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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sebastian Peter Forssten, Rebecka Ahl Hulme, Maximilian Peter Forssten, Marcelo A F Ribeiro, Babak Sarani, Shahin Mohseni
INTRODUCTION: The elderly population constitutes one of the fastest-growing demographic groups globally. Within this population, mild to moderate traumatic brain injuries (TBI) resulting from ground level falls (GLFs) are prevalent and pose significant challenges. Between 50 and 80% of TBIs in older individuals are due to GLFs. These incidents result in more severe outcomes and extended recovery periods for the elderly, even when controlling for injury severity. Given the increasing incidence of such injuries it becomes essential to identify the key factors that predict complications and in-hospital mortality...
2023: Frontiers in Medicine
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Noeline Nakasujja, Faith Nawagi, Blessed Tabitha Aujo, Aidah Ajambo
BACKGROUND: Elderly health care training and aging science remain the least prioritized discipline of medical education in many African countries. With scant scientific evidence on elderly health care in low-income countries, coupled with limited exposure to elderly health care training, this project aimed to equip undergraduate health professional students with elderly health care assessment skills and research through an online course and a clinical placement. METHODS: Students (3rd year) underwent online elderly health care training through the Alison courses published by the Advanced Learning Academy in Ireland...
December 14, 2023: BMC Geriatrics
#23
REVIEW
Areez Shafqat, Saifullah Khan, Mohamed H Omer, Mahnoor Niaz, Ibrahem Albalkhi, Khaled AlKattan, Ahmed Yaqinuddin, Tamara Tchkonia, James L Kirkland, Shahrukh K Hashmi
Cellular senescence is a biological aging hallmark that plays a key role in the development of neurodegenerative diseases. Clinical trials are currently underway to evaluate the effectiveness of senotherapies for these diseases. However, the impact of senescence on brain aging and cognitive decline in the absence of neurodegeneration remains uncertain. Moreover, patient populations like cancer survivors, traumatic brain injury survivors, obese individuals, obstructive sleep apnea patients, and chronic kidney disease patients can suffer age-related brain changes like cognitive decline prematurely, suggesting that they may suffer accelerated senescence in the brain...
2023: Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Manan Ahuja, Shailee Siddhpuria, Arian Karimi, Kaitlin Lewis, Eric Wong, Justin Lee, Christina Reppas-Rindlisbacher, Emma Sood, Christopher Gabor, Christopher Patterson
BACKGROUND: Cholinesterase inhibitors are commonly used to treat patients with neurocognitive disorders, who often have an elevated risk of falling. Effective use of these medications requires a thoughtful assessment of risks and benefits. OBJECTIVE: To provide an update on previous reviews and determine the association between cholinesterase inhibitors and falls, syncope, fracture and accidental injuries in patients with neurocognitive disorders. METHODS: Embase, MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature and AgeLine were systematically searched through March 2023 to identify all randomised controlled trials of cholinesterase inhibitors (donepezil, galantamine, rivastigmine) in patients with cognitive impairment...
November 2, 2023: Age and Ageing
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mohamed Elbuzidi, Alyssa N Wenzel, Andrew Harris, Majd Marrache, Julius K Oni, Harpal S Khanuja, Vishal Hegde
OBJECTIVES: Compare outcomes for patients with recently diagnosed COVID-19 infection to those without COVID-19 infection undergoing operative treatment of hip fractures using the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) database. DESIGN: Retrospective propensity score matched cohort. METHODS: Patients who received surgery for an acute hip fracture (intramedullary nail (IMN), open reduction internal fixation (ORIF) or hemiarthroplasty) in 2021 were identified from the NSQIP database...
November 14, 2023: Injury
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yuxiao Li, Rebecca M Smith, Susan L Whitney, Barry M Seemungal, Toby J Ellmers
Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is amongst the commonest causes of dizziness and falls in older adults. Diagnosing and treating BPPV can reduce falls, and thereby reduce fall-related morbidity and mortality. Recent World Falls Guidelines recommend formal assessment for BPPV in older adults at risk of falling, but only if they report vertigo. However, this recommendation ignores the data that (i) many older adults with BPPV experience dizziness as vague unsteadiness (rather than vertigo), and (ii) others may experience no symptoms of dizziness at all...
November 2, 2023: Age and Ageing
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Andrea Klang, Yasmina Molero, Paul Lichtenstein, Henrik Larsson, Brian Matthew D'Onofrio, Niklas Marklund, Christian Oldenburg, Elham Rostami
BACKGROUND: Rehabilitation is suggested to improve outcomes following traumatic brain injury (TBI), however, the extent of access to rehabilitation among TBI patients remains unclear. OBJECTIVE: To examine the level of access to rehabilitation after TBI, and its association with health and sociodemographic factors. METHOD: We conducted a longitudinal cohort study using Swedish nationwide healthcare and sociodemographic registers. We identified 15 880 TBI patients ≥18 years hospitalized ≥3 days from 2008 to 2012 who were stratified into 3 severity groups; grade I (n = 1366; most severe), grade II (n = 5228), and grade III (n = 9268; least severe)...
