Teaching Images

Treemaps are a powerful tool for representing hierarchical data in a space-efficient manner and are used in various domains, including network security or software development. However, interpreting the topology encoded by nested rectangles can be challenging, particularly compared to tree-structured representations like node-link diagrams or icicle plots. To address this challenge, we introduce TreEducation, a visual education platform designed to improve the visualization literacy skills required for reading treemaps among non-expert users...

Congenital heart disease is a prevalent birth defect, accounting for approximately one-third of major birth defects. The challenge lies in early detection, especially in underdeveloped medical regions where a shortage of specialized physicians often leads to oversight. While standardized chest x-rays can assist in diagnosis and treatment, their effectiveness is limited by subtle cardiac manifestations. However, the emergence of deep learning in computer vision has paved the way for detecting subtle changes in chest x-rays, such as lung vessel density, enabling the detection of congenital heart disease in children...

PURPOSE: Videos and images are becoming an educational tool in every domain. The objective was to assess the contribution of short educational endoscopic videos in learning the complex anatomy of the tympanic cavity. METHODS: We conducted a prospective study amongst all the otolaryngology residents in 2021 in the greater Paris area (n = 74), from the first year to fifth year. We divided the residents into two groups who had the same 30-min anatomy class based on anatomical drawings...

AIMS: This study describes a program co-created with Aboriginal communities to strengthen cultural ties with the children. Food data are reported from two knowledge systems (lenses): Western and Aboriginal relational, focused on Country, community, and kinship. METHODS: A cultural program was undertaken with primary school children of Aboriginal heritage, on Yuin nation, over 10 weeks including culturally appropriate practices (painting, bushtucker, and dance)...

Chest compressions, used in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), cause rib and sternum fractures in around 79% and 54% of patients, respectively. Spinal fractures resulting from CPR are far rarer. We present the case of a 70-year-old man who underwent mechanical CPR after choking whilst eating. The patient received a cerebral and thoracic CT scan upon arrival to the hospital. The cerebral scan was normal, but the chest CT scan revealed signs of ankylosing spondylitis and an unstable Chance fracture of the 12th thoracic vertebra...

Teaching point: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasound may be useful to assess the extent of onychodystrophy associated with psoriatic dactylitis by showing nail bed thickening, matrix changes, and vascularity indicative of active inflammation.

BACKGROUND: The diagnosis of parotid swelling is challenging and investigations like imaging and needle aspiration cytology are helpful. The objective of this study was to determine the diagnostic accuracy of fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) as compared to the histopathology in parotid gland swelling. METHODS: It was a descriptive cross sectional study carried out in the Department of ENT-Head and Neck Surgery, Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Institute of Medicine, Kathmandu by reviewing the medical record charts of the patients who had undergone surgery for parotid lesions during the study period of seven and half years...

AIM: This study aimed to validate the accuracy of dental age (DA) based on the dental development of permanent teeth in children with special needs using Demirjian, Willems, and London Atlas methods and to correlate the dental and chronological age (CA) of children with special needs in Malaysia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The panoramic radiographic images belonging to children with special needs from the two teaching dental hospitals in Malaysia aged between 5 and 16 years were included in the study...

Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy (CAR-T) has revolutionized the management of relapsed and/or refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM). However, CAR-T treatment failure is not uncommon and remains a major therapeutic challenge. There is substantial variability across transplantation and cellular therapy programs in assessing and managing post CAR-T failures in RRMM. The American Society for Transplantation and Cellular Therapy (ASTCT) Committee on Practice Guidelines conducted an online cross-sectional survey between September 2023 and December 2023 to determine the myeloma, transplantation and cellular therapy physicians' practice patterns for surveillance, diagnosis, and management of CAR-T failure...

BACKGROUND: Cognitive reserve is a potential mechanism to cope with brain damage as a result of dementia, which can be defined by indirect proxies, including education level, leisure time activities, and occupational attainment. In this study we explored the association between dementia diagnosis and type of occupation in a retrospective Dutch outpatient memory clinic sample of patients with primary progressive aphasia (PPA), behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD), and Alzheimer's Dementia (AD)...

