overnight

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Coronary heart disease morbidity and mortality are higher in people of South Asian origin than in those of African origin. We investigated whether as young adults without diabetes, people in Mauritius of South Asian descent (Indians) would show a more adverse cardiovascular risk profile that those of predominantly African descent (Creoles), and whether this could be explained by ethnic differences in visceral adiposity or other fat distribution patterns. METHODS: The study was conducted in 189 young non-physically active adults, with the following measurements conducted after an overnight fast: anthropometry (weight, height, waist circumference), whole-body and regional body composition by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, blood pressure, and blood assays for glycemic (glucose and HbA1c) and lipid profile (triglycerides and cholesterols)...

The present pilot study assessed the effects of multi-session intermittent theta-burst stimulation (iTBS) applied to the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in 17 treatment resistant depressed inpatients (TRDs) showing cortisol non-suppression to the overnight dexamethasone suppression test (DST) at baseline (i.e., maximum post-DST cortisol [CORmax ] level > 130 nmol/L). After 20 iTBS sessions, the DST was repeated in all TRDs. At baseline, post-DST CORmax levels were higher in TRDs compared to healthy control subjects (HCs; n = 17) (p < 0...

Evidence suggests that tart cherry (TC) supplementation has beneficial effects on health indices and recovery following strenuous exercise. However, little is known about the mechanisms and how TC might modulate the human metabolome. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of an acute high- and low-dose of Vistula TC supplementation on the metabolomic profile in humans. In a randomised, double-blind, placebo controlled, cross-over design, 12 healthy participants (nine male and three female; mean ± SD age, stature, and mass were 29 ± 7 years old, 1...

KH-type splicing regulatory protein (KSRP) is a single-stranded nucleic acid-binding protein with multiple functions. It is known to bind AU-rich motifs within the 3'-untranslated region of mRNA species, which in many cases encode dynamically regulated proteins like cytokines. In the present study, we investigated the role of KSRP for the immunophenotype of macrophages using bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM) from wild-type (WT) and KSRP-/- mice. RNA sequencing revealed that KSRP-/- BMDM displayed significantly higher mRNA expression levels of genes involved in inflammatory and immune responses, particularly type I interferon responses, following LPS stimulation...

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the fifth leading cause of death among adults aged 65 and older, yet the onset and progression of the disease is poorly understood. What is known is that the presence of amyloid, particularly polymerized Aβ42, defines when people are on the AD continuum. Interestingly, as AD progresses, less Aβ42 is detectable in the plasma, a phenomenon thought to result from Aβ becoming more aggregated in the brain and less Aβ42 and Aβ40 being transported from the brain to the plasma via the CSF...

Introduction : This study aimed to validate the ability of a prototype sport watch (Polar Electro Oy, FI) to recognize wake and sleep states in two trials with and without an interval training session (IT) 6 h prior to bedtime. Methods : Thirty-six participants completed this study. Participants performed a maximal aerobic test and three polysomnography (PSG) assessments. The first night served as a device familiarization night and to screen for sleep apnea. The second and third in-home PSG assessments were counterbalanced with/without IT...

OBJECTIVE: To determine the health status of the homeless population who spend the night on the streets and in shelters (extreme residential exclusion), with reference to their quality of life, self-perceived health, comorbidity and access to health resources. METHOD: A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out on a sample of 263 homeless people in the city of Valencia by means of a nocturnal count and using the EQ-5D-3L Health Related Quality of Life questionnaire and questions from the European Quality of Life Survey for Spain...

The occurrence of antibiotic resistance on common bacterial agents and the need to use new generations of antibiotics have led to the use of various strategies for production. Taking inspiration from nature, using bio-imitation patterns, in addition to the low cost of production, is advantageous and highly accurate. In this research, we were able to control the temperature, shake, and synthesis time of the synthesis conditions of Bacillus megaterium bacteria as a model for the synthesis of magnetic iron nanoparticles and optimize the ratio of reducing salt to bacterial regenerating agents as well as the concentration of salt to create iron oxide nanoparticles with more favorable properties and produced with more antibacterial properties...

OBJECTIVE: Insomnia disorder stands out as one of the prevalent clinical sleep and psychiatric disorders. Prior research has unequivocally demonstrated variations in the diversity and abundance of gut microbiota among individuals with insomnia disorder. These alterations may play a direct or indirect role in the onset and progression of insomnia disorder by compromising the integrity of the intestinal barrier. This study aims to evaluate the impairment of the intestinal barrier in individuals with insomnia disorder by scrutinizing the serum functionality of this barrier...

MicroRNAs are involved in post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. Due to their regulatory role, microRNAs are differently expressed during specific conditions in healthy and diseased individuals, so microRNAs circulating in the blood could be used as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for various diseases and conditions. We want to investigate the variability of circulating microRNAs and bone turnover markers in weekly time intervals in older women. In a single-site longitudinal study, a panel of 19 bone-related miRNAs was measured using the osteomiR RT-qPCR assay in serum samples of 35 postmenopausal women divided into 3 groups: healthy controls ( n  = 12), low BMD ( n  = 14), and vertebral fractures ( n  = 9)...

BACKGROUND: Excess salt consumption increases blood pressure, and therefore, this substudy was designed among rural hypertensive individuals to assess the baseline knowledge about hypertension (HTN), and dietary salt intake behavior and identify the potential predictors for urinary salt excretion in Bangladesh. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 420 participants were enrolled after meeting the eligibility criteria during the 12 months of the study period. The participants received behavior changes related to short message services (SMS) and face-to-face education from community health workers...

OBJECTIVES: Fluorescence spectroscopy of human urine is a method with the potential to gain importance as a diagnostic tool in the medical field, e.g., for measuring Coproporphyrin III (CPIII) as an indicator of cancer and acute types of porphyria. Food can change human urine's color, which could influence the urine fluorescence spectrum and the detection of CPIII in urine. To determine if there is a noticeable influence on the urine fluorescence spectrum or on the detection of CPIII in urine, 16 vitamin supplements, and three food items were tested...

BACKGROUND: Upper body obesity (UBO) results in insulin resistance with regards to free fatty acid (FFA) release; how this differs by fat depot and sex between UBO and lean adults is unknown. We tested the hypothesis that insulin suppression of FFA release from the splanchnic bed, leg fat and upper body non-splanchnic (UBNS) adipose tissue would be impaired in UBO. METHODS: Fourteen UBO (7 men, 7 women) and 14 healthy, normal weight (7 men, 7 women) volunteers participated in studies that included femoral artery, femoral vein and hepatic vein catheterization...

Breathing effort is important to quantify to understand mechanisms underlying central and obstructive sleep apnea, respiratory-related arousals, and the timing and effectiveness of invasive or non-invasive mechanically assisted ventilation. Current quantitative methods to evaluate breathing effort rely on inspiratory esophageal or epiglottic pressure swings or changes in diaphragm electromyographic (EMG) activity, where units are problematic to interpret and compare between individuals and to measured ventilation...

Increased day lengths and warm conditions inversely affect plant growth by directly modulating nuclear phyB, ELF3, and COP1 levels. Quantitative measures of the hypocotyl length have been key to gaining a deeper understanding of this complex regulatory network, while similar quantitative data are the foundation for many studies in plant biology. Here, we explore the application of mathematical modeling, specifically ordinary differential equations (ODEs), to understand plant responses to these environmental cues...

BACKGROUND: Siglec-3 (CD33) is a major Siglec expressed on human mast cells and basophils and engagement of CD33 leads to inhibition of cellular signaling via immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motifs (ITIMs). OBJECTIVE: We sought to inhibit human basophil degranulation by simultaneously recruiting inhibitory CD33 to the IgE-FcεRI complex using monoclonal anti-IgE directly conjugated to CD33 ligand (CD33L). METHODS: Direct and indirect basophil activation tests (BAT) were used to assess both antigen-specific (peanut) and antigen non-specific (polyclonal anti-IgE) stimulation...

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to examine changes and the bi-directional relationship in sleep and movement, and health and well-being among new parents and differences by sex. METHODS: This secondary data analysis included both conditions from a randomized control trial to improve new parents'physical activity [PA] and recruited couples. Parents ( n  = 181, 117 couples represented 31.5 ± 4.4 years, 51.3% women, 83.3% White) completed questionnaires on regular overnight sleep duration, PA, mental health (perceived stress), physical health (physical quality of life [PQoL]), and well-being (life satisfaction) at 2-, 4-, 6-, and 8-month postpartum...

Objective This study aimed to assess the impact of acute and short-term supplementation with NAD3® , a theacrine-containing supplement, on circulating adult stem cell numbers in a healthy male and female population aged 40-70 years. Methods This was a double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study with 12 participants randomized to receive either NAD3® or a placebo for seven days. Blood samples were collected after an overnight fast, before and after the seven-day supplementation period, and one and two hours after the final supplement dose...

Diabetes increases the likelihood of germ cell damage, hypogonadism, and male infertility. Diabetes leads to lower zinc (Zn) levels, an important micronutrient for maintaining male fertility, and zinc deficiency can lead to decreased male fertility through multiple mechanisms. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of combined metformin and zinc administration on epididymis in diabetic mice; 10 of 50 male mice were randomly selected as the control group (group C), and the remaining 40 mice were randomly divided into untreated diabetes group (group D), diabetes + zinc group (group Z), diabetes + metformin group (group M), and diabetes + metformin + zinc group (group ZM) with 10 mice each...

This 32-centre multicentre study addresses the lack of knowledge about the prevalence and significance of microbial keratitis (MK) associated with contact lens (CL) wear in Spain. A total of 304 cases recruited from 32 hospitals were studied and showed that infectious keratitis associated with contact lens wear mainly affects young women during the summer months. In this study, soft lenses with monthly replacement and single solution cleaning were most commonly used, purchased and fitted in opticians' shops...