MSK radiology

OBJECTIVE: To prospectively evaluate a deep learning-based denoising reconstruction (DLR) for improved resolution and image quality in musculoskeletal (MSK) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). METHODS: Images from 137 contrast-weighted sequences in 40 MSK patients were evaluated. Each sequence was performed twice, first with the routine parameters and reconstructed with a routine reconstruction filter (REF), then with higher resolution and reconstructed with DLR, and with three conventional reconstruction filters (NL2, GA43, GA53)...

PURPOSE: Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is the most common and severe form of muscular dystrophy. Current diagnostic tests like genetic testing, needle electromyography, and muscle biopsy are either not easily available or invasive, and they are impractical for assessing disease progression and treatment outcomes. Therefore, there is a need for a non-invasive and accurate investigative modality for DMD. In recent years, musculoskeletal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI-MSK) along with fractional anisotropy (FA) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) have become major non-invasive tools...

An 18-year-old male subject was referred to our MRI scanning center, by an orthopedic surgeon, for a swelling over the plantar region of the foot. He had been in a motor vehicle accident a few weeks back, with no evidence of fracture at the time of injury. In subsequent weeks, he developed a swelling over his foot. MRI showed the presence of a fluid intensity lesion in the subdermal and dermal layers of his foot. Unguarded motor vehicle accidents often tend to cause severe injuries. Sometimes, they even need operative management since a motor vehicle collision is a high-impact accident...

Musculoskeletal (MSK) disorders are associated with large impacts on patient's pain and quality of life. Conventional morphological imaging of tissue structure is limited in its ability to detect pain generators, early MSK disease, and rapidly assess treatment efficacy. Positron emission tomography (PET), which offers unique capabilities to evaluate molecular and metabolic processes, can provide novel information about early pathophysiologic changes that occur before structural or even microstructural changes can be detected...

During the past four decades, ultrasound has become popular as an imaging modality applied to the musculoskeletal (MSK) system, particularly outside the USA, due to its low cost, accessibility, and lack of ionizing radiation. A basic requirement in performing these examinations is to have a core group of radiologists and ultrasound technologists with expertise in MSK ultrasound. The extent to which ultrasound will be part of the imaging offered by a particular radiology practice or in an academic institution will vary according to expertise, availability, and reimbursements...

For nonsurgical musculoskeletal (MSK) injuries in athletes, image-guided percutaneous intervention may aid in recovery and decrease return to play (RTP) time. These interventions fall into two major categories: to reduce inflammation (and therefore alleviate pain) or to promote healing. This review describes the risks and benefits of the various percutaneous interventions in MSK athletic injury and surveys the literature regarding the implication of these interventions on RTP.

BACKGROUND: In light of the ongoing clinical development of KRAS G12D-specific inhibitors, we sought to investigate the clinicopathologic, co-occurring genomic features and outcomes of patients with KRAS G12D-mutant lung adenocarcinoma. METHODS: 3828 patients with completely resected primary lung adenocarcinomas were examined for KRAS mutations between 2008 and 2020. The association between KRAS G12D and clinicopathologic features, molecular profiles, and outcomes was investigated...

Medullary sponge kidney (MSK) is a description of radiographic features. However, the pathogenesis of MSK remains unclear. MSK is supposed to be the cause of secondary distal renal tubular acidosis (dRTA), although there are case reports suggesting that MSK is a complication of primary dRTA. In addition to these reports, we report three patients with metabolic acidosis and MSK, in whom primary dRTA is confirmed by molecular genetic analyses of SLC4A1 and ATP6V1B1 genes. With a comprehensive genetics first approach using the 100,000 Genomes Rare Diseases Project dataset the association between MSK and primary dRTA is examined...

OBJECTIVE: To assess the clinical impact of diagnostic musculoskeletal (MSK) injections on treatment decision-making in adolescent and adult patients at a children's hospital. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective study in patients who underwent diagnostic MSK injections by fluoroscopy or ultrasound (US) between 8/2020 and 3/2023 at a children's hospital. Patients received ropivacaine and triamcinolone acetonide at pain site, reporting quantitative FACES pain score prior to, immediately following, and 2-3 days following injection...

