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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Florian Buchkremer, Philipp Schuetz, Beat Mueller, Stephan Segerer
INTRODUCTION: The diagnostic algorithms currently used for hypotonic hyponatremia focus primarily on impaired urinary dilution and often neglect the influence of free water intake and solute excretion. We hypothesized that, in each case of hypotonic hyponatremia different pathophysiological mechanisms play a role simultaneously. METHODS: Using clinical data of the previous observational Co-Med study, we defined each case of hypotonic hyponatremia concurrently in 3 dimensions as follows: (i) high net free water intake (HNFWI), (ii) impaired dilution of the urine (IDU), and (iii) low nonelectrolyte solute excretion (LNESE)...
December 2023: KI Reports
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nicholas L Bormann, Benjamin Miskle, Paul Holdefer, Stephan Arndt, Alison C Lynch, Andrea N Weber
BACKGROUND: People who inject drugs (PWID) have an increased risk of soft tissue infection, drug overdose and death. Females may be particularly vulnerable due to barriers to substance use disorder (SUD) treatment entry, stigma, and telescoping, or the greater severity in substance use-related comorbidity and consequences despite a shorter history of use. We set out to identify sex differences in United States injection drug use (IDU). METHODS: The Treatment Episode Dataset-Admission (2000-2020) provided data to identify PWID undergoing their initial SUD treatment admission...
December 2023: Drug Alcohol Depend Rep
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Margaret O'Sullivan, Anna-Marie Jones, Adele Mourad, Yazan Haddadin, Sumita Verma
Achieving hepatitic C virus (HCV) elimination requires linking people who use drugs (PWUD) into care. We report final direct-acting antivirals (DAAs)-based outcomes from the Integrated-Test-stage -Treat (ITTREAT) study. Project ITTREAT (2013-2021), based at an addiction centre, was a 'one-stop' service with innovative linkage to care strategies. Primary outcome was sustained virological response (SVR12) (intention to treat ITT) including whether individuals were recruited in first (period 1) versus last four (period 2 included the COVID-19 pandemic) years of the study...
November 28, 2023: Journal of Viral Hepatitis
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Angelos Liontos, Dimitrios Biros, Rafail Matzaras, Konstantina-Helen Tsarapatsani, Nikolaos-Gavriel Kolios, Athina Zarachi, Konstantinos Tatsis, Christiana Pappa, Maria Nasiou, Eleni Pargana, Ilias Tsiakas, Diamantina Lymperatou, Sempastien Filippas-Ntekouan, Lazaros Athanasiou, Valentini Samanidou, Revekka Konstantopoulou, Ioannis Vagias, Aikaterini Panteli, Haralampos Milionis, Eirini Christaki
BACKGROUND: A link between inflammation and venous thromboembolism (VTE) in COVID-19 disease has been suggested pathophysiologically and clinically. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between inflammation and disease outcomes in adult hospitalized COVID-19 patients with VTE. METHODS: This was a retrospective observational study, including quantitative and qualitative data collected from COVID-19 patients hospitalized at the Infectious Diseases Unit (IDU) of the University Hospital of Ioannina, from 1 March 2020 to 31 May 2022...
November 19, 2023: Diagnostics
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Onyenekenwa Cyprian Eneh, Andy Okosun, Idu R Egbenta, Nicholas I Obi, Martin C Oloto, Obinna Ubani, Chinemelum A Eneh, Cosmas I Eneonwo
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Carnage on roads is a growing concern in Nigeria. Over 27 persons, equivalent to more than 4 families, die daily from road traffic crashes. Two direct factors of a road crash are road quality and vehicle quality. To interrogate and compare both factors to road traffic accidents, the longitudinal study regressed secondary data on death tolls against road quality and vehicle quality. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data on the estimated number of vehicles imported into Nigeria (1992-2021) served as the indicator of vehicle quality on Nigerian roads...
