keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38097057/integrated-metabolomics-and-proteomics-analysis-to-understand-muscle-atrophy-resistance-in-hibernating-spermophilus-dauricus
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kai Dang, Yuan Gao, Huiping Wang, Huajian Yang, Yong Kong, Shanfeng Jiang, Airong Qian
Hibernating Spermophilus dauricus experiences minor muscle atrophy, which is an attractive anti-disuse muscle atrophy model. Integrated metabolomics and proteomics analysis was performed on the hibernating S. dauricus during the pre-hibernation (PRE) stage, torpor (TOR) stage, interbout arousal (IBA) stage, and post-hibernation (POST) stage. Time course stage transition-based (TOR vs. PRE, IBA vs. TOR, POST vs. IBA) differential expression analysis was performed based on the R limma package. A total of 14 co-differential metabolites were detected...
December 12, 2023: Cryobiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38077129/cold-induced-suspension-and-resetting-of-ca-2-and-transcriptional-rhythms-in-the-suprachiasmatic-nucleus-neurons
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ryosuke Enoki, Naohiro Kon, Kimiko Shimizu, Kenta Kobayashi, Sota Hiro, Ching-Pu Chang, Tatsuto Nakane, Hirokazu Ishii, Joe Sakamoto, Yoshifumi Yamaguchi, Tomomi Nemoto
Does the circadian clock keep running under such hypothermic states as daily torpor and hibernation? This fundamental question has been a research subject for decades but has remained unsettled. We addressed this subject by monitoring the circadian rhythm of clock gene transcription and intracellular Ca2+ in the neurons of the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), master circadian clock, in vitro under a cold environment. We discovered that the transcriptional and Ca2+ rhythms are maintained at 22°C-28°C, but suspended at 15°C, accompanied by a large Ca2+ increase...
December 15, 2023: IScience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38074328/seasonal-variation-in-telomerase-activity-and-telomere-dynamics-in-a-hibernating-rodent-the-garden-dormouse-eliomys-quercinus
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Carlos Galindo-Lalana, Franz Hoelzl, Sandrine Zahn, Caroline Habold, Jessica S Cornils, Sylvain Giroud, Steve Smith
Telomere dynamics in hibernating species are known to reflect seasonal changes in somatic maintenance. Throughout hibernation, the periodic states of rewarming, known as inter-bout euthermia or arousals, are associated with high metabolic costs including shortening of telomeres. In the active season, if high energetic resources are available, telomere length can be restored in preparation for the upcoming winter. The mechanism for telomere elongation has not been clearly demonstrated, although the action of the ribonucleoprotein complex, telomerase, has been implicated in many species...
2023: Frontiers in Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38014200/remodelling-of-skeletal-muscle-myosin-metabolic-states-in-hibernating-mammals
#24
Christopher T A Lewis, Elise G Melhedegaard, Marija M Ognjanovic, Mathilde S Olsen, Jenni Laitila, Robert A E Seaborne, Magnus Nørregaard Grønset, Chengxin Zhang, Hiroyuki Iwamoto, Anthony L Hessel, Michel N Kuehn, Carla Merino, Nuria Amigó, Ole Fröbert, Sylvain Giroud, James F Staples, Anna V Goropashnaya, Vadim B Fedorov, Brian M Barnes, Øivind Tøien, Kelly L Drew, Ryan J Sprenger, Julien Ochala
Hibernation is a period of metabolic suppression utilized by many small and large mammal species to survive during winter periods. As the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms remain incompletely understood, our study aimed to determine whether skeletal muscle myosin and its metabolic efficiency undergo alterations during hibernation to optimize energy utilization. We isolated muscle fibers from small hibernators, Ictidomys tridecemlineatus and Eliomys quercinus and larger hibernators, Ursus arctos and Ursus americanus ...
November 16, 2023: bioRxiv
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37992720/dorsomedial-and-preoptic-hypothalamic-circuits-control-torpor
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hiroshi Yamaguchi, Keith R Murphy, Noriaki Fukatsu, Kazuhide Sato, Akihiro Yamanaka, Luis de Lecea
Endotherms can survive low temperatures and food shortage by actively entering a hypometabolic state known as torpor. Although the decrease in metabolic rate and body temperature (Tb) during torpor is controlled by the brain, the specific neural circuits underlying these processes have not been comprehensively elucidated. In this study, we identify the neural circuits involved in torpor regulation by combining whole-brain mapping of torpor-activated neurons, cell-type-specific manipulation of neural activity, and viral tracing-based circuit mapping...
