broncopneumonia

We present the case of a 9 year old patient with a clinical history of epilepsy and various hospitalizations due to aspirative broncopneumonia among others, who was admitted to our hospital because of septic shock secondary to pneumonia of the lower left lobule associated with a parapneumonic pleural effusion and a complicated clinical course. During her stay, the patient undergoes surgical debridement using video assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) under general anaesthesia and the hydropneumothorax is drained...

Objetivo: Avaliar os padrões tomográficos relacionados aos agentes etiológicos da pneumonia em pacientes durante o primeiro ano após transplante renal. Materiais e Métodos: Foram analisados dados de prontuários de 956 pacientes submetidos a transplante renal, no período de 2013 a 2018, em um centro transplantador renal do nordeste do Brasil. Nos pacientes que desenvolveram pneumonia, os agentes etiológicos foram classificados em bactérias piogênicas, micobactérias, fungos, vírus e pneumonia polimicrobiana, enquanto os padrões tomográficos foram classificados em consolidação, broncopneumonia, pneumonia intersticial e nódulos e massas...

BACKGROUND: In recent years the literature has recorded a progressive increase in the prevalence of adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction. Several factors can interfere with the morbidity and mortality of surgical treatment. AIM: Non-randomized retrospective study of prognostic factors of operated patients by adenocarcinoma of esophagogastric junction, with or without post-operative chemotherapy and radiotherapy. METHODS: Medical records were reviewed from patients treated at university hospital in the period of 1989 and 2009, to obtain data about pre and postoperative treatment...

The presence of a thyroid carcinoma and a defect in thyroid hormone synthesis in a 27 year ols female is reported. When she was 13 years old a clinical diagnosis of hypothyroid cretinism was made, based on a defect of iodide organification which was demostrated by thiocyanate test showing a discharge of 55 % of 131I at 45 minutes. She intermittently received thyroid hormone until she died. Few days before dying she had normal values of T3, T4 and TSH. Her parents are related and she had a 35 years old sister with a similar type of thyroid hormone synthesis defect...

BACKGROUND: Asthma is a severe health problem all over the world about morbidity and mortality, whose repercussions on the patients and their family require coordinated actions. OBJECTIVE: To know the characteristics of hospitalizations due to asthma severe crises in pediatric intensive care units of a Cuban province. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A prospective and retrospective study was done with 40 pediatric patients with discharge diagnosis of severe crisis of asthma coming from the pediatric intensive care unit of Hospital Jose Marti y Perez, from January 1st, 1996 to December 31st, 2005...

BACKGROUND: Overuse of antibiotics for children is widespread and contributes to the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Moreover, non steroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are often overprescribed despite of their renal and gastrointestinal side-effects. OBJECTIVES: To assess the behaviour and the factors influencing the prescribing practice of family pediatricians for the common upper respiratory diseases of pre-school children in an outpatient setting...

INTRODUCTION: Wernicke's encephalopathy (WE) is a metabolic disease due to thiamine deficiency; only 10% of cases are diagnosed pre-mortem. Symptoms of WE include ophthalmoplegia, nistagmus, ataxia and mental confusion; post-mortem examination shows characteristic symmetrical lesions in the mamillary bodies (MB), hypothalamus, thalamus, brain stem and cerebellum with spongiosis, demyelination, vascular proliferation and relative preservation of neurons. CASE REPORT: 50 years-old male with alcoholic hepatopathy and orthotopic hepatic transplant who suffered a second surgical intervention 10 days after due to problems in the biliar anastomosis...

Infection by the cat lungworm Aelurostrongylus abstrusus is considered uncommon. Here, the authors report the clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic features of five infections recently observed in Italy. All cats were under 12 months of age. All except one cat had symptomatic infections, with cough, dyspnea, and weight loss with radiographic signs of broncopneumonia. All cats were eosinophilic. Larvae were present in fresh fecal smears and on flotation exam in all cats. Baermann larval recovery permitted definitive identification and, in one case, larvae per gram of feces (lpg) counts...

No effective treatment is presently available for progressive multiple sclerosis (MS). Cyclophosphamide (CFX), a cytotoxic immunosuppressive drug widely used in systemic dysimmune diseases, has been proposed for the treatment of multiple sclerosis with different schedules and controversial results. To evaluate the safety and clinical efficacy of CFX, we compared three different treatment schedules in patients with progressive MS: induction followed by bimonthly boosters for one year (17 patients); bimonthly boosters for one year without previous induction (15 patients); and monthly boosters for one year (21 patients)...

