years it has become evident that the availability of FeS clusters play an important role for the biosynthesis of Moco. First, the MoaA protein binds two [4Fe-4S] clusters per monomer. Second, the expression of the moaABCDE and moeAB operons is regulated by FNR, which senses the availability of oxygen via a functional [4Fe4S] cluster. Finally, the conversion of cyclic pyranopterin monophosphate to molybdopterin requires the availability of the L-cysteine desulfurase IscS, which is an enzyme involved in the transfer of sulfur to various acceptor proteins with a main role in the assembly of FeS clusters...

Cobalt-chromium-molybdenum (CoCrMo) alloys are common wear-exposed biomedical alloys and are manufactured in multiple ways, increasingly using additive manufacturing processes such as laser powder bed fusion (LPBF). Here, we investigate the effect of proteins and the manufacturing process (wrought vs LPBF) and building orientation (LPBF- XY and XZ ) on the corrosion, metal release, tribocorrosion, and surface oxide composition by means of electrochemical, mechanical, microscopic, diffractive, and spectroscopic methods...

Elimination of tiny oil droplets nearly miscible with wastewater can be realized using membrane technology through ultrafiltration. The novelty of this work was to blend different phases of molybdenum disulfide (MoS2 ) in isotropic polyethersulfone (PES). We prepared isotropic PES membranes by optimizing nonsolvent vapour-induced phase separation (VIPS). Membranes were blended with MoS2 nanosheets of different phases to promote separation performance and antifouling resistance. FE-SEM revealed the flower-like surface morphology of MoS2 nanosheets...

The industrially important transition metal tungsten (W) shares certain chemical properties with the essential plant micronutrient molybdenum and inhibits the activity of molybdoenzymes such as nitrate reductase, impacting plant growth. Furthermore, tungsten appears to interfere with metabolic processes on a much wider scale and to trigger common heavy metal stress response mechanisms. We have previously found evidence that the tungsten stress response of soybeans ( Glycine max ) grown with symbiotically associated N2 -fixing rhizobia ( Bradyrhizobium japonicum ) differs from that observed in nitrogen-fertilized soy plants...

Sulfite intoxication is the hallmark of four ultrarare disorders that are caused by impaired sulfite oxidase activity due to genetic defects in the synthesis of the molybdenum cofactor or of the apoenzyme sulfite oxidase. Delays on the diagnosis of these disorders are common and have been caused by their unspecific presentation of acute neonatal encephalopathy with high early mortality, followed by the evolution of dystonic cerebral palsy and also by the lack of easily available and reliable diagnostic tests...

Non-oxidative methane dehydro-aromatization reaction can co-produce hydrogen and benzene effectively on a molybdenum-zeolite based thermochemical catalyst, which is a very promising approach for natural-gas upgrading. However, the low methane conversion and aromatics selectivity and weak durability restrain the realistic application for industry. Here, a mechanism for enhancing catalysis activity on methane activation and carbon-carbon bond coupling has been found to promote conversion and selectivity simultaneously by adding platinum-bismuth alloy cluster to form a trimetallic catalyst on zeolite (Pt-Bi/Mo/ZSM-5)...

Green-synthesized metal oxide nanoparticles have garnered considerable attention due to their simple, sustainable, and eco-friendly attributes, coupled with their diverse applications in biomedicine and environmental context. The current study shows a sustainable approach for synthesizing molybdenum oxide nanoparticles (MoONPs) utilizing an extract from Anabaena sp. A-1. This novel approach marks a significant milestone as various spectral approaches were employed for characterization of the green-synthesized MoONPs...

In this study, the multifaceted toxicity induced by high doses of the essential trace element molybdenum in Allium cepa L. was investigated. Germination, root elongation, weight gain, mitotic index (MI), micronucleus (MN), chromosomal abnormalities (CAs), Comet assay, malondialdehyde (MDA), proline, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and anatomical parameters were used as biomarkers of toxicity. In addition, detailed correlation and PCA analyzes were performed for all parameters discussed. On the other hand, this study focused on the development of a two hidden layer deep neural network (DNN) using Matlab...

