alamandine

The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is a classical hormonal system involved in a myriad of cardiovascular functions. This system is composed of many different peptides that act in the heart through different receptors. One of the most important of these peptides is Angiotensin II, which in pathological conditions triggers a set of actions that lead to heart failure. On the other hand, another RAS peptide, Angiotensin-(1-7) is well known to develop powerful therapeutic effects in many forms of cardiac diseases...

Cardiovascular disease is the major cause of mortality and disability, with hypertension being the most prevalent risk factor. Excessive activation of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) under pathological conditions, leading to vascular remodeling and inflammation, is closely related to cardiovascular dysfunction. The counter-regulatory axis of the RAS consists of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), angiotensin (1-7), angiotensin (1-9), alamandine, proto-oncogene Mas receptor, angiotensin II type-2 receptor and Mas-related G protein-coupled receptor member D...

Alamandine (Ala) is the newest identified peptide of the renin-angiotensin system and has protective effect on myocyte hypertrophy. However, it is still unclear whether Ala can alleviate heart failure (HF). The aim of this study was to explore the effects of Ala on HF and the related cardiac fibrosis, and to probe the mechanism. HF model was induced by myocardial infarction (MI) in mice. Four weeks after MI, Ala was administrated by intraperitoneal injection for two weeks. Ala injection significantly improved cardiac dysfunction of MI mice in vivo...

OBJECTIVES: The MrgD receptor agonist, alamandine (ALA) and Mas receptor agonist, AVE0991 have recently been identified as protective components of the renin-angiotensin system. We evaluated the effects of ALA and AVE0991 on cardiovascular function and remodeling in angiotensin (Ang) II-induced hypertension in rats. Materials-Methods Sprague Dawley rats were subject to 4-week subcutaneous infusions of Ang II (80 ng/kg/min) or saline after which they were treated with ALA (50 μg/kg), AVE0991 (576 μg/kg), or ALA+AVE0991 during the last two weeks...

OBJECTIVE: The canonical renin-angiotensin aldosterone system (RAAS) has been extensively studied and methods are available for use clinically to assess hypertension. The non-canonical axis of the RAAS (consists of angiotensin 1-7, angiotensin 1-9, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 and alamandine) counteract the effects of the canonical pathway. This reveals their role as potential therapeutic targets for cardiovascular disease but it has not been studied in detail in the clinical or research setting due to the difficulty in measuring its components...

Angiotensin (Ang) II, the main active member of the renin angiotensin system (RAS), is essential for the maintenance of cardiovascular homeostasis. However, hyperactivation of the RAS causes fibrotic diseases. Ang II has pro-inflammatory actions, and moreover activates interstitial fibroblasts and/or dysregulates extracellular matrix degradation. The discovery of new RAS pathways has revealed the complexity of this system. Among the RAS peptides, alamandine (ALA, Ala1 Ang 1-7) has been identified in humans, rats, and mice, with protective actions in different pathological conditions...

Diminazene aceturate (DIZE) is a putative angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) activator and angiotensin type 1 receptor antagonist (AT1 R). Its simple chemical structure possesses a negatively charged triazene segment that is homologous to the tetrazole of angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB), which explains its AT1 R antagonistic activity. Additionally, the activation of ACE2 by DIZE converts the toxic octapeptide angiotensin II (AngII) to the heptapeptides angiotensin 1-7 and alamandine, which promote vasodilation and maintains homeostatic balance...

Alamandine is a heptapeptide from the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) with similar structure/function to angiotensin-(1-7) [ang-(1-7)], but they act via different receptors. It remains elusive whether alamandine is an antiproliferative agent like ang-(1-7). The goal of this study was to evaluate the potential antiproliferative activity of alamandine and the underlying cellular signaling. We evaluated alamandine effect in the tumoral cell lines Mia PaCa-2 and A549, and in the nontumoral cell lines HaCaT, CHO and CHO transfected with the alamandine receptor MrgD (CHO-MrgD)...

Alamandine is a novel component of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) as well as an important biologically active peptide. It has predominantly been studied in cardiovascular context. However, its role in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) remains unknown. Here we illustrated its effects on inflammatory cytokines production by synovial fibroblasts from RA and pathological changes in collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mice. Alamandine (0.1, 1 and 10 µg/ml) did not affect the survival of the synovial fibroblasts, but decreased the migration and proinflammatory cytokines expression in TNF-α (10 ng/ml) stimulated cells in vitro...

BACKGROUND: Approximately 10% of infants are born preterm. Preterm birth leads to short and long-term changes in cardiac shape and function. By using a rat model of neonatal high-oxygen (80%O2 ) exposure, mimicking the premature hyperoxic transition to the extrauterine environment, we revealed a major role of the renin-angiotensin system peptide Angio II (angiotensin II) and its receptor AT1 (angiotensin receptor type 1) on neonatal O2 -induced cardiomyopathy. Here, we tested whether treatment with either orally active compounds of the peptides Angio-(1-7) or alamandine included in cyclodextrin could prevent postnatal cardiac remodeling and the programming of cardiomyopathy induced by neonatal high-O2 exposure...