November 14, 2023: Current Biology: CB
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37964523/sexes-in-sync-phenotypic-plasticity-sexual-selection-and-phenological-synchrony-between-the-sexes-in-a-wild-hibernator
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Megan J Thompson, F Stephen Dobson, David W Coltman, Jan O Murie, Shirley Raveh, Jeffrey E Lane
Desynchrony of phenological responses to climate change is a major concern for ecological communities. Potential uncoupling between one of the most fundamental divisions within populations, males and females, has not been well studied. To address this gap, we examined sex-specific plasticity in hibernation phenology in two populations of Columbian ground squirrels ( Urocitellus columbianus ). We find that both sexes display similar phenological plasticity to spring snowmelt dates in their timing of torpor termination and behavioural emergence from hibernation...
November 29, 2023: Proceedings. Biological Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37958769/weakened-contractile-performance-and-mitochondrial-respiratory-complex-activity-in-skeletal-muscle-improve-during-interbout-arousal-in-hibernating-daurian-ground-squirrel-spermophilus-dauricus
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Huiping Wang, Yuxi Guo, Wenjing Yan, Liqi Cao, Xiaozhuo Bai, Jing Zhao, Kai Dang, Yunfang Gao
Mammalian hibernation is composed of multiple episodes of torpor bout, separated by phases of interbout arousal. During torpor, the skeletal muscles of mammals are undoubtedly inactive, but it has been proven to mitigate disuse atrophy. While interbout arousal has been implicated in the prevention of muscle atrophy, the underlying mechanisms sustaining muscle contraction remain to be explored. In the present study, Daurian ground squirrels ( Spermophilus dauricus ) were divided into four groups: pre-hibernation (PRE), torpor (TOR), interbout arousal (IBA), and post-hibernation (POST)...
October 30, 2023: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37953827/similarities-and-differences-regarding-acute-anorexia-nervosa-and-semi-starvation-does-behavioral-thermoregulation-play-a-central-role
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lucille Lakier Smith
OBJECTIVE: To clarify the association between acute anorexia nervosa (AN) and semi-starvation (SS) by focusing on similarities and differences in physiology, mood, and behavior. METHOD: A comparison of published literature between these two groups. RESULTS: Both groups show similar hormonal and metabolic changes in response to caloric restriction and extreme weight loss (~25%). Associated changes result in a reduced body temperature (Tcore-low )...
2023: Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37930992/seasonal-and-fasting-induced-changes-in-iron-metabolism-in-djungarian-hamsters
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rawan Kawach, Victoria Diedrich, Andreas Gruber, Kerstin Leopold, Annika Herwig, Maja Vujić Spasić
Djungarian hamsters are small rodents that show pronounced physiological acclimations in response to changes in photoperiod, and unfavorable environmental conditions such as reduced food availability and low external temperature. These include substantial adjustments, such as severe body weight loss and the use of daily torpor. Torpor is a state of decreased physiological activity in eutherms, usually marked by low metabolic rate and a reduced body temperature. In this study, we investigated the effects of photoperiodic acclimation and food deprivation on systemic iron metabolism in Djungarian hamsters...
2023: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37925593/comparative-transcriptomics-of-the-garden-dormouse-hypothalamus-during-hibernation
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Elena Haugg, Janus Borner, Gabrielle Stalder, Anna Kübber-Heiss, Sylvain Giroud, Annika Herwig
Torpor or heterothermy is an energy saving mechanism used by endotherms to overcome harsh environmental conditions. During winter, the garden dormouse (Eliomys quercinus) hibernates with multiday torpor bouts and body temperatures of a few degrees Celsius, interrupted by brief euthermic phases. This study investigates gene expression within the hypothalamus, the key brain area controlling energy balance, adding information on differential gene expression potentially relevant to orchestrate torpor. A de novo assembled transcriptome of the hypothalamus was generated from garden dormice hibernating under constant darkness without food and water at 5 °C...
