keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38143670/chronic-inflammatory-demyelinating-polyneuropathy-with-reversible-severe-cognitive-impairment-and-gastrointestinal-dysfunction
#21
Madison M Patrick, Rachel Bielling, Galen Postma, Brenda Trokthi, Charles G Maitland
We treated a patient with an unusual case of reversible rapidly progressive cognitive impairment, gastrointestinal dysfunction, and generalized neuromyopathy in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) with optic neuropathy. A man in his 50s presented with a four-month history of rapidly progressive cognitive decline in addition to a six-month history of proximal greater than distal painful muscle weakness, wasting in all extremities, almost complete loss of deep tendon reflexes in his lower extremities, and slow progressive vision loss...
November 2023: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38137916/evaluation-of-the-antiparasitic-antihepatotoxicity-and-antioxidant-efficacy-of-quercetin-and-chitosan-either-alone-or-in-combination-against-infection-induced-by-giardia-lamblia-in-male-rats
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Bander Albogami
Giardia lamblia ( G. lamblia ) is one of the most common protozoal infections and a key cause of malabsorption, some cases of mental developmental issues in children, and reduced body weight. The known antiparasitic medications, which are the standard drugs used for parasitic treatment, have several side effects and sometimes exhibit low efficacy. Therefore, the current study aimed to evaluate the treatment with quercetin (QC) or chitosan (CH), either alone or in combination, as possible alternative therapeutic agents that may alleviate the side effects of G...
December 10, 2023: Life
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38107388/frequency-of-gastrointestinal-parasites-anemia-and-nutritional-status-among-children-from-different-geographical-regions-of-bolivia
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ceilan Apaza, Washington Cuna, Froilán Brañez, Roberto Passera, Celeste Rodriguez
The study aimed to measure the frequency of occurrence of infections with helminths, protozoa, and risk factors of undernutrition and anemia among schoolchildren from the Bolivian highland (altiplano) and lowland (subtropical) rural regions, with a high frequency of gastrointestinal parasite infections. Cross-sectional data were collected from 790 children, 5-13 years old. Microscopic examination of stool using the Ritchie technique, hemoglobin testing using the HemoCue analyzer, and anthropometric measurements were performed...
2023: Journal of Tropical Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38063401/antigiardial-and-antiamebic-activities-of-fexinidazole-and-its-metabolites-new-drug-leads-for-giardiasis-and-amebiasis
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jose Ignacio Escrig, Yukiko Miyamoto, Alejandro Delgado Aznar, Lars Eckmann, Anjan Debnath
The intestinal parasites Giardia lamblia and Entamoeba histolytica are major causes of morbidity and mortality associated with diarrheal diseases. Metronidazole is the most common drug used to treat giardiasis and amebiasis. Despite its efficacy, treatment failures in giardiasis occur in up to 5%-40% of cases. Potential resistance of E. histolytica to metronidazole is an increasing concern. Therefore, it is critical to search for more effective drugs to treat giardiasis and amebiasis. We identified antigiardial and antiamebic activities of the rediscovered nitroimidazole compound, fexinidazole, and its sulfone and sulfoxide metabolites...
December 8, 2023: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38060086/evaluating-the-effect-of-lactobacillus-casei-fegy-9973-and-curcumin-on-experimental-giardiasis
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Omima M Abou Shady, Ibrahim Ali Shalash, Fouad M F Elshaghabee, Mohamed S I Negm, Gehad A B Yousef, Enas M A Rizk
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Giardia is a parasitic hard protozoan that causes a variety of parasitological and pathological changes in gastrointestinal epithelial cells and is resistant to a variety of disinfectants and treatments. This study used experimental animals infected with Giardia Lamblia to assess the potential therapeutic effect of Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus bulgaricus (Lactobacillus in yoghurt) and curcumin in comparison to one of the commonly used drugs (metronidazole)...