November 12, 2023: Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Adham Al Rahbi, Omar Al Mahrouqi, Hashim Al Ibrahim, Maryam Al Saidi, Yusra Abid Shah, Tariq Al-Saadi
BACKGROUND: Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) in the geriatric population is a serious public health problem and has a huge impact on mortality and morbidity. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study including patients aged above 65 admitted to a tertiary specialized trauma center, in the period from January 2016 to 31 December 2019. The data collected includes patients' demographics, diagnosis, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) on arrival, length of stay (LOS), investigations, and type of surgery done...
November 10, 2023: World Neurosurgery
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rathi Ratha Krishnan, Samuel Wen Xuan Ting, Wee Shen Teo, Chien Joo Lim, Karen Sui Geok Chua
Across traumatic brain injury (TBI) severities, a geriatric TBI tsunami has emerged. Mixed outcomes are reported for elderly TBI with positive functional improvements with acute inpatient rehabilitation. We studied the effect of age at TBI on discharge functional outcomes, levels of independence and length of stay. A retrospective analysis of Asian TBI patients during inpatient rehabilitation over a 4-year period was conducted. Independent variables included admission GCS, post-traumatic amnesia (PTA) duration and injury subtypes...
October 13, 2023: Life
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Taylor Furst, Tyler Schmidt
Debate regarding timing of surgical decompression after spinal cord injury continues. Recent evidence indicates that early decompression improves neurological outcomes. However, little investigation has been performed regarding how it affects one's hospitalization in a geriatric cohort. 8,999 cases of traumatic SCI who underwent surgical decompression (2002-2011, age 65 + years) within the Nationwide Inpatient Sample were included in univariate and multivariate analyses. Univariate analysis shows that early decompression is more cost effective ($88,564...
October 24, 2023: Journal of Clinical Neuroscience: Official Journal of the Neurosurgical Society of Australasia
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Janita Pak Chun Chau, Danny Wah Kun Tong, Suzanne Hoi Shan Lo, Savina Yee Man Sze, Molly Lai Mei Kwok, Peter Chi Keung Lai, Harris Kai Cheong Lam, Josephine Yuen Man Chung, Xu Liu, Wai Tong Chien, Kai Chow Choi
OBJECTIVE: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of end-tidal carbon dioxide (ETCO2) detection using capnography for verifying the correct placement of nasogastric tubes (NGTs) among adult patients in hospital settings. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective observational diagnostic study will be conducted. Patients ≥ 18-year-old and requiring the insertion of an NGT will be recruited using a convenience sampling method from 39 general medical and geriatric wards, intensive care units, accident and emergency departments, and subacute/rehabilitation/infirmary wards in 21 acute or subacute/convalescent/extended care hospitals...
2023: PloS One
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Khaled El-Qawaqzeh, Tanya Anand, Qaidar Alizai, Christina Colosimo, Hamidreza Hosseinpour, Audrey Spencer, Michael Ditillo, Louis J Magnotti, Collin Stewart, Bellal Joseph
INTRODUCTION: There is paucity of studies comparing the characteristics of trauma in geriatrics and super-geriatrics. We aimed to explore the injury characteristics and outcomes of older adult trauma patients on a nationwide scale. METHODS: This is a retrospective analysis of 2017-2019 American College of Surgeons Trauma Quality Improvement Program. We included moderate to severely injured (Injury Severity Score >8) older adult (≥65 y) trauma patients...
October 6, 2023: Journal of Surgical Research
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rahil Pasha S A, Ruby Suresh Kumar Yadav, Md Iqbal Ahmed, Pratibha Chandra
Background Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is defined as pneumonia that develops 48 hours or more after endotracheal intubation or tracheostomy and is brought on by infectious organisms that are not present or incubating during mechanical ventilation. Multidrug-resistant organisms originate primarily from the hospital environment and significantly contribute to ventilator-associated pneumonia. These organisms pose a severe threat, leading to a higher mortality rate due to their resistance to more potent antibiotics...
August 2023: Curēus
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Otto Korhonen, Malla Mononen, Mehrbod Mohammadian, Olli Tenovuo, Kaj Blennow, Iftakher Hossain, Peter Hutchinson, Henna-Riikka Maanpää, David K Menon, Virginia F Newcombe, Jean-Charles Sanchez, Riikka S K Takala, Jussi Tallus, Mark van Gils, Henrik Zetterberg, Jussi P Posti
Blood biomarkers have been studied to improve the clinical assessment and prognostication of patients with moderate-severe traumatic brain injury (mo/sTBI). To assess their clinical usability, one needs to know of potential factors that might cause outlier values and affect clinical decision making. In a prospective study, we recruited patients with mo/sTBI ( n = 85) and measured the blood levels of eight protein brain pathophysiology biomarkers, including glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), S100 calcium-binding protein B (S100B), neurofilament light (Nf-L), heart-type fatty acid-binding protein (H-FABP), interleukin-10 (IL-10), total tau (T-tau), amyloid β40 (Aβ40) and amyloid β42 (Aβ42), within 24 h of admission...