November 4, 2023: FEBS Open Bio
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37851102/torpid-13-lined-ground-squirrel-liver-mitochondria-resist-anoxia-reoxygenation-despite-high-levels-of-protein-damage
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Brynne M Duffy, Leah Hayward, James F Staples
Hibernation confers resistance to ischemia-reperfusion injury in tissue, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Suppression of mitochondrial respiration during torpor may contribute to this tolerance. To explore this concept, we subjected isolated liver mitochondria from torpid, interbout euthermic (IBE) and summer 13-lined ground squirrels (Ictidomys tridecemlineatus) to 5 min of anoxia, followed by reoxygenation (A/R). We also included rat liver mitochondria as a non-hibernating comparison group. Maximum respiration rates of mitochondria from torpid ground squirrels were not affected by A/R, but in IBE and summer, these rates decreased by 50% following A/R and in rats they decreased by 80%...
October 18, 2023: Journal of Comparative Physiology. B, Biochemical, Systemic, and Environmental Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37817598/hibernation-telomere-dynamics-in-a-shifting-climate-insights-from-wild-greater-horseshoe-bats
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Megan L Power, Roger D Ransome, Sébastien Riquier, Luke Romaine, Gareth Jones, Emma C Teeling
Hibernation is linked with various hypotheses to explain the extended lifespan of hibernating mammals compared with their non-hibernating counterparts. Studies on telomeres, markers of ageing and somatic maintenance, suggest telomere shortening slows during hibernation, and lengthening may reflect self-maintenance with favourable conditions. Bats in temperate zones adjust body temperatures during winter torpor to conserve energy and exploit mild conditions for foraging. Climate change may impact the hibernation cycle of bats, but more research is needed regarding the role of telomeres in understanding their response to a changing climate...
October 11, 2023: Proceedings. Biological Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37815465/high-latitude-northern-bats-eptesicus-nilssonii-reveal-adaptations-to-both-high-and-low-ambient-temperatures
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rune Sørås, Mari Aas Fjelldal, Claus Bech, Jeroen van der Kooij, Katrine Eldegard, Clare Stawski
Insectivorous bats at northern latitudes need to cope with long periods of no food for large parts of the year. Hence, bats which are resident at northern latitudes throughout the year will need to undergo a long hibernation season and a short reproductive season where foraging time is limited by extended daylight periods. Eptesicus nilssonii is the northernmost occurring bat species worldwide and hibernates locally when ambient temperatures (Ta) limit prey availability. Therefore, we investigated the energy spent maintaining normothermy at different Tas, as well as how much bats limit energy expenditure while in torpor...
October 10, 2023: Journal of Experimental Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37812305/sleep-deprivation-soon-after-recovery-from-synthetic-torpor-enhances-tau-protein-dephosphorylation-in-the-rat-brain
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Timna Hitrec, Fabio Squarcio, Emiliana Piscitiello, Matteo Cerri, Davide Martelli, Alessandra Occhinegro, Ludovico Taddei, Domenico Tupone, Roberto Amici, Marco Luppi
Neuronal Tau protein hyperphosphorylation (PPtau) is a hallmark of tauopathic neurodegeneration. However, a reversible brain PPtau occurs in mammals during either natural or "synthetic" torpor (ST), a transient deep hypothermic state that can be pharmacologically induced in rats. Since in both conditions a high sleep pressure builds up during the regaining of euthermia, the aim of this work was to assess the possible role of post-ST sleep in PPtau dephosphorylation. Male rats were studied at the hypothermic nadir of ST, and 3-6 h after the recovery of euthermia, after either normal sleep (NS) or total sleep deprivation (SD)...
October 9, 2023: Journal of Comparative Physiology. B, Biochemical, Systemic, and Environmental Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37795532/plasticity-changes-in-neuromuscular-junction-morphology-and-related-regulatory-proteins-in-the-hibernating-ground-squirrel
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yue He, Hui-Ping Wang, Fang-Yang Pan, Shen-Hui Xu, Yun-Fang Gao
Skeletal muscle disuse atrophy can cause degenerative changes in neuromuscular junction morphology. Although Daurian ground squirrels ( Spermophilus dauricus ) are a natural anti-disuse animal model for studying muscle atrophy during hibernation, little is known about the morphological and regulatory mechanisms of their neuromuscular junctions. Here, we found that morphological indices of the soleus muscle were significantly lower during hibernation (torpor and interbout arousal) compared to pre-hibernation but recovered during post-hibernation...