A 10 years old male patient, DG, was admitted in the ICU because of continuous uncontrolled movements due to a neurologycal degenerative disease (Hallervorden-Spatz syndrome) able to determine reduction of spontaneous breathing efficacy. At admission he presented acute ventilatory failure, because of a Staphylococcus aureus broncopneumonia, so he had a tracheal tube and mechanical ventilation (pressure support). During hospitalization (4 months in ICU and 2 months in Pediatric Department) DG received tracheotomy and percutaneous gastrostomy, to obtain adequate spontaneous ventilation and artificial enteral nutrition; a satisfactory pharmacological control of choreo-athetosic movements, with not great interference with original sleep-awake cycle, was obtained...

Mozart, perhaps one of the greatest geniuses of modern age, died mysteriously at the age of 35 in Vienna in 1791. The causes of his death are still somewhat obscure and debated since we do not have any documentation acceptable by current scientific standards. Inevitably, the conclusions reached are highly debatable. In the present article the various interpretations of Mozart's death are taken into consideration-from his possible poisoning to causes of death more acceptable by the present diagnostic criteria...

Polymorphonuclear cells (PMN) and monocytes/macrophages (M/M) represent the first defence line against invading microorganisms. Both phagocytic cell functions are precociously compromised in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected subjects, thus leading to infectious and neurological complications in the late stages of disease. Among intracellular pathogens, emerging bacteria such as Bartonella henselae and Rhodococcus equi can cause peculiar clinical pictures, i.e. the bacillary parenchimal angiomatosis and a classical pyogranulomatous broncopneumonia, respectively...

The authors have conducted a retrospective study on 115 patients with myasthenia gravis undergoing transsternal or transcervical thymectomy at the Policlinico A. Gemelli of Rome in the period June 1984- to June 1991. A prolonged postoperative mechanical ventilation immediately and a few days following surgery was required respectively in 7 and 3 patients, while atelectasia and broncopneumonia have developed in 10 patients. No relationship could be established between the incidence of respiratory complications and factors such as preoperative symptomatology and treatment anesthetic agents, the surgical approach to the thymus and thymic pathology...

The aim of this research was to evaluate the response to aerosol antibiotic therapy in Cystic Fibrosis (CF) patients, who because of severe lung disease, were obligated to frequent hospitalizations to undergo intravenous antibiotic therapy. Ten patients, aged 2 to 20 years were submitted to 4 months cycles of aerosol antibiotic therapy for a total of 18 cycles. The daily treatment consisted of carbenicillin 1 g b.d. and gentamicin 80 mgs b.d. At the end of treatment there was a statistically significant improvement of the modified Huang score and of single clinical parameters such as body growth, apetite, physical activity, clinical thoracic evaluation, appearance of sputum...

Two brothers, 17 and 11 years old, presented with pes cavus, absence of deep tendon reflexes, péripheral vibratory sensory loss, ataxia, tremor, nystagmus, dysarthria and partial myoclonic epilepsy. Electromyography showed severe slowing of motor conduction velocity in the lower extremities and increased distal latencies. A peroneal nerve biopsy showed absence of myelin sheath in most fibres resulting in numerous demyelinated nerve fibres. The father and seven uncles on the paternal side had pes cavus, hammer toes and moderate vibratory peripheral sensory loss...

Sixteen fatal cases of adenovirus infection in infants (n:10 aged 1 to less than 12 months) and children (n:6 aged 1 to 3, 8/12 years) are reported. Diagnosis were confirmed by direct viral isolation, viral immunofluorescence or both in 15 patients, and by autopsy in 12 of them, including one without positive virological workup. Evidence of multisystemic compromise, particularly that of severe lower respiratory tract infection was observed and lead to death by acute respiratory failure in all cases. White blood cell counts and erythrocyte sedimentation rate did not help to label initially the etiology as either viral or bacterial...

A case of dilatation of the right lateral ventricle due to membranous occlusion of the foramen of Monro is reported. A child aged two and a half years developed raised intracranial pressure together with disturbed consciousness, but other neurological defect, two months after after an attack of bilateral broncopneumonia. The preoperative diagnosis of occlusion of the right foramen of Monro by infiltrating tumour was made angiographically. At operation the obstruction was found to be due to a membrane. The septum lucidum was fenestrated and a ventriculoatrial shunt was inserted...

In a group of 30 patients suffering from kypphoscoliosis of different degrew was effected a series of researchs (investigations to value the morphological functional behaviour of the pulmonary circle. The used ways were: angiopneumography, pulmonary perfusional scintigraphy, cardiac catheterisation and radiocardiography. The achieved results allowed to single out interesting aspects both of pulmonary vascular bed compromission and of some haemodynamic parameters. These alterations show different degrees according to seriousness of the deformation and the presence or not of broncopneumonia complications in these patients...