Jarisch

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BACKGROUND: A positive effect of the effect of a 3-month oral spermidine intake on memory performance has already been demonstrated. The continuation of this study aimed to examine whether there could be observed an improvement in memory performance after one year. METHOD: 45 residents of the nursing home "Gepflegt Wohnen" in Hart bei Graz, Styria, Austria, were given a daily dose of 3.3 mg spermidine in their diet for one year. RESULTS: The comparison of the MMSE test results at baseline and after one year demonstrated a significant (p < 0...

INTRODUCTION: Syphilis is an infectious disease that is uncommonly encountered in surgical patients. We present a case of severe syphilitic proctitis leading to large bowel obstruction with imaging findings mimicking locally advanced rectal cancer. PRESENTATION OF CASE: A 38-year-old man who had sex with men presented to the emergency department with a 2 week history of obstipation. The patient's medical history was significant for poorly controlled HIV. Imaging demonstrated a large mass in the rectum and the patient was admitted to the colorectal surgery service for management of presumed rectal cancer...

Today's sedentary lifestyle with excess food and little exercise increases the number of people with hypertension, a major risk factor for stroke. New knowledge of treatments in this field is of utmost importance. In animal experiments, the activation by capsaicin of TRPV1-expressing sensory afferents evokes a drop in blood pressure by triggering the Bezold-Jarisch reflex. In hypertensive rats, capsaicin reduces blood pressure. Conversely, genetic ablation of the TRPV1 receptor results in elevated nocturnal (but not diurnal) blood pressure...

Bioelectronic medicine is a novel field in modern medicine based on specific neuronal stimulation to control organ function and cardiovascular and immune homeostasis. However, most studies addressing neuromodulation of the immune system have been conducted on anesthetized animals, which can affect the nervous system and neuromodulation. Here we review recent studies involving conscious experimental rodents (rats and mice) to better understand the functional organization of neural control of immune homeostasis...

BACKGROUND: Bezold Jarisch reflex (BJR) is mediated by peripheral serotonin receptor 5-HT3 type. BJR and sympathetic blockade are important causes of hypotension and bradycardia after spinal anaesthesia. Premedication with serotonin receptor antagonists has a role in the attenuation of hemodynamic disturbances. AIM: To compare the effect of intravenous granisetron and ondansetron on the hemodynamic and sensory-motor block after spinal anaesthesia with hyperbaric bupivacaine in patients undergoing elective surgery...

Leptospirosis, a zoonotic disease characterized by a spectrum of influenza-like symptoms, can manifest as severe cases so called Weil's disease. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to avoid the potentially fatal course of the disease. Within 24 hours of the initial administration of antibiotics, patients may experience the Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction (JHR), characterized by chills, fever, hypotension, and impaired consciousness. The Okinawa Prefecture, where our hospital is situated, boasts the highest incidence rate of leptospirosis among all regions in Japan...

Cardiovascular ailments are a major cause of mortality where over 1.3 billion people suffer from hypertension leading to heart-disease related deaths. Snake venoms possess a broad repertoire of natriuretic peptides with therapeutic potential for treating hypertension, congestive heart failure, and related cardiovascular disease. We now describe several taipan ( Oxyuranus microlepidotus ) natriuretic peptides TNPa-e which stimulated cGMP production through the natriuretic peptide receptor A (NPR-A) with higher potencies for the rat NPR-A (rNPR-A) over human NPR-A (hNPR-A)...

ABO incompatibility affects approximately 40% of allogeneic stem cell transplants in Caucasian patient populations. Because bone marrow (BM), the preferred graft from paediatric sibling donors and for non-malignant diseases, has a red blood cell (RBC) content similar to blood, anti-donor isoagglutinins must either be depleted from the recipient or RBCs removed from the graft. To achieve tolerability of unmanipulated BM grafts, we used controlled infusions of donor ABO-type RBC units to deplete isoagglutinins before the transplant...

AIMS: Jarisch-Herxheimer reactions (JHR) is a transient adverse event that occurs during initial antimicrobial treatment for syphilis patients, and is known to develop uterine contractions and fetal distress in pregnant women complicated with syphilis. The aim of this study is to identify risk factors for JHR in patients with syphilis, and to clarify whether pregnancy status is a risk factor for JHR, and to describe the characteristics of pregnant women who develop JHR. METHODS: This was a retrospective chart review in a singleton university hospital in Japan...

BACKGROUND: Leptospirosis is a widespread zoonotic disease caused by pathogenic Leptospira spp. The treatment of penicillin or tetracycline can cause a Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction (JHR), which can lead to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and multi-organ failure in severe cases. The overall course of evolution and imaging features of a JHR exacerbation of leptospirosis have rarely been reported. CASE PRESENTATION: We present a case of leptospirosis complicated by pulmonary alveolar hemorrhage and a Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction (JHR) that required respiratory and vasopressor support...

Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction (JHR) is a transient clinical phenomenon in patients with syphilis who receive antibiotic treatment. A 31-year-old man with an underlying HIV infection presented with worsening vision in the right eye two days after being treated with oral doxycycline for presumed left-eye neuroretinitis. Prior history revealed