Gawande

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Tensor algebra operations such as contractions in computational chemistry consume a significant fraction of the computing time on large-scale computing platforms. The widespread use of tensor contractions between large multi-dimensional tensors in describing electronic structure theory has motivated the development of multiple tensor algebra frameworks targeting heterogeneous computing platforms. In this paper, we present Tensor Algebra for Many-body Methods (TAMM), a framework for productive and performance-portable development of scalable computational chemistry methods...

Omicron variant is evolving into numerous sub variants with time and the information on the characteristics of these newly evolving variants are scant. Here we performed a pathogenicity evaluation of Omicron sub variants BA.2.12, BA.5.2 and XBB.1 against the Delta variant in 6-8-week-old Syrian hamster model. Body weight change, viral load in respiratory organs by real time RT-PCR/titration, cytokine mRNA quantification and histopathological evaluation of the lungs were performed. The intranasal infection of the BA...

OBJECTIVE: To determine the effects of mindfulness training for primary care (MTPC), an integrated warm mindfulness training program, on emotion regulation and its relationship with health behavior change. Interventions that improve self-regulation, particularly emotion regulation, are needed for the self-management of comorbid chronic physical and mental illnesses. Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) may impact self-regulation and facilitate health behavior change. METHOD: A randomized controlled comparative effectiveness trial was conducted in a population of adult primary care patients to evaluate the impact of MTPC versus a low-dose mindfulness comparator (LDC) on self-reported difficulties in emotion regulation (DERS) total score and other assays of self-regulation at baseline, Weeks 8 and 24...

Video 1The colonoscopy showed a nondilated rectum, distal sigmoid, and a roomy, dilated proximal colon, with the transition zone at 23 cm from the squamo-columnar junction.

BACKGROUND: Ovarian cancer (OC) is the deadliest gynecological cancer, often diagnosed at advanced stages. A fast and accurate diagnostic method for early-stage OC is needed. The tumor marker gangliosides, GD2 and GD3, exhibit properties that make them ideal potential diagnostic biomarkers, but they have never before been quantified in OC. We investigated the diagnostic utility of GD2 and GD3 for diagnosis of all subtypes and stages of OC. METHODS: This retrospective study evaluated GD2 and GD3 expression in biobanked tissue and serum samples from patients with invasive epithelial OC, healthy donors, non-malignant gynecological conditions, and other cancers...

Transcription factors (TF) recognize specific motifs in the genome that are typically 6-12 bp long to regulate various aspects of the cellular machinery. Presence of binding motifs and favorable genome accessibility are key drivers for a consistent TF-DNA interaction. Although these pre-requisites may occur thousands of times in the genome, there seems to be a high degree of selectivity for the sites that are actually bound. Here, we present a deep-learning framework that identifies and characterizes the upstream and downstream genetic elements to the binding motif, for their role in enforcing the mentioned selectivity...

INTRODUCTION: Filler size affects how the material is coated and finished, while filler stacking affects how strong the material is, how flexible it is, how resistant it is to wear, and how much it shrinks when it polymerizes. The purpose of this research was to compare micro-hybrid, nano-composite, and bulk-fill composites with respect to their compressive strength, diametric tensile strength, and flexural strength. MATERIALS AND METHODS: To organize the samples according to International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 4049 and American Dental Association (ADA) detail number 27, we used a custom-made Teflon mold...

Thalamic regulation of cortical function is important for several behavioral aspects including attention and sensorimotor control. This region has also been studied for its involvement in seizure activity. Among the NMDA receptor subunits GluN2C and GluN2D are particularly enriched in several thalamic nuclei including nucleus reticularis of the thalamus (nRT). We have previously found that GluN2C deletion does not have a strong influence on the basal excitability and burst firing characteristics of reticular thalamus neurons...

Ayurvedic therapy has been shown to be effective in treating various liver disorders. Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) is a rare but serious disorder characterized by obstruction of the hepatic venous outflow. The prognosis of patients is usually poor. We hereby present the case of a 42-year-old, obese female patient with BCS who was treated exclusively with herbo-mineral Ayurvedic medicines. This patient had inferior vena cava, portal vein, and hepatic vein thromboses with moderate liver fibrosis. The main line of treatment was the use of herbo-mineral compounds to remove the blood clots present in the above-mentioned veins...

BACKGROUND: Parvalbumin interneuron (PVI) activity synchronizes medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) circuit for normal cognitive function and its impairment may contribute to schizophrenia (SZ). NMDA receptors in PVIs participate in these activities and form the basis for NMDA receptor hypofunction hypothesis of SZ. However, the role of GluN2D subunit, enriched in PVIs, in regulating molecular networks relevant to SZ is unknown. METHODS: Using electrophysiology and mouse model with conditional deletion of GluN2D from PVIs (PV-GluN2D KO) we examined the cell excitability and neurotransmission in mPFC...