In this work, we report a supercapacitor electrode material based on nano-flower like cobalt molybdate decorated on porous activated carbon derived from waste onion peels (β-CoMoO4 -POAC). The obtained porous activated carbon derived from onion peels (POAC), exhibits highly porous structure and after the hydrothermal treatment with salts of cobalt and molybdenum, we observed a uniform distribution of β-cobalt molybdate (β-CoMoO4 ) as nano-flowers on the surface of POAC. The chemical composition, morphology and porosity of the materials were thoroughly analyzed using field emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy and Brunauer-Emmet-Teller surface area measurement...

Improving the efficiency of overall water splitting (OWS) is crucial due to the slow four-electron transfer process in the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). The coupling of the thermodynamically favorable hydrazine oxidation reaction (HzOR) with the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) significantly boosts hydrogen production. A Ru-decorated MoNi/MoO2 micropillar (Ru-MoNi/MoO2 ) has been synthesized using a hydrothermal followed by reduction annealing. Benefiting from Ru moderating the active interface of Mo-based alloys/oxides and the unique one-dimensional micropillar morphology...

Rapid and sensitive detection of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is of great significance for cancer patients. Here, molybdenum (Mo) was doped into bismuth oxide (Bi2 O3 ) by one-pot hydrothermal method forming porous tremella Bi2 MoO6 nanocomposites with a larger specific surface area than the spherical structure. Then, a new kind of hydrangea-like TiO2 /Bi2 MoO6 porous nanoflowers (NFs) was prepared by doping titanium into Bi2 MoO6 , where titanium dioxide (TiO2 ) grew in situ on the surface of Bi2 MoO6 nanoparticles (NPs)...

Many studies suggest a significant association between individual essential trace elements (ETEs) and cognitive impairment in older adults, but evidence of the synchronized effect of multiple ETEs on cognitive function is lacking. We investigated the association between multiple ETEs, cognitive impairment with no dementia (CIND), and executive function in older Korean adults, using the Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) model. Three hundred and thirty-six older adults were included as the study population and classified as the CIND and control groups...

This investigation focuses on the Goos-Hänchen (GH) and Imbert-Fedorov (IF) shifts on the surface of the uniaxial hyperbolic material hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) based on the biaxial hyperbolic material alpha-molybdenum (α-MoO3 ) trioxide structure, where the anisotropic axis of hBN is rotated by an angle with respect to the incident plane. The surface with the highest degree of anisotropy among the two crystals is selected in order to analyze and calculate the GH- and IF-shifts of the system, and obtain the complex beam-shift spectra...

This study focuses on the hole transport layer of molybdenum trioxide (MoO3 ) for inverted bulk heterojunction (BHJ) organic photovoltaics (OPVs), which were fabricated using a combination of a spray coating and low-temperature annealing process as an alternative to the thermal evaporation process. To achieve a good coating quality of the sprayed film, the solvent used for solution-processed MoO3 (S-MoO3 ) should be well prepared. Isopropanol (IPA) is added to the as-prepared S-MoO3 solution to control its concentration...

The sluggish kinetics of Fe2+ regeneration seriously hinders the performance of Fenton process. However, the conventional Fenton system excessively stifle hydrogen-producing reactions, ignoring the significance of active hydrogen (H*) in Fe3+ reduction. Herein, a strategy of H* modulation is developed by decorating molybdenum disulfide (MoS2 ) on a graphite felt (GF) cathode to boost Fe2+ regeneration in solar-driven electro-Fenton (SEF) process. With MoS2 regulation, moderately dispersed MoS2 on GF can serve as a bifunctional cathode, where the H* and hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) are simultaneously generated through H+ reduction and O2 reduction, respectively...