Lutheran blood group system

BACKGROUND: Krüppel-like factor 1 (KLF1), a crucial erythroid transcription factor, plays a significant role in various erythroid changes and haemolytic diseases. The rare erythrocyte Lutheran inhibitor (In(Lu)) blood group phenotype serves as an effective model for identifying KLF1 hypomorphic and loss-of-function variants. In this study, we aimed to analyse the genetic background of the In(Lu) phenotype in a population-based sample group by high-throughput technologies to find potentially clinically significant KLF1 variants...

BACKGROUND: Accurate blood type data are essential for blood bank management, but due to costs, few of 43 blood group systems are routinely determined in Danish blood banks. However, a more comprehensive dataset of blood types is useful in scenarios such as rare blood type allocation. We aimed to investigate the viability and accuracy of predicting blood types by leveraging an existing dataset of imputed genotypes for two cohorts of approximately 90,000 each (Danish Blood Donor Study and Copenhagen Biobank) and present a more comprehensive overview of blood types for our Danish donor cohort...

BACKGROUND: Lua and Lub are inherited as codominant allelic characters resulting from a single nucleotide variant (SNV) of the basal cell adhesion molecule ( BCAM ) gene. Red cells of the dominantly inherited suppressor of the Lutheran antigens In(Lu) phenotypically appear as Lu(a-b-) by the haemagglutination test. In(Lu) resulted from heterozygosity for mutations within the erythroid-specific Krüppel-like factor 1 ( KLF1 ) gene. This study aimed to determine the frequency of the Lu(a) and Lu(b) phenotypes and genotypes and genetic variants of the distinct In(Lu) among Thai blood donors...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: For 5 years, routine genotyping has been performed for selected blood groups of blood donors in the Copenhagen Capital Region, Denmark. The result is summarized in the following. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Genotyping was carried out by an external service provider using the competitive allele specific PCR (KASP) technology. The genotypes were returned to the blood bank and translated into phenotypes by a proprietary IT application. RESULTS: In total, 65 alleles from 16 blood group systems (ABO, MNS, Rh, Lutheran, Kell, Duffy, Kidd, Diego, Yt, Dombrock, Colton, Landsteiner-Wiener, Cromer, Knops, Vel, secretor status) and the HPA1, HPA5 and HPA15 antigens were interrogated...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The antigen frequencies vary across different regions and ethnic groups. Hence, we aimed to study the prevalence of blood group antigens in our population and to systemize the zone-wise prevalence of the same across India. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Regular voluntary O group blood donors were screened for 21 blood group antigens; C, c, E, e, K, k, Kpa, Kpb, Jka, Jkb, Fya, Fyb, Lea, Leb, Lua, Lub, P1, M, N, S, s, using commercially available monoclonal antisera by column agglutination technology...

BACKGROUND: The basal cell adhesion molecule (BCAM) carries the antigens of the Lutheran (LU, ISBT005) system. We report a novel Lutheran antigen and propose an updated, full-length 3D model of BCAM. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Red blood cell testing, antibody identification, and BCAM genomic DNA sequencing were done by standard methods. Multi-template homology modeling of BCAM used structural templates selected for coverage, highest sequence identity, and protein domain family...

BACKGROUND: Previous studies have reported Blood type O to confer a lower risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection, while secretor status and other blood groups have been suspected to have a similar effect as well. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: To determine whether any other blood groups influence testing positive for SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 severity, or prolonged COVID-19, we used a large cohort of 650,156 Danish blood donors with varying available data for secretor status and blood groups ABO, Rh, Colton, Duffy, Diego, Dombrock, Kell, Kidd, Knops, Lewis, Lutheran, MNS, P1PK, Vel and Yt...

The frequency of occurrence of antigens of the Kell (Kpa, Kpb), Kidd, Duffy, MNS and Lutheran systems in donors of the Kirov region corresponds to the distribution of antigens characteristic of white Europeans. Antigens K (Kell system) and Lea (Lewis system) are detected in the population of the region much less frequently, antigen Leb (Lewis system) - more often than in the population of Europe. The presence of a registry of donors typed according to a wide range of red blood antigens is a prerequisite for the immunohematological safety of blood transfusions...

AIMS: This study established blood group analysis methods using whole-genome sequencing (WGS) data and conducted blood group analyses to determine the domestic allele frequency using public data from the Korean whole sequence analysis of the Korean Reference Genome Project conducted by the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency (KDCA). MATERIALS AND METHODS: We analyzed the differences between the human reference sequences (hg19) and the conventional reference cDNA sequences of blood group genes using the Clustal Omega website, and established blood group analysis methods using WGS data for 41 genes, including 39 blood group genes involved in 36 blood group antigens, as well as the GATA1 and KLF1 genes, which are erythrocyte-specific transcription factor genes...

INTRODUCTION: Data on the prevalence of clinically significant antigens (Rh, Kell, Kidd, Duffy, MNSs, Lewis, P and Lutheran) among the Indian donor population is sparse. OBJECTIVE: This prospective study was aimed at determining the prevalence of 21 clinically significant antigens for the first time in the South Indian donor population. METHOD: A total of 672 regular O group blood donors were enrolled for Rh (C,c, E, e) and Kell (K) antigens typing...