December 7, 2023: Acta Parasitologica
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38025329/empiric-anti-giardia-therapy-in-non-diarrheal-protein-losing-enteropathy-a-focus-on-children-with-monogenic-humoral-immunodeficiency
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tariq Al Farsi, Khwater Ahmed, Nashet Al Sukaiti
Background and Aim: Chronic giardia infection can lead to non-erosive gastrointestinal disorders, including protein-losing enteropathy (PLE). This report describes non-diarrheal PLE in chronic giardiasis in children with defective humoral immunity. Methods: The retrospective report is related to 2 children known to have a monogenic inborn error of immunity. The first patient is a 13-year-old boy with X-linked agammaglobulinemia (Patient-1), and the second is a 5-year-old boy with NF-kB inducing kinase (NIK) deficiency infection...
2023: Qatar Medical Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38021176/distribution-of-bacterial-viral-and-parasitic-gastroenteritis-agents-in-children-under-18-years-of-age-in-erzurum-turkey-2010-2020
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Bahar Çimen, Osman Aktaş
INTRODUCTION: Diarrheal diseases have existed since antiquity, resulting in high morbidity and mortality rates, particularly among children in developing countries. To eradicate these diseases, it is crucial to identify the pathogens that cause them and immediately initiate appropriate treatment. This retrospective study aims to investigate the incidence of childhood gastroenteritis and the epidemiological features of its causative agents. METHODS: During an 11-year period (2010-2020), as many as 51159 stool samples were obtained from children aged 0-17 years...
December 2022: Germs
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38013501/factors-associated-with-the-sexual-transmission-of-strongyloides-stercoralis-in-men-who-have-sex-with-men-a-systematic-review
#28
REVIEW
Callum Chessell, Lucy Rabuszko, Daniel Richardson, Carrie Llewellyn
Strongyloides stercoralis is a parasitic worm with a complex life cycle and can cause significant morbidity, including a proctocolitis and life-threatening hyperinfection syndrome. Limited reports from non-endemic areas, including in men who have sex with men (MSM), suggest sexual transmission of S. stercoralis. In this systematic review of the published literature, we aimed to explore the associated factors of S. stercoralis in MSM. We systematically searched three bibliographical databases (MEDLINE, CINAHL and EMBASE) up to November 2022...
November 28, 2023: Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology: JEADV
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38004654/gastrointestinal-pathogens-in-multi-infected-individuals-a-cluster-analysis-of-interaction
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Joy Backhaus, Hagen Frickmann, Ralf Matthias Hagen, Gustavo Concha, Ernst Molitor, Achim Hoerauf, Simone Kann
Indigenous people live in remote areas of Colombia. Multiple infections with bacteria, protozoa and/or helminths are common, as well as colonization in various forms. This study focused on the question of whether and to what extent various pathogens interact with each other. Therefore, a mathematical approach was retrospectively applied to PCR-based data of 244 stool samples, collected in two datasets. A stable cluster solution of the pathogens assessed was determined, and a unique configuration between Blastocystis hominis / Campylobacter spp...
October 27, 2023: Microorganisms
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37983257/epidemiology-of-giardiasis-and-assemblages-a-and-b-and-effects-on-diarrhea-and-growth-trajectories-during-the-first-8-years-of-life-analysis-of-a-birth-cohort-in-a-rural-district-in-tropical-ecuador
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tannya Sandoval-Ramírez, Victor Seco-Hidalgo, Evelyn Calderon-Espinosa, Diana Garcia-Ramon, Andrea Lopez, Manuel Calvopiña, Irene Guadalupe, Martha Chico, Rojelio Mejia, Irina Chis Ster, Philip J Cooper
BACKGROUND: There are limited longitudinal data on the acquisition of Giardia lamblia infections in childhood using molecular assays to detect and type assemblages, and measure effects of infections on diarrhea risk and childhood growth. METHODS: We analysed stool samples from a surveillance sample within a birth cohort in a rural district in tropical Ecuador. The cohort was followed to 8 years of age for the presence of G. lamblia in stools by quantitative PCR and A and B assemblages by Taqman assay or Sanger sequencing...
November 20, 2023: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37963271/giardia-lamblia-diagnosed-during-upper-gastrointestinal-endoscopy-clinical-manifestation-histopathologic-findings-and-the-association-with-celiac-disease
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Assaf Hoofien, Michal Kori
BACKGROUND: Giardia lamblia may be found incidentally during upper gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy, including when biopsies are taken for celiac disease (CeD) diagnosis. We aimed to study the clinical presentation and histopathology of G. lamblia and determine its association with CeD. METHODS: A retrospective case series of pediatric patients diagnosed with G. lamblia based on intestinal biopsies between January 1999 and January 2023. Baseline data; demographics, symptoms, celiac serology, stool testing, macroscopic and histopathologic findings...
