Blended tube feeds

BACKGROUND: Adults and children who are enterally tube-fed can experience adverse gastrointestinal symptoms (GIS). Observational data suggests blended diets could mitigate such symptoms, with potential to improve quality of life and clinical outcomes. We present a novel systematic review examining the impact of blended diets, compared to commercial feeds, on GIS of adults and children who are tube-fed. METHODS: The protocol was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42021261147)...

OBJECTIVES: This joint position paper of the Committees of Allied Health Professionals (CAHP) and Nutrition (CON) of the European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (ESPGHAN) provides a comprehensive guide for health professionals to manage blended diets in children via gastrostomy tubes. METHODS: A systematic literature search was performed from 1992 to 2021 using Pubmed, MEDLINE and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews and recent guidelines reviewed...

Purpose: During the last few years, there has been an observed increase in the demand for blenderized tube feeding (BTF) in the outpatient setting among the caregivers of children suffering from chronic illnesses. This study aimed to assess the clinical and biochemical effect of BTF on children's general health and determine the psychosocial effect of this feeding type on their families. Patients and Methods: This monocenter, retrospective study was conducted at the pediatric department of Rouen Hospital, France, and included ten children receiving a blended diet via enteral feeding tubes...

Blenderised tube feeds (BTF) have become a popular alternative to commercial formula (CF) for enterally fed children. This study sought to compare gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms, GI inflammation, and stool microbiome composition between children receiving BTF or CF. This prospective cohort study involved 41 gastrostomy-fed children, aged 2-18 years, receiving either BTF ( n = 21) or CF ( n = 20). The Paediatric Quality of Life Inventory Gastrointestinal Symptoms Scale (GI-PedsQL) was used to compare GI symptoms between the groups...

Parasitoids are known to exploit volatile cues emitted by plants after herbivore attack to locate their hosts. Feeding and oviposition of a polyphagous herbivore can induce the emission of odor blends that differ among distant plant species, and parasitoids have evolved an incredible ability to discriminate them and locate their hosts relying on olfactive cues. We evaluated the host searching behavior of the egg parasitoid Cosmocomoidea annulicornis (Ogloblin) (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) in response to odors emitted by two taxonomically distant host plants, citrus and Johnson grass, after infestation by the sharpshooter Tapajosa rubromarginata (Signoret) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), vector of Citrus Variegated Chlorosis...

BACKGROUND: Due to advances in medical care, including nutrition and hydration, children with neurological impairment are surviving longer. Many of these children are fed using a commercial formula via an enteral feeding tube. However, families are now becoming more interested in administering blended diet via their child's gastrostomy in a bid to reduce often significant gastrointestinal symptoms including reflux, constipation, gagging and retching post fundoplication. AIMS: To describe the process undertaken by the authors' short-life working group to create safe, robust pathways to enable children to have access to blended diet while in the acute hospital setting...

Modulen IBD is an enteral liquid diet that can induce remission rates similar to glucocorticoids in children with inflammatory bowel disease. The Modulen IBD liquid diet has not been previously investigated in dogs. Our study aimed to describe the use of the Modulen IBD liquid diet in hospitalized dogs with inflammatory protein-losing enteropathy (PLE), including its tolerance and effects on appetite and gastrointestinal signs, and laboratory parameters during hospitalization. Of the 14 dogs hospitalized for PLE that had an esophagostomy feeding tube placed at the time of endoscopy, 5 were eligible and prospectively enrolled...

BACKGROUND: Nutrient acquisition and allocation integrate foraging and life-history traits in insects. To compensate for the lack of a particular nutrient at different life stages, insects may acquire these through supplementary feeding, for example, on vertebrate secretions, in a process known as puddling. The mosquito Anopheles arabiensis emerges undernourished, and as such, requires nutrients for both metabolism and reproduction. The purpose of this study was to assess whether An. arabiensis engage in puddling on cattle urine to obtain nutrients to improve life history traits...

Blenderized tube feeding (BTF) refers to formula composed of whole foods and purees, blended to a consistency that can be administered through an enteral feeding device. BTFs have a higher viscosity than conventional enteral formulas and may be mixed with extra liquid to aid in administration via an enteral feeding device. This study compared changes in viscosity of commercially available BTF s when stirred, shaken, or blenderized. The International Dysphagia Diet Standardisation Initiative flow test was used to provide an objective level of viscosity...

BACKGROUND: The use of homemade tube feeding formula has become increasingly popular for children requiring enteral nutrition. This project aimed to investigate nutrition and preparation of blenderized tube feeding in the field of children and adolescents with neurological impairment. METHODS: A scoping review was performed using established methodologies. In January 2021, we searched PubMed, Embase, CINAHL Complete, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and gray literature to identify relevant articles...