Insects possess beneficial and nuisance values in the context of the agricultural sector and human life around them. An ensemble of gut symbionts assists insects to adapt to diverse and extreme environments and to occupy every available niche on earth. Microbial symbiosis helps host insects by supplementing necessary diet elements, providing protection from predators and parasitoids through camouflage, modulation of signaling pathway to attain homeostasis and to trigger immunity against pathogens, hijacking plant pathways to circumvent plant defence, acquiring the capability to degrade chemical pesticides, and degradation of harmful pesticides...

OsMADS29 (M29) is a crucial regulator of seed development in rice. The expression of M29 is strictly regulated at transcriptional as well as post-transcriptional levels. The MADS-box proteins are known to bind to DNA as dimers. However, in the case of M29, the dimerization also plays a vital role in its localization into the nucleus. The factor(s) that affect oligomerization and nuclear transport of MADS proteins have not yet been characterized. By using BiFC in transgenic BY-2 cell lines and Yeast-2-hybrid assay (Y2H), we show that calmodulin (CaM) interacts with M29 in a Ca2+ dependent manner...

BACKGROUND: Feline Panleukopenia is an important disease of cats and has been reported worldwide. The disease is caused by a non-enveloped, single-stranded DNA virus; Feline Panleukopenia Virus (FPLV), belonging to the Parvoviridae family. The disease causes significant mortality in unvaccinated kittens. The disease has been well documented in companion animals. However, only a few reports have surfaced from the wild. CASE PRESENTATION: An orphan leopard cub was presented to Wildlife Rescue Centre, Nagpur, for further care; the leopard was kept under quarantine...

Resident cochlear macrophages rapidly migrate into the inner hair cell synaptic region and directly contact the damaged synaptic connections after noise-induced synaptopathy. Eventually, such damaged synapses are spontaneously repaired, but the precise role of macrophages in synaptic degeneration and repair remains unknown. To address this, cochlear macrophages were eliminated using colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R) inhibitor, PLX5622. Sustained treatment with PLX5622 in CX3 CR1 GFP /+ mice of both sexes led to robust elimination of resident macrophages (∼94%) without significant adverse effects on peripheral leukocytes, cochlear function, and structure...

Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) have multifarious beneficial activities for plant growth promotion; act as source of metabolites, enzymes, nutrient mobilization, biological control of pests, induction of disease resistance vis-a-vis bioremediation potentials by phytoextraction and detoxification of heavy metals, pollutants and pesticides. Agrochemicals and synthetic pesticides are currently being utilized widely in all major field crops, thereby adversely affecting human and animal health, and posing serious threats to the environments...

The intriguing features of surface-engineered hexagonal two-dimensional boron nitride ( h -BN) nanostructures have captivated the immense interest of researchers working in the arena of materials science. Inspired by striking attributes exhibited by h -BN nanosheets as the support material, we devoted our efforts towards synthesizing a novel magnetically retrievable h -BN/Fe3 O4 /APTES-AMF/CuII catalytic system, which was then comprehensively characterized using various techniques including SEM, TEM, EDX, SEM-based elemental mapping, ED-XRF, AAS, XRD, FT-IR, VSM, XPS, TGA, and BET...

Garlic ( Allium sativum L.) is a clonally propagated bulbous crop and can be infected by several viruses under field conditions. A virus complex reduces garlic yield and deteriorates the quality of the produce. In the present study, we aimed to eliminate Onion yellow dwarf virus (OYDV), Garlic common latent virus (GCLV), Shallot latent virus (SLV), and Allexiviruses from the infected crop using combination of meristem culture, thermotherapy, and chemotherapy. In this study, seven different treatments, namely shoot meristem culture, thermotherapy direct culture, chemotherapy direct culture, chemotherapy + meristem culture, thermotherapy + meristem culture, thermotherapy + chemotherapy direct culture, and thermotherapy + chemotherapy + meristem culture (TCMC), were used...

For the burgeoning global population, sustainable agriculture practices are crucial for accomplishing the zero-hunger goal. The agriculture sector is very concerned about the rise in insecticide resistance and the Modern Environmental Health Hazards (MEHHs) that are problems for public health due to on pesticide exposure and residues. Currently, farming practices are being developed based on microbial bio-stimulants, which have fewer negative effects and are more efficient than synthetic agro-chemicals. In this context, one of the most important approaches in sustainable agriculture is the use of biocontrol microbes that can suppress phytopathogens and insects...

We have evaluated the immunogenicity of two dose of Covaxin given at a one-month interval to two adult populations, i.e. COVID-19 naïve-vaccinated individuals (n = 118) and COVID-19 recovered individuals (n = 128) with the vaccination. The immune response in the study population were assessed at three follow-ups, namely at one month post first dose, one and six months after the second dose. The persistence of S1RBD IgG and neutralizing antibodies for six months post vaccination was observed at different time intervals...