Deficiency of sarcoglycan-δ (Sgcd) induces disruption of the dystrophin glycoprotein complex, resulting in loss of membrane stability. We have reported that angiotensin II (AngII)-mediated autonomic dysfunction precedes and predicts development of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) in the global Sgcd-deficient mice [Exp Physiol 2015].The relative contribution of cardiomyocyte-targeted Sgcd on DCM and autonomic dysfunction remains unknown. Our goal is to determine whether cardiac remodeling in the Sgcd mutations is an intrinsic process of the cardiomyocytes...

Alamandine is a peptide of the Renin Angiotensin System (RAS), either generated from Angiotensin A via the Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2), or directly from Ang-(1-7). In mammals, it elicits cardioprotection via Mas-related G-protein-coupled receptor D (MrgD), and the NOS/NO system. In teleost fish, RAS is known to modulate heart performance. However, no information is available on the presence of a cardioactive ACE2/Alamandine axis. To fill this gap, we used the cyprinid teleost Carassius auratus (goldfish) for in silico and in vitro analyses...

Among numerous choices in cardiovascular therapies used for the management of hypertension and heart failure, drugs affecting the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) hold substantial therapeutic roles. Therapies aimed at modifying the RAAS and its overactivation are employed for the management of various insidious disorders. In the pharmacologic perspective, RAAS is one of the frequently manipulated systems for the management of hypertension, heart failure, myocardial infarction, and renal disease. The RAAS pharmacologic interventions principally include the ACE inhibitors, the angiotensin II-AT1 receptor blockers, the mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists, and the direct renin inhibitors...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Stroke, a leading cause of mortality and disability, characterized by neuronal death, can be induced by a reduction or interruption of blood flow. In this study, the role of Alamandine, a new peptide of the renin-angiotensin system, was evaluated in in-vitro and in-vivo brain ischemia models. METHODS: In the in-vitro model, hippocampal slices from male C57/Bl6 mice were placed in a glucose-free aCSF solution and bubbled with 95% N2 and 5% CO2 to mimic brain ischemia...

Alamandine (Ala) is a novel member of the renin-angiotensin-system (RAS) family. The present study aimed to explore the effects of Ala on hypertension and renal damage of Dahl salt-sensitive (SS) rats high-salt diet-induced, and the mechanisms of Ala on renal-damage alleviation. Dahl rats were fed with high-salt diets to induce hypertension and renal damage in vivo, and HK-2 cells were treated with sodium chloride (NaCl) to induce renal injury in vitro. Ala administration alleviated the high-salt diet-induced hypertension, renal dysfunction, and renal fibrosis and apoptosis in Dahl SS rats...

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Numerous studies in the last decades have provided evidence for the existence of a local renin-angiotensin system (RAS) in the central nervous system (CNS). Widespread distribution of the different RAS components in the brain demonstrates the pleiotropic role of this system in the structure and function of CNS. With the advent of new molecular techniques, a novel receptor has been identified within the beneficial arm of the RAS, the Mas-related G-protein coupled receptor D (MrgD), which can be stimulated by two heptapeptides, Ala1 -(Ang-(1-7), also named alamandine, and Ang-(1-7)...

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can occur due to contracting severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). COVID-19 has no confined treatment and, consequently, has high hospitalization and mortality rates. Moreover, people who contract COVID-19 present systemic inflammatory spillover. It is now known that COVID-19 pathogenesis is linked to the renin-angiotensin system (RAS). COVID-19 invades host cells via the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor-as such, an individual's susceptibility to COVID-19 increases alongside the upregulation of this receptor...

NEW FINDINGS: What is the central question of this study? The physiological function of Mas-related G protein-coupled receptor D (MrgprD) in gastrointestinal motility is unknown. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of MrgprD and its receptor agonists on murine gastrointestinal motility. What is the main finding and its importance? Mrgprd deficiency improved murine gastrointestinal motility in vivo but had no effects on the spontaneous contractions of murine intestinal rings ex vivo...

Sepsis is a frequent cause of kidney injury. The present study investigated whether Alamandine (Ala) could alleviate sepsis-associated renal injury by reducing inflammation and apoptosis. In addition, we investigated downstream signaling pathways modulated by Ala. Studies were performed in mice treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and in the human proximal tubular epithelial cell line HK-2. The increase in serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, cystatin C and Fg, and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin and kidney injury molecule-1 in the kidneys of mice treated with LPS were reduced after administration of Ala...