Blood transfusion is a common practice in hospitals. In many diseases, transfusion of red blood cells can be a life-saving measure. Knowing the blood group phenotypes of the donors in any population is important to improve health care services and to better serve patients. We aimed to determine the blood group phenotypes of the regular donors visiting the main blood donation center in Sharjah, United Arab Emirates (UAE). A total of 500 regular blood donors were included, and blood group antigens were tested using serologic methods...

OBJECTIVE: To explore the distribution characteristics of main antigen gene frequencies of Duffy,Diego,Kidd,Dombrock,MNS,Lutheran,Kell,Colton,Scianna,Yt,Knops and Indian in red blood cell blood group system of Li nationality in Hainan Province. METHODS: Antigens in twelve rare blood group systems of 214 Li people in Hainan Province were genotyped and analyzed by polymerase chain reaction-sequence specific primers (PCR-SSP). RESULTS: The gene frequency of antigens in twelve rare blood group systems of 214 Li people in Hainan Province including: the gene frequency of Duffy blood group system: fya =0...

Six blood groups (Rh, MN, Duffy, Kidd, Kell, and Lutheran) were investigated among three major ethnic groups (Bosniaks, Bosnian Croats, and Bosnian Serbs), as well as 10 regional subpopulations across Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H): Krajina; Posavina; northeastern, eastern, middle, and central Bosnia; Sarajevo region; eastern, central, and western Herzegovina. This is the first study that introduces the molecular genetic typing of five blood groups within the B&H population, with the exception of the RhD blood group...

The expression of blood group antigens varies across human populations and geographical regions due to natural selection and the influence of environment factors and disease. The red cell membrane is host to numerous surface antigens which are able to influence susceptibility to disease, by acting as receptors for pathogens, or by influencing the immune response. Investigations have shown that Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) can bind and gain entry into erythrocytes, and therefore it is hypothesized that blood groups could play a role in this process...

Introduction: The understanding of blood group phenotypes in Saudi Arabia is limited to the ABO and Rh blood groups. Data for the other major blood group phenotypes in different populations have been widely studied and used as a reference for identifying antigen-negative blood in hospital blood banks. Such information is crucial for facilitating the challenging task of providing antigen-negative blood for patients with multiple antibodies. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of the major blood group phenotypes in the Eastern region of Saudi Arabia and compare them to phenotypes in other populations...

Objectives: Most literature on the frequencies of red blood cell (RBC) phenotypes are published in Europeans and Africans countries, with the frequencies in the Omani population unknown. We sought to determine the prevalence of RBC blood group phenotypes among Omani blood donors. Methods: Blood group ABO, RhD type, and phenotyping were performed for 21 blood group antigens on enrolled blood donors. The following antigens were assessed serologically: Rh (C, c, E, e), Kell (K, k, Kpa , Kpb ), Kidd (Jka , Jkb ), Duffy (Fya , Fyb ), Lewis (Lea , Leb ), Lutheran (Lua , Lub ), MNS (M, N, S, s), and P1...

BACKGROUND: Allogeneic adsorption (alloadsorption) involves incubating an aliquot of patient plasma with red blood cells (RBCs) of a known phenotype to facilitate removal of autoantibodies and allow for detection of remaining, potentially clinically significant alloantibodies. Alloadsorptions are routinely performed using fresh or frozen donor RBCs having particular Rh and Kidd phenotypes, and are usually enzyme or ZZAP treated before adsorptions. RBC stroma would provide a method to prepare large amounts of adsorption material that may be stored frozen and used when needed...

This report is part of a series reporting the proceedings from the International Society of Blood Transfusion (ISBT) Working Party on Immunohaematology Workshop on the Clinical Significance of Red Blood Cell Alloantibodies. The aim of the workshop was to review information regarding the clinical significance of alloantibodies to red blood cell antigens recognized by the ISBT. The first 12 systems will be covered in this report. It is understandable that many of the most clinically important antibodies are directed toward antigens found in the blood group systems discovered earlier in history...

Erythroid-specific Krüppel-like factor 1, or KLF1, is an integral transcriptional activator for erythropoiesis. Genetic variants within KLF1 can result in a range of erythropoietic clinical phenotypes from benign to significant. The In(Lu) phenotype refers to changes in the quantitative expression of blood group-associated red cell surface molecules due to KLF1 variants which are otherwise clinically benign. These clinically benign KLF1 variants are associated with a reduced expression of 1 or more red cell membrane proteins/carbohydrates that carry blood group antigens for the LU (Lutheran), IN (Indian), P1PK, LW (Landsteiner-Wiener), KN (Knops), OK, RAPH, and I blood group systems...

This update of the Lutheran (LU) blood group system (Daniels G. Lutheran. Immunohematology 2009;25:152-9) describes six new antigens of the Lutheran system (International Society of Blood Transfusion system 5). These antigens are numbered LU22 to LU27, resulting in a total of 25 antigens in the system. The molecular background of LU7 is also described. New KLF1 mutations responsible for In(Lu) have been identified, and the gene responsible for the X-linked form of Lumod has been identified.