After the implementation of the European Space for Higher Education, the contents of the Radiology and Physical Medicine Area that were taught in the Medicine Degree have also been incorporated into the new degrees of Dentistry, Nursing, Physiotherapy, Podiatry, and, to a lesser extent, Pharmacy, Occupational Therapy, Logopedia, and Biomedical Engineering As a whole, the basic concepts of radiology and radiological protection are taught in Murcia in 5 different degrees with a total of 52.5 ECTS credits, participating in the training of 1219 students each academic year...

Radiology is a medical discipline, an area of transversal knowledge integrated into any clinical situation. The optimal training of learning knowledge, skills and aptitudes in Radiology in the Degree in Medicine requires the integration of any imaging modality in the different areas of knowledge; from the basic subjects to any clinical subject of the Degree. This article describes the integration of Radiology teaching into the curriculum throughout the Medicine Degree at the University of Girona (UdG), describing the different radiology teaching activities that are taught...

BACKGROUND: The worldwide COVID-19 pandemic has initiated a change in medical education and the development of new teaching concepts has become inevitable to maintain adequate training. OBJECTIVE: This pilot study aims to compare teledidactic teaching with traditional face-to-face teaching for abdominal, thoracic, and thyroid ultrasound. DESIGN: Concurrently, a teledidactic and a face-to-face ultrasound course were held. The students completed seven 90-min modules using mobile ultrasound probes (Butterfly IQ)...

Situs inversus totalis (SIT) is a rare medical condition characterized by a complete mirror-image reversal of the normal positioning of the internal organs. Aristotle initially described situs inversus in animals, while Fabricius first characterized it in humans. Although the specific cause is uncertain, there is evidence of autosomal recessive and X-linked inheritance. Before seeking treatment for an unrelated ailment, many people with SIT are unaware of their distinct anatomy, as in our case. The presented case is a 30-year-old female patient from Central Ethiopia, presented to Hakim Gizaw Teaching Hospital outpatient department of medicine with the complaint of right-sided anterior chest pain for five days...

BACKGROUND: In medical imaging courses, due to the complexity of anatomical relationships, limited number of practical course hours and instructors, how to improve the teaching quality of practical skills and self-directed learning ability has always been a challenge for higher medical education. Artificial intelligence-assisted diagnostic (AISD) software based on volume data reconstruction (VDR) technique is gradually entering radiology. It converts two-dimensional images into three-dimensional images, and AI can assist in image diagnosis...

Almost half of physicians report being uncomfortable with ECG interpretation, underscoring the need for high-quality ECG training. There are two major strategies for teaching ECG interpretation. Pattern recognition involves reading ECGs solely as graphic images, after being taught the underlying pathophysiology behind the ECG patterns. Inductive-deductive reasoning requires logical thought mechanisms, using clinical context and algorithms, to reach a correct diagnosis. It is important for ECG educators to choose between these teaching strategies, depending on the clinical scenario...

PURPOSE: Morel-Lavallée lesion (MLL) is a closed soft-tissue degloving injurie resulting from shear forces. With the advent of endoscopic technology and advancements in surgical techniques, innovative solutions are now available. However, there are few data on mid-term results after treatment of MLL, especially regarding arthroscopic method. The objective of this study is to evaluate the clinical outcomes of endoscopic debridement combined with percutaneous cutaneo-fascial suture in treating MLL...

Introduction Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic and autoimmune disease that has a significant influence on the central nervous system, such as the brain and spinal cord, affecting millions of individuals globally. Understanding the connection between subcortical brain regions and MS is crucial for effective diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for treating this disabling disease. This study explores the relationship between volume and contours of asymmetry index of subcortical brain regions in individuals with MS using volBrain software (https://www...

BACKGROUND: Pulmonary aspiration syndrome remains a significant complication of general anesthesia, particularly in unfasted patients. Gastric point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) allows for both qualitative and quantitative assessment of gastric content, providing a safe and reliable method to assess gastric emptying and reduce the risk of aspiration during general anesthesia. METHODS: The survey was distributed to Belgian certified anesthesiologists and trainees between April 2020 and June 2021...

BACKGROUND: Rwanda has aimed to rebuild its health care system since the Rwandan genocide against the Tutsis in 1994, though one of the challenges has been a scarcity of radiologic resources. OBJECTIVE: To assess the location and accessibility of radiologic facilities in Rwanda using geospatial mapping and population-based data. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted in May 2023 using location and radiologic modality data provided by the Department of Radiology at the University Teaching Hospital of Kigali and the WorldPop database, a publicly available database providing open-access geospatial population data...