January 2024: Journal of Neurotrauma
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Derick Thompson, Abiodun E Odufuwa, Catherine A Brissette, John A Watt
The age-dependent loss of neuronal plasticity is a well-known phenomenon that is poorly understood. The loss of this capacity for axonal regeneration is emphasized following traumatic brain injury, which is a major cause of disability and death among adults in the US. We have previously shown the intrinsic capacity of magnocellular neurons within the supraoptic nucleus to undergo axonal regeneration following unilateral axotomization in an age-dependent manner. The aim of this research was to determine the age-dependent molecular mechanisms that may underlie this phenomenon...
2023: Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience
#36
REVIEW
Qiang Xin, Wenhao Zhu, Chuan He, Tianyi Liu, Haifeng Wang
Microglial reaction plays a key role in the prognosis of traumatic CNS injuries (TBI and SCI). A growing number of studies have shown that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) play an important role in regulating microglial states. This review summarizes the effects and mechanisms of different sources of MSCs on microglial states in the last 5 years. In general, bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells are the most accessible and widely used, and can produce immunosuppressive effects on a variety of brain injuries including TBI through tissue engineering in situ implantation; MSCs mainly regulate inflammatory pathways and promote the states of microglia in the anti-inflammatory direction, which also secrete certain cytokines or extracellular vesicles to affect apoptotic pathways, such as the extracellular vesicles miR-21-5p, acting as a neuronal protector...
2023: Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Pamela Barbadoro, Jacopo Dolcini, Corinna Fortunato, Davide Mengarelli Detto Rinaldini, Enrica Martini, Maria Grazia Gioia, Donatella Mengoni, Marcello Mario D'Errico, Anna Maria Schimizzi, Alessia Baldassarri, Daniela Vincitorio, Massimiliano Biondi, Patrizia Ferretti, Silvia Maestri, Elisa Draghi, Daniele Arsego, Letizia Ferrara, Marconi Vittorio, Mario Capasso, Carlo Di Falco, Giorgia Scaloni, Massimo Di Febbo, Arabella Aguzzi, Valeria Benigni, Marcello Tavio, Anna Marigliano, Alessia Rinaldi, Alex Marcello, Andrea Mazzacchera, Angelo Serafini, Anita Genga, Cosimo Damiano Giorgio Mangino, Cristina Vesprini, Daniele Barbaresi, Davide Scutti, Erlil Mali, Gian Maria Semprini, Giorgia Marchini, Giorgia Maria Ricciotti, Giulia Mercante, Giulia Paolorossi, Maria Ilaria Faggi, Lucia Gatti, Marco Uncini, Oriana Dunia Toscano, Paolo Sabatini, Sara Rosati, Silvia Bizzarri, Tommaso Poggioli
BACKGROUND: Healthcare Associated Infections (HAIs) and Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) are serious health challenges. Point prevalence surveys (PPS) are valuable tools for monitoring HAIs and AMR. AIM: To describe results of the ECDC-PPS 2022 dealing with the prevalence of HAIs, antimicrobial consumption, and associated factors, in acute care hospitals. METHODS: The present point-prevalence have been carried out survey in November 2022 in fourteen hospitals according to the protocol proposed by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC)...
August 11, 2023: Journal of Hospital Infection
#38
John K Brooks, Patrick M Gardullo, Azin Parsa, Jeffery B Price
Patients with chronic and severe hearing loss, refractory to nonsurgically-worn devices, may consider use of cochlear implants to regain auditory capability. Cochlear implants consist of surgically emplaced and externally worn components. There are few published examples of the radiographic presentation of these devices appearing in the special needs-based dental literature. This article features a case report and panoramic radiographic examination involving a 67-year-old patient who received bilateral cochlear implants after experiencing a traumatic brain injury and onset loss of hearing...
August 6, 2023: Special Care in Dentistry
#39
REVIEW
Kayla Bohlke, Mark S Redfern, Andrea L Rosso, Ervin Sejdic
Accelerometers provide an opportunity to expand standing balance assessments outside of the laboratory. The purpose of this narrative review is to show that accelerometers are accurate, objective, and accessible tools for balance assessment. Accelerometry has been validated against current gold standard technology, such as optical motion capture systems and force plates. Many studies have been conducted to show how accelerometers can be useful for clinical examinations. Recent studies have begun to apply classification algorithms to accelerometry balance measures to discriminate populations at risk for falls...
August 1, 2023: Aging Clinical and Experimental Research
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Marián Sedlák, Adonis Wazir, Aikaterini Dima, Jakub Gazda, Radoslav Morochovič
BACKGROUND: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the most common trauma-related diagnoses among the elderly population treated in emergency departments (ED). Identification of patients with increased or decreased risk of intracranial bleeding is of clinical importance. The objective of this study was to evaluate the implication of cutaneous impact location (CIL) on the prevalence of intracranial injury after suspected or confirmed TBI irrespective of its severity. METHODS: This was a retrospective, single-center, descriptive observational study of geriatric patients aged 65 years and older treated for suspected or confirmed TBI in a trauma surgery ED...
2023: Open Access Emergency Medicine: OAEM
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