November 13, 2023: Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37956129/comparison-of-cysteine-content-in-whole-proteomes-across-the-three-domains-of-life
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Adriana Castillo-Villanueva, Horacio Reyes-Vivas, Jesús Oria-Hernández
An empirical observation suggests that Giardia lamblia proteins have larger cysteine content than their counterparts in other organisms. As this parasite lacks conventional antioxidant stress systems, it is generally accepted that high cysteine content helps G. lamblia cope with oxygen toxicity, a strategy apparently shared by other organisms. Here, we question whether the high cysteine content in some organisms is genuine or just a simple assumption based on singular observations. To this end, we analyzed the cysteine content in 78 proteomes of organisms spanning the three domains of life...
2023: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37945557/encystation-stimuli-sensing-is-mediated-by-adenylate-cyclase-ac2-dependent-camp-signaling-in-giardia
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Han-Wei Shih, Germain C M Alas, Alexander R Paredez
Protozoan parasites use cAMP signaling to precisely regulate the place and time of developmental differentiation, yet it is unclear how this signaling is initiated. Encystation of the intestinal parasite Giardia lamblia can be activated by multiple stimuli, which we hypothesize result in a common physiological change. We demonstrate that bile alters plasma membrane fluidity by reducing cholesterol-rich lipid microdomains, while alkaline pH enhances bile function. Through depletion of the cAMP producing enzyme Adenylate Cyclase 2 (AC2) and the use of a newly developed Giardia-specific cAMP sensor, we show that AC2 is necessary for encystation stimuli-induced cAMP upregulation and activation of downstream signaling...
November 9, 2023: Nature Communications
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37933295/distribution-of-the-intestinal-parasites-according-to-species-and-gender-in-patients-presented-to-the-microbiology-laboratory-in-a-tertiary-hospital-in-somalia-between-january-2018-and-october-2022
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Serpil Doğan, Said Mohamed Mohamud, Rahma Yusuf Haji Mohamud, Ahmed Mohamed Ali Orey, Zerife Orhan
PURPOSE: In this study, it was aimed to determine the 5-year prevalence of intestinal parasites in patients admitted to the Microbiology laboratory of a tertiary hospital in Somalia. Intestinal parasites; Types of patients, age and sex of the patients, and the distribution by years were examined. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Stool samples were examined using wet preparation, native lugol and trichrome staining methods. Statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS V23 software and a P value of <0...
2023: Infection and Drug Resistance
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37875615/respiratory-allergy-symptoms-and-cytokine-profiles-in-the-presence-of-anti-ascaris-antibody-in-giardia-lamblia-infected-children
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ana Lúcia Arruda Fontenele, Cassia Giselle de Oliveira Nóbrega, Wheverton Ricardo Correia do Nascimento, Patrícia d'Emery Alves Santos, Virginia Maria Barros de Lorena, Décio Medeiros Peixoto, Mônica Camelo Pessôa de Azevedo Albuquerque, Dirceu Solé, Vláudia Maria Assis Costa, Emanuel Sávio Cavalcanti Sarinho, Valdenia Maria Oliveira de Souza
Anti-Ascaris lumbricoides (Asc) IgE and IgG can immunomodulate the allergy; however, the influence of these isotypes has not been investigated in the giardiasis and allergy. Therefore, the frequency of respiratory allergy (RA) symptoms in Giardia lamblia-infected children, with or without anti-Asc IgE, IgG1, or IgG4 and Th1, Th2/Treg, and Th17 cytokine production, was evaluated. We performed a case-control study with children aged 2-10 years old selected by questionnaire and stool exams to form the groups: infected or uninfected with RA (G-RA, n = 55; nG-RA, n = 43); infected and uninfected without RA (G-nRA, n = 59; nG-nRA, n = 54)...