PURPOSE:  In the last few years artificial intelligence (AI) has increasingly become a topic of interest, especially in diagnostic imaging. There are two main expected potential benefits: workflow effectiveness and diagnostic support systems, particularly as far as quality assurance is concerned. METHODS:  To meet these objectives, it is necessary to define what artificial intelligence in medicine means and to discuss which detailed steps should be fulfilled, e...

OBJECTIVE: To assess the impact of kidney stone disease (KSD) and its treatment on the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of high-risk stone formers with hyperparathyroidism, renal tubular acidosis, malabsorptive disease, and medullary sponge kidney. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The Wisconsin Stone Quality of Life questionnaire was used to evaluate HRQOL in 3301 patients with a history of KSD from 16 institutions in North America between 2014 and 2020. Baseline characteristics and medical history were collected from patients, while active KSD was confirmed through radiological imaging...

This history page in the series "Leaders in MSK radiology" is dedicated to the memory and achievements of the German radiologist Gustav Peter Bucky who invented the Bucky diaphragm grids. He wanted to become an engineer but bowed to his parents' wishes and went to medical school. By using his technical skills, he made revolutionary contributions to the early X-ray technique.

Sarcomas are heterogeneous rare tumors predominantly affecting the musculoskeletal (MSK) system. Due to significant variations in their natural history and variable response to conventional treatments, the discovery of novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers to guide therapeutic decision-making is an active and ongoing field of research. As new cellular, molecular, and metabolic biomarkers continue to be discovered, quantitative radiologic imaging is becoming increasingly important in sarcoma management...

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is essential in the management of musculoskeletal (MSK) tumors. This review delves into the diverse MRI modalities, focusing on anatomical, functional, and metabolic sequences that provide essential biomarkers for tumor detection, characterization, disease extent determination, and assessment of treatment response. MRI's multimodal capabilities offer a range of biomarkers that enhance MSK tumor evaluation, aiding in better patient management.

Senescent cells play a vital role in the pathogenesis of musculoskeletal (MSK) diseases, such as chronic inflammatory joint disorders, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and osteoarthritis (OA). Cellular senescence in articular joints represents a response of local cells to persistent stress that leads to cell-cycle arrest and enhanced production of inflammatory cytokines, which in turn perpetuates joint damage and leads to significant morbidities in afflicted patients. It has been recently discovered that clearance of senescent cells by novel "senolytic" therapies can attenuate the chronic inflammatory microenvironment of RA and OA, preventing further disease progression and supporting healing processes...

PURPOSE: Ongoing quality improvement (QI) processes in the authors' department include the insertion of a Kellgren-Lawrence (KL) osteoarthritis grading template in knee radiography reports to decrease unnecessary MRI. However, uniform adoption of this grading system is lacking. Department-wide financial incentives were instituted to improve compliance with QI metrics. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of a financial incentive on KL grading system use and to compare compliance rates of musculoskeletal (MSK) radiologists with those of general radiologists who were not financially incentivized to use KL grading...

Dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) is an exciting application in CT technology conferring many advantages over conventional single energy CT at no additional with comparable radiation dose to the patient. Various emerging and increasingly established clinical DECT applications in musculoskeletal (MSK) imaging such as bone marrow edema detection, metal artifact reduction, monosodium urate (MSU) analysis, as well as collagen analysis for ligamentous, meniscal and disc injuries are made possible through its advanced DECT post processing capabilities...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

BACKGROUND: General pediatricians often initially address children's musculoskeletal (MSK) issues and play a crucial role in triaging and managing patients' rheumatologic conditions. This study assessed the effectiveness of a structured curriculum in enhancing pediatric residents' knowledge, MSK examination skills, and confidence during a 4-week pediatric rheumatology rotation. METHODS: Pediatric residents in their either second or third year who participated in the 4-week rheumatology rotation once across three academic years (July 2020-June 2023) were enrolled...

Tuberculosis (TB) represents a major public health problem worldwide. Any tissue may be infected. Involvement of the musculoskeletal (MSK) system account for 1-3% of all tuberculous infections. MSK TB may manifest as tuberculous spondylitis, arthritis, osteomyelitis, and soft tissue infections. Although TB spondylitis may present with distinctive imaging features compared to pyogenic infections of the spine, the imaging semiology of extra-spinal TB infections is mostly nonspecific and may mimic other lesions...