Lutheran blood group system

Background: Lutheran and Dombrock are two blood group systems with low immunogenic antigens; they can cause mild-to-moderate transfusion reactions. For both, immunophenotyping is not performed in the pretransfusion routine in Brazil. In addition, the distribution of their antigenic frequencies is an important marker of ethnicity. Thus, the goal of this study was to carry out the genotyping of the LU*01 , LU*02 , DO*01 and DO*02 alleles of the Lutheran and Dombrock blood group systems in blood donors from the southwestern region of the state of Paraná, Southern Brazil...

BACKGROUND: PCR with sequence-specific priming using allele-specific fluorescent primers and analysis on a capillary sequencer is a standard technique for DNA typing. We aimed to adapt this method for donor typing in a medium-throughput setting. METHODS: Using the Extract-N-Amp PCR system, we devised a set of eight multiplex allele-specific PCR with fluorescent primers for Fya /Fyb , Jka /Jkb , M/N, and S/s. The alleles of a gene were discriminated by the fluorescent color; donor and polymorphism investigated were encoded by product length...

BACKGROUND: Extended phenotyping is one of the important method of reducing red cell alloimmunisation. Extended phenotyping of red cells from voluntary donors have many uses in addition to its application in population genetics. As there was very little data extended phenotyping on a cohort of Indian Voluntary blood donors this project was undertaken. STUDY DESIGN & METHODOLOGY: 200 regular voluntary blood donors having 'O' blood group were included for red cell antigen typing of Rh (D,C,E,c,e), Kell (K, k, Kpa , Kpb ), Duffy (Fya , Fyb ), Kidd (Jka , Jkb ), Lewis(Lea , Leb ), P(P1), MNS (M, N,S,s), and Lutheran (Lua , Lub ), Colton (Coa , Cob ), Diago (Diaa , Wra ), Vw and Xga antigens using conventional antisera provided by DIAGAST...

BACKGROUND: Investigation of erythrocyte antigens in New World monkeys, especially in the Brazilian ones, is scant and incomplete. METHODS: Determining the presence of 29 erythrocyte antigens from 11 human blood group systems (ABO, H, Rh, Kell, Duffy, Kidd, Lewis, P, MNS, Lutheran and Diego) on erythrocytes in nine Capuchin monkeys (Sapajus sp.). RESULTS: A majority (20 of 29) of human erythrocyte antigens were not found in this monkey genus...

OBJECTIVES: Thirty-six blood group systems are listed by the International Society of Blood Transfusion, containing almost 350 antigens. Most of these result from a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP). Serology is the standard method for blood group typing. However, this technique has some limitations and cannot respond to the growing demand of blood product typing for a large number of antigens. Here we describe a blood group genotyping assay directly from whole blood samples using Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS), allowing the simultaneous identification of 15 SNPs associated with the blood group systems of 95 patients in a single run...

Dithiothreitol (DTT), a reducing reagent, has multiple applications in blood bank testing. DTT disrupts the bridging of the disulfide bonds between amino acid residues necessary for structural conformation of some proteins and the bonds holding an IgM molecule in the pentameric formation. DTT treatment of red blood cells (RBCs) can denature or modify certain blood group antigens-in particular, those in the Kell, Lutheran, YT, JMH, LW, Cromer, Indian, Dombrock, and Knops systems-and prevent recognition by the corresponding antibodies...

BACKGROUND: In(Lu) is characterized by a reduced expression of antigens in the Lutheran blood group system as well as other blood group antigens. Mutations of the erythroid transcription factor, KLF1, have been reported to cause the In(Lu) phenotype, and we investigated Japanese In(Lu) to estimate the prevalence of the phenotype and KLF1 polymorphism. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Blood samples were screened by monoclonal anti-CD44 and the In(Lu) phenotype was confirmed by tube tests including adsorption and elution tests using anti-Lua and anti-Lub ...

Transcription factor EKLF (Erythroid Krüppel-Like Factor) belongs to the group of Krüppellike factors, which regulate proliferation, differentiation, development and apoptosis of mammalian cells. EKLF factor is present in erythroid cells, where it participates in regulation of hematopoiesis, expression of genes encoding transmembrane proteins (including blood group antigens), and heme biosynthesis enzymes. It is also a key factor in downregulation of γ-globins and activation of β-globin gene expression...

BACKGROUND AND STUDY OBJECTIVES: Blood transfusion is central in the prevention and treatment of certain chronic complications of sickle cell disease. It is indispensible in correcting anaemias as well as in the practice of exchange blood transfusion. These gains are largely limited by formation of allo-antibodies. Several studies demonstrated varying frequencies of allo-immunization in various patient groups. The effect of the racial differences between the donor and recipient pool, which has been subsumed in this study, has continuously created a confounding effect on the results of previous studies...