October 25, 2023: Parasitology Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37860609/multiple-protozoal-infections-in-a-single-immunocompromised-patient-a-case-report
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rupak Chatterjee, Tanusree Mondal, Gautam Barik, Subhoroop Ghosh, Netai Pramanik, Ardhendu Maji, Tapashi Ghosh
Immunocompromised patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection are prone to multiple infections, of which parasitic infections are an important cause. Parasitic protozoal infections - both by common and rare protozoa are documented in such patients. Here, we report a rare and interesting case of five protozoal infections affecting a single HIV-infected person at the same time of initial presentation. A 64-years-male came to us with complaints of chronic diarrhea for 6 months. He was investigated and found to be positive for HIV I...
2023: Tropical Parasitology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37834396/enhancing-giardicidal-activity-and-aqueous-solubility-through-the-development-of-retroabz-a-regioisomer-of-albendazole-in-vitro-in-vivo-and-in-silico-studies
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Carlos Martínez-Conde, Blanca Colín-Lozano, Abraham Gutiérrez-Hernández, Emanuel Hernández-Núñez, Lilián Yépez-Mulia, Luis Fernando Colorado-Pablo, Rodrigo Aguayo-Ortiz, Jaime Escalante, Julio C Rivera-Leyva, Jessica Nayelli Sánchez-Carranza, Elizabeth Barbosa-Cabrera, Gabriel Navarrete-Vazquez
Parasitic diseases, including giardiasis caused by Giardia lamblia ( G. lamblia ), present a considerable global health burden. The limited effectiveness and adverse effects of current treatment options underscore the necessity for novel therapeutic compounds. In this study, we employed a rational design strategy to synthesize retroalbendazole ( RetroABZ ), aiming to address the limitations associated with albendazole, a commonly used drug for giardiasis treatment. RetroABZ exhibited enhanced in vitro activity against G...
October 6, 2023: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37780876/spectrum-and-trends-of-intestinal-parasitic-infections-at-a-tertiary-care-hospital-during-pandemic-times-a-laboratory-based-retrospective-study
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Suneeta Meena, Jitendra Kumar Meena, Dinesh Kumar, Purva Mathur
Introduction  Intestinal parasitic infections continue to loom in developing countries with low sanitation and socioeconomic conditions. Pandemic times are especially important to study the prevalence of these pathogens since the focus of all healthcare services was coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and time-trend of intestinal parasitic infections in the capital region of India during the pandemic times. Methods  In this cross-sectional study, a retrospective review based on data from the past 2 years in the post-COVID-19 pandemic was used...
December 2023: Journal of Laboratory Physicians
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37765140/repurposing-terfenadine-as-a-novel-antigiardial-compound
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Daniel Osmar Suárez-Rico, Francisco Javier Munguía-Huizar, Rafael Cortés-Zárate, José Manuel Hernández-Hernández, Sirenia González-Pozos, Armando Perez-Rangel, Araceli Castillo-Romero
Giardia lamblia is a highly infectious protozoan that causes giardiasis, a gastrointestinal disease with short-term and long-lasting symptoms. The currently available drugs for giardiasis treatment have limitations such as side effects and drug resistance, requiring the search for new antigiardial compounds. Drug repurposing has emerged as a promising strategy to expedite the drug development process. In this study, we evaluated the cytotoxic effect of terfenadine on Giardia lamblia trophozoites. Our results showed that terfenadine inhibited the growth and cell viability of Giardia trophozoites in a time-dose-dependent manner...
September 21, 2023: Pharmaceuticals
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37736307/magnitude-and-predisposing-factors-of-intestinal-parasitosis-and-tuberculosis-coinfection-at-five-health-institutions-in-southern-ethiopia-a-cross-sectional-study
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Agumas Shibabaw, Mihret Tilahun, Alemu Gedefie, Zenawork Sahle, Melaku A Belete, Hussen Ebrahim, Habtu Debash, Bekele Sharew
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Intestinal parasites affect the tuberculosis disease outcome by shifting the cell-mediated to humoral immune response and host immune system suppression. However, Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) infection favors the immune escape of parasites. Hence, exploring the rate of intestinal parasitic coinfection with pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and its predisposing factors to take better preventive, control, and management measures. METHODS: A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted from September to December 2020 at five health institutions in Hawassa city...
September 2023: Health Science Reports
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