October 5, 2023: Journal of Applied Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37793045/a-highly-contiguous-genome-assembly-for-the-pocket-mouse-perognathus-longimembris-longimembris
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Krzysztof M Kozak, Merly Escalona, Noravit Chumchim, Colin Fairbairn, Mohan P A Marimuthu, Oanh Nguyen, Ruta Sahasrabudhe, William Seligmann, Chris Conroy, James L Patton, Rauri C K Bowie, Michael W Nachman
The little pocket mouse, Perognathus longimembris, and its nine congeners are small heteromyid rodents found in arid and seasonally arid regions of Western North America. The genus is characterized by behavioral and physiological adaptations to dry and often harsh environments, including nocturnality, seasonal torpor, food caching, enhanced osmoregulation, and a well-developed sense of hearing. Here we present a genome assembly of Perognathus longimembris longimembris generated from PacBio HiFi long read and Omni-C chromatin-proximity sequencing as part of the California Conservation Genomics Project...
October 4, 2023: Journal of Heredity
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37792040/gcn2-is-required-to-maintain-core-body-temperature-in-mice-during-acute-cold
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jordan L Levy, Emily T Mirek, Esther M Rodriguez, Brian Zalma, Jeffrey Burns, William O Jonsson, Harini Sampath, Kirk A Staschke, Ronald C Wek, Tracy G Anthony
Nonshivering thermogenesis in rodents requires macronutrients to fuel the generation of heat during hypothermic conditions. In this study, we examined the role of the nutrient sensing kinase, general control nonderepressible 2 (GCN2) in directing adaptive thermogenesis during acute cold exposure in mice. We hypothesized that GCN2 is required for adaptation to acute cold stress via activation of the integrated stress response (ISR) resulting in liver production of FGF21 and increased amino acid transport to support nonshivering thermogenesis...
October 4, 2023: American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37782317/mice-lacking-triglyceride-synthesis-enzymes-in-adipose-tissue-are-resistant-to-diet-induced-obesity
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chandramohan Chitraju, Alexander W Fischer, Yohannes A Ambaw, Kun Wang, Bo Yuan, Sheng Hui, Tobias C Walther, Robert V Farese
Triglycerides (TGs) in adipocytes provide the major stores of metabolic energy in the body. Optimal amounts of TG stores are desirable as insufficient capacity to store TG, as in lipodystrophy, or exceeding the capacity for storage, as in obesity, results in metabolic disease. We hypothesized that mice lacking TG storage in adipocytes would result in excess TG storage in cell types other than adipocytes and severe lipotoxicity accompanied by metabolic disease. To test this hypothesis, we selectively deleted both TG synthesis enzymes, DGAT1 and DGAT2, in adipocytes (ADGAT DKO mice)...
October 2, 2023: ELife
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37752106/natural-product-p57-induces-hypothermia-through-targeting-pyridoxal-kinase
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ruina Wang, Lei Xiao, Jianbo Pan, Guangsen Bao, Yunmei Zhu, Di Zhu, Jun Wang, Chengfeng Pei, Qinfeng Ma, Xian Fu, Ziruoyu Wang, Mengdi Zhu, Guoxiang Wang, Ling Gong, Qiuping Tong, Min Jiang, Junchi Hu, Miao He, Yun Wang, Tiejun Li, Chunmin Liang, Wei Li, Chunmei Xia, Zengxia Li, Dengke K Ma, Minjia Tan, Jun Yan Liu, Wei Jiang, Cheng Luo, Biao Yu, Yongjun Dang
Induction of hypothermia during hibernation/torpor enables certain mammals to survive under extreme environmental conditions. However, pharmacological induction of hypothermia in most mammals remains a huge challenge. Here we show that a natural product P57 promptly induces hypothermia and decreases energy expenditure in mice. Mechanistically, P57 inhibits the kinase activity of pyridoxal kinase (PDXK), a key metabolic enzyme of vitamin B6 catalyzing phosphorylation of pyridoxal (PL), resulting in the accumulation of PL in hypothalamus to cause hypothermia...
September 26, 2023: Nature Communications
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37745243/mating-in-the-cold-prolonged-sperm-storage-provides-opportunities-for-forced-copulation-by-male-bats-during-winter
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Takahiro Sato, Toshie Sugiyama, Tsuneo Sekijima
In a wide range of heterothermic mammals, hibernation interrupts the reproductive cycle by forcing reproductive delays. In hibernating bats with delayed fertilization, an opportunity for sperm competition is enhanced by extending a time-window between copulations and fertilization. In order to achieve greater fertilization success, males are expected to show adaptations for sperm competition by increasing their opportunities for mating over an extended period. We aimed to clarify the physiological and behavioral characteristics of male bats experiencing increased risks of sperm competition...
2023: Frontiers in Physiology
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