BACKGROUND: Accurate survival stratification in early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) could inform the use of adjuvant therapy. We developed a clinically implementable mortality risk score incorporating distinct tumor microenvironmental gene expression signatures and clinical variables. METHODS: Gene expression profiles from 1106 nonsquamous NSCLCs were used for generation and internal validation of a nine-gene molecular prognostic index (MPI). A quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assay was developed and validated on an independent cohort of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues (n = 98)...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Although minor erythrocyte antigens are not considered clinically significant in sporadic transfusions, they may be relevant for multi-transfusion patients. When serological assay is not conceivable, molecular genotyping allows predicting the red blood cell phenotype, extending the typing until minor blood groups. The aim of this study was to evaluate the utility of blood group genotyping and compare the molecular typing of erythrocyte antigens with the established serological methods...

Single-cell force spectroscopy (SCFS), an atomic force microscopy (AFM)-based assay, enables quantitative study of cell adhesion while maintaining the native state of surface receptors in physiological conditions. Human healthy and pathological red blood cells (RBCs) express a large number of surface proteins which mediate cell-cell interactions, or cell adhesion to the extracellular matrix. In particular, RBCs adhere with high affinity to subendothelial matrix laminin via the basal cell adhesion molecule and Lutheran protein (BCAM/Lu)...

Life-long red blood cell (RBC) transfusions remain the main treatment for severe thalassemia. We hereby report a case of anti S and anti Lu(a) in a β-thalassemia major patient detected incidentally on antibody screening. The patient was a known case of β-thalassemia major and was on regular blood transfusion every 3 weeks from the institute from the age of 6 months. Subsequently, on one occasion, patient's crossmatch was compatible despite positive antibody screen using microcolumn gel technique. Autocontrol and direct antiglobulin test were negative on microcolumn gel...

Lutheran (Lu), an immunoglobulin superfamily transmembrane receptor, is also known as basal cell adhesion molecule (B-CAM). Lu/B-CAM is a specific receptor for laminin α5, a subunit of laminin-511 (LM-511) that is a major component of basement membranes in various tissues. Our previous study showed that Lu/B-CAM was cleaved by MT1-MMP and released from cell surfaces. In this study we examined the soluble Lu/B-CAM in culture media and in plasma of mice bearing HuH-7 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells and patients with HCC...

OBJECTIVE: To study the frequency of rare blood group Lu(a-b-) phenotype in a population from Shanghai region, and to explore the molecular basis of Lu(a-b-) by detecting the Lu and Lu relative mediator gene EKLF/KLF1. METHODS: Donors from Shanghai region were screened for Lutheran blood group by monoclonal anti-Lub using serological methods. Individuals with Lu(b-) were determined Lua, P1 and i antigens. Fifteen exons of the LU gene and 3 exons of the EKLF/KLF1 gene for the identified Lu(a-b-) samples were amplified and sequenced...

BACKGROUND: This is the first study on phenotype frequencies of various blood group systems in blood donors of south Gujarat, India using conventional tube technique. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 115 "O" blood group donors from three different blood banks of south Gujarat were typed for D, C, c, E, e, K, Jk(a), Le(a), Le(b), P1, M, and N antigens using monoclonal antisera and k, Kp(a), Kp(b), Fy(a),Fy(b), Jk(b), S,s, Lu(a), and Lu(b) antigens were typed using polyclonal antisera employing Indirect Antiglobulin Test...

Human normal and sickle red blood cells (RBCs) adhere with high affinity to the alpha5 chain of laminin (LAMA5) via the basal cell adhesion molecule/Lutheran (BCAM/Lu) receptor, which is implicated in vasoocclusive episodes in sickle cell disease and activated through the cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) signaling pathway. However, the effect of the cAMP pathway on the expression of active BCAM/Lu receptors at the single-molecule level is unknown. We established an in vitro technique, based on atomic force microscopy, which enables detection of single BCAM/Lu proteins on the RBC surface and measures the unbinding force between BCAM/Lu and LAMA5...

Vaso-occlusive crises are the main acute complication in sickle cell disease. They are initiated by abnormal adhesion of circulating blood cells to vascular endothelium of the microcirculation. Several interactions involving an intricate network of adhesion molecules have been described between sickle red blood cells and the endothelial vascular wall. We have shown previously that young sickle reticulocytes adhere to resting endothelial cells through the interaction of α4β1 integrin with endothelial Lutheran/basal cell adhesion molecule (Lu/BCAM)...

INTRODUCTION: Red blood cell antibodies may cause a positive result of pre-transfusion blood compatibility testing (crossmatch test). It can be a problem to provide suitable blood units for patients with clinically significant antibodies to high-frequency antigens as well as for those with multiple alloantibody specificities. This study was aimed at identifying transfused patients in the population of South-Backa who had developed clinically significant red blood cell alloantibodies. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We analyzed the records of crossmatch results and antibody screening performed at the Blood Transfusion Institute of Vojvodina during 2012...

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