OBJECTIVES: Parents of children with medical complexity are often expected to implement complicated plans of care, such as enteral tube feeding, to support the health of their child. Enteral feeding can have psychosocial implications for the parent, child, and family. Blenderized tube feeding (BTF) refers to the administration of pureed food and drinks through a feeding tube. Little is known regarding parents' experiences with BTF. Therefore, the purpose of this qualitative study was to understand the lived experience of BTF from the parent's perspective...

BACKGROUND: There is little published data on how to prepare probiotic supplements for enteral delivery in the NICU. The objective of this study was to determine how a three-strain probiotic blend (Bb-02, TH-4® and BB-12®) would behave when mixed and held for 4 hours with saline water, sterile water, dextrose 5% in water (D5W), 24 kcal preterm formula, and human milk. METHODS: A packet of a three-strain probiotic supplement was mixed with 3 mL of saline water, sterile water, D5W, 24 kcal preterm formula, and human milk (tested at 3 mL and 2 mL)...

BACKGROUND: Enteral tube feeding intolerances, such as diarrhea, are commonly reported in children. In the pediatric population, interest is growing in the use of blended diets for the management of enteral feeding intolerances. Fiber within a blended diet stimulates the growth of beneficial gut bacteria, which in turn produce short-chain fatty acids, which are utilized as energy substrates for enterocytes. Enteral formula manufacturers have responded to this trend towards "real-food" blended diets and developed an enteral formula with food-derived ingredients...

BACKGROUND: The effectiveness of home enteral nutrition depends on the supply and delivery of the prescribed nutrients. This study compared the macronutrient and energy values of home-prepared enteral tube feeding analyzed in the laboratory with the same information calculated from labels and food composition tables. METHODS: A total of 107 enteral formulations were analyzed: 66 commercial enteral formulas (CEFs), 19 homemade enteral preparations, and 22 blended enteral preparations (BEPs)...

Background : Advances in medical technology have resulted in changes to enteral tube feeding (ETF). Standard practice in the UK is to use commercial formula for ETF via the stomach or small intestine; however, blended diets are becoming increasingly popular. Emerging evidence shows benefits of a blended diet although evidence informing clinical guidance is sparse. Consequently, there is disparity in practice, and it remains unclear which patient groups may benefit most from a blended diet. Aim : To demonstrate the initiation of a blended diet in clinical practice...

Blenderised tube feeding (BTF) has become an increasingly popular method of nutrition support to long-term tube-fed patients mostly children. This study surveyed perceptions and experiences on BTF shared on YouTube. From 71 videos analysed, attitudes toward BTF were mostly positive (91%) and included psychosocial benefits and improvements in gastrointestinal symptoms; no differences between caregivers and healthcare professionals were observed. Very few speakers (8%) felt there was a lack of support regarding use of BTF in schools and from healthcare professionals, since it is not part of the standard clinical management protocols...

Herbivore-induced plant volatiles constitute the first indicators of insect host presence, and these can affect the foraging behavior of their natural enemies. The density of insect hosts may affect the nature and concentration of these plant-induced volatiles. We tested the impact of infestation density (low, intermediate, and high) of the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum (Homoptera: Aphididae), feeding on the broad bean Vicia faba , on the attractiveness of the parasitoid Aphidius ervi (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), using a Y-tube olfactometer (infested vs...

OBJECTIVES: To determine the impact of free water administration on clinical outcomes in medically complex patients, based on the hypothesis that patients receiving more thin liquids have worse outcomes related to increased risk of gastroesophageal reflux. METHODS: This was a retrospective chart review of children initiated on commercial blenderized tube feedings from 2010 to 2019. The percentage of gastrostomy intake that was a thin liquid was determined, with thin liquids including free water or thin formula based on the International Dysphagia Diet Standardization Initiative (IDDSI) framework...

OBJECTIVE: To analyze scientific evidence on the use of blenderized tube feeding in children regarding nutritional composition, family satisfaction, and health outcomes. DATA SOURCE: Survey was conducted in the PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Virtual Health Library (VHL) databases using the following search terms: blenderized tube feeding OR blended tube feeding OR homemade OR pureed AND enteral nutrition AND enteral tube. The methodological quality of the selected articles was evaluated using the Critical Appraisal Skill Programme and Hierarchical Classification of Evidence...

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of essential oils (OEO; XEO) and an emulsifier on rumen fermentation, anti-oxidative status, and the growth performance of lambs. A finishing study was conducted using 35 females and 35 males Suffolk × Canadian Arcott crossbreed lambs, fed a 16:84 forage:concentrate pelleted barley-based with either Control; Bovatec (0.018% Bovatec); Emulsifier (0.25% of Emulsifier); OEO (0.11% of blend 1); XEO (0.0125% of blend 2); OEO + Emulsifier; or XEO + Emulsifier. The rumen fluid of all lambs was sampled via stomach tubing to measure ruminal pH, volatile fatty acid (VFA), and NH3 concentrations and enumerate protozoa...