November 6, 2023: BMC Public Health
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kwamena W C Sagoe, Kyeremeh Atuahene, Angela N A Ayiku, Prince J Pappoe-Ashong, Isaac Boamah, Holger Till, Francis Selorm Hagbe, Isaac Kofi Egyire, Matilda Nyampong, Stephen Ayisi Addo, Adom Manu, Charles L Noora, Millicent Tetteh, Augustine Ankomah, Richard Adanu
Previous studies have suggested high Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) prevalence in prisons in Ghana. However, this study was part of a nationally representative bio-behavioural survey and determined the prevalence of HIV and HBV among prison inmates and identified factors associated with these infections. Both biomedical and behavioural data were collected from a total of 2,443 prison inmates from 19 prison stations during 2013 in Ghana; 12 male prisons and 7 female prisons selected across the country...
2023: PloS One
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Martina Anurika Okafor, Ndifreke Daniel Ekpo, Kenneth Nnamdi Opara, Nsima Ibanga Udoidung, Farid S Ataya, Clement Ameh Yaro, Gaber El-Saber Batiha, Athanasios Alexiou, Marios Papadakis
This study investigated the dynamics in pyrethriod resistance and the presence/frequencies of L1014F knockdown resistance mutant allelles in Culex quinquefasciatus vector populations from Uruan Local Government Area of AkwaIbom State, Southern Nigeria between the months of March and November, 2021. Uruan LGA is among the endemic LGAs for lymphatic filariasis in AkwaIbomState. Female Anopheles mosquitoes from Eman Uruan, Ituk Mbang and Idu Uruan were exposed to permethrin, deltamethrin and alphacypermethrin in CDC insecticide coated bottles for susceptibility bioassay following standard protocols...
October 31, 2023: Scientific Reports
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Inma Jarrín, Marta Rava, Jorge Del Romero Raposo, Antonio Rivero, Jorge Del Romero Guerrero, María De Lagarde, Javier Martínez Sanz, Gemma Navarro, David Dalmau, José Ramón Blanco, Ana Koerting, Javier Gomez Castell, Julia Del Amo
OBJECTIVE: To estimate life expectancy (LE) of people with HIV (PWH) and describe causes of death. DESIGN: ART-naïve adults from the CoRIS cohort starting ART in 2004-2019. METHODS: We calculated LE at age 40 for men and women according to their ART initiation period, and stratified by transmission category, CD4 count and AIDS diagnosis.We estimated LE in 10-year age bands using life tables constructed from mortality rates, estimated through Poisson models...
October 30, 2023: AIDS
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COMMENT
Paige D Wartko, Jennifer F Bobb, Denise M Boudreau, Abigail G Matthews, Jennifer McCormack, Amy K Lee, Hongxiang Qiu, Onchee Yu, Noorie Hyun, Abisola E Idu, Cynthia I Campbell, Andrew J Saxon, David S Liu, Andrea Altschuler, Jeffrey H Samet, Colleen T Labelle, Mohammad Zare-Mehrjerdi, Angela L Stotts, Jordan M Braciszewski, Mark T Murphy, Douglas Dryden, Julia H Arnsten, Chinazo O Cunningham, Viviana E Horigian, José Szapocznik, Joseph E Glass, Ryan M Caldeiro, Rebecca C Phillips, Mary Shea, Gavin Bart, Robert P Schwartz, Jennifer McNeely, Jane M Liebschutz, Judith I Tsui, Joseph O Merrill, Gwen T Lapham, Megan Addis, Katharine A Bradley, Megan M Ghiroli, Leah K Hamilton, Yong Hu, Jennifer S LaHue, Amy M Loree, Sean M Murphy, Thomas F Northrup, Dikla Shmueli-Blumberg, Angela J Silva, Zoe M Weinstein, Mark TinFook Wong, Rachael P Burganowski
IMPORTANCE: Few primary care (PC) practices treat patients with medications for opioid use disorder (OUD) despite availability of effective treatments. OBJECTIVE: To assess whether implementation of the Massachusetts model of nurse care management for OUD in PC increases OUD treatment with buprenorphine or extended-release injectable naltrexone and secondarily decreases acute care utilization. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: The Primary Care Opioid Use Disorders Treatment (PROUD) trial was a mixed-methods, implementation-effectiveness cluster randomized clinical trial conducted in 6 diverse health systems across 5 US states (New York, Florida, Michigan, Texas, and Washington)...
December 1, 2023: JAMA Internal Medicine
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Joseph H Puyat, James Wilton, Adeleke Fowokan, Naveed Zafar Janjua, Jason Wong, Troy Grennan, Catharine Chambers, Abigail Kroch, Cecilia T Costiniuk, Curtis L Cooper, Darren Lauscher, Monte Strong, Ann N Burchell, Aslam Anis, Hasina Samji
INTRODUCTION: People living with HIV (PLWH) and/or who inject drugs may experience lower vaccine effectiveness (VE) against SARS-CoV-2 infection. METHODS: A validated algorithm was applied to population-based, linked administrative datasets in the British Columbia COVID-19 Cohort (BCC19C) to ascertain HIV status and create a population of PLWH and matched HIV-negative individuals. The study population was limited to individuals who received an RT-PCR laboratory test for SARS-CoV-2 between 15 December 2020 and 21 November 2021 in BC, Canada...
October 2023: Journal of the International AIDS Society
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Joseph G Rosen, Javier Cepeda, Ju Nyeong Park
People who inject drugs (PWID) exhibit disproportionate HIV burdens in the United States. We characterized longitudinal patterns and demographic disparities in new HIV diagnoses attributed to injection drug use (IDU) in 2008-2020. Although new IDU-attributed HIV diagnoses fell by 53.9%, new HIV diagnoses remained disproportionately elevated in female (100.9/100 000), Black (258.8/100 000), and Hispanic (131.0/100 000) PWID. Despite considerable declines in new HIV diagnoses, disparities by race/ethnicity and sex persist among US PWID...
November 15, 2023: AIDS
#32
REVIEW
Yi Jing Zhao, Yasmin Bte Idu Jion, King Hee Ho, Pei Shieen Wong, Yew Long Lo, Yee Cheun Chan, Lai Lai Ang, Sow Nam Yeo, Soon Beng Soh, Tuck Seng Wu, Jonathan Jia Yuan Ong
Headache disorders, particularly migraine, are one of the most common and disabling neurological disorders. There is a need for high-quality, accessible care for patients with headache disorders across all levels of the healthcare system in Singapore. The role of the Headache Society of Singapore is to increase awareness and advance the understanding of these disorders and to advocate for the needs of affected patients. In this first edition of local consensus guidelines, we focus on treatment approaches for headaches and provide consensus recommendations for the management of migraine in adults...
September 19, 2023: Singapore Medical Journal
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sascha Dublin, Mikael Anne Greenwood-Hickman, Leah Karliner, Clarissa Hsu, R Yates Coley, Leonardo Colemon, Anna Carrasco, Deborah King, Andrea Grace, Sei J Lee, Judith M E Walsh, Tyler Barrett, Jia Broussard, Umesh Singh, Abisola Idu, Kristine Yaffe, Malaz Boustani, Deborah E Barnes
BACKGROUND: About half of people living with dementia have not received a diagnosis, delaying access to treatment, education, and support. We previously developed a tool, eRADAR, which uses information in the electronic health record (EHR) to identify patients who may have undiagnosed dementia. This paper provides the protocol for an embedded, pragmatic clinical trial (ePCT) implementing eRADAR in two healthcare systems to determine whether an intervention using eRADAR increases dementia diagnosis rates and to examine the benefits and harms experienced by patients and other stakeholders...
October 17, 2023: Contemporary Clinical Trials
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Emily K Hyde, Thang Nguyen, Sarah Gilchrist, Katarina Lee-Ameduri
OBJECTIVE: Injection drug use (IDU) is prevalent in North America and is associated with presentations with infective endocarditis. Supporting patients who present with infective endocarditis related to IDU through harm reduction, a pragmatic approach to reduce secondary harms of a health behavior, helps address the underlying IDU. We share a case exemplar of how one acute care facility integrated harm-reduction practices into daily patient care. METHODS: We took a 3-stage approach to integrate harm-reduction practices into daily patient care...
September 2023: JTCVS open
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
S Y Ho, L T Shieh, C C Huang, C P Chang
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S): Radiation therapy is a widely used brain tumor treatment; however, it can cause significant effects on the central nervous system, including neurogenesis impairment, microglia activation, and oxidative stress, leading to brain injury. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) has been shown to benefit various neurological conditions, but its effect on radiation-induced brain injury damage remains limited. This study aims to investigate the impact of HBOT on radiation-induced neurogenesis impairment, microglia activation, and lipid peroxidation levels, and also aim to assess the therapeutic potential of HBOT on preventing irradiation-induced brain injury...
October 1, 2023: International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Israa Abdullah Malli, Dalia Hamdan, Alhanoof Aljahdali, Amal Almutairi, Raghad Jar, Reham Alzahrani, Muhammad Anwar Khan
BACKGROUND: Discrimination by some healthcare providers toward people living with HIV/AIDS has been documented. Differences in cultural backgrounds make it harder for future doctors, who need a lot of knowledge and a positive attitude to treat patients. In conservative countries like Saudi Arabia, not enough is known about how much medical interns know about HIV and how they feel about people living with HIV/AIDS. METHODS: From April to September 2021, this cross-sectional study use non-probability random sampling and utilized a self-administered questionnaire to collected the data from 346 medical interns who had graduated from five different medical schools...
2023: HIV/AIDS: Research and Palliative Care
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kimberly N Evans, Theresa Vettese, Pascale M Wortley, Ami P Gandhi, Heather Bradley
People who inject drugs (PWID) with unsafe injection practices have substantial risk for HIV and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections. We describe frequency of, and factors associated with, HIV and HCV testing during clinical encounters with PWID. Inpatient and Emergency Department clinical encounters at an Atlanta hospital were abstracted from medical records spanning January 2013-December 2018. We estimated frequency of HIV and HCV testing during injection drug use (IDU)-related encounters among PWID without previous diagnoses...
September 19, 2023: Journal of Viral Hepatitis
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Amy Eckland, Michael Kohut, Henry Stoddard, Deb Burris, Frank Chessa, Monica K Sikka, Daniel A Solomon, Colleen M Kershaw, Ellen F Eaton, Rebecca Hutchinson, Peter D Friedmann, Thomas J Stopka, Kathleen M Fairfield, Kinna Thakarar
BACKGROUND: People who inject drugs (PWID) are at risk for severe bacterial and fungal infections including skin and soft tissue infections, endocarditis, and osteomyelitis. PWID have high rates of self-directed discharge and are often not offered outpatient antimicrobial therapies, despite studies showing their efficacy and safety in PWID. This study fills a gap in knowledge of patient and community partner perspectives on treatment and discharge decision making for injection drug use (IDU)-associated infections...
2023: Therapeutic Advances in Infectious Disease
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Joanne M Carson, Sebastiano Barbieri, Evan Cunningham, Eric Mao, Marc van der Valk, Jürgen K Rockstroh, Margaret Hellard, Arthur Kim, Sanjay Bhagani, Jordan J Feld, Ed Gane, Maria C Thurnheer, Julie Bruneau, Elise Tu, Gregory J Dore, Gail V Matthews, Marianne Martinello
INTRODUCTION: Exploration of sexual and drug use behaviours following treatment for recent hepatitis C virus (HCV) is limited. This analysis modelled behavioural trajectories following treatment for recent HCV and assessed reinfection. METHODS: Participants treated for recent HCV in an international trial (enrolled 2017-2019) were followed at 3-monthly intervals for up to 2 years to assess longitudinal behaviours. Population-averaged changes were assessed using generalized estimating equations...
September 2023: Journal of the International AIDS Society
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Joost C van den Born, Soufian Meziyerh, Priya Vart, Stephan J L Bakker, Stefan P Berger, Sandrine Florquin, Johan W de Fijter, António W Gomes-Neto, Mirza M Idu, Robert A Pol, Dave L Roelen, Marit S van Sandwijk, Dorottya K de Vries, Aiko P J de Vries, Frederike J Bemelman, Jan Stephan F Sanders
BACKGROUND: Evidence on the optimal maintenance of immunosuppressive regimen in kidney transplantation recipients is limited. METHODS: The Amsterdam, LEiden, GROningen trial is a randomized, multicenter, investigator-driven, noninferiority, open-label trial in de novo kidney transplant recipients, in which 2 immunosuppression minimization strategies were compared with standard immunosuppression with basiliximab, corticosteroids, tacrolimus, and mycophenolic acid...
August 30, 2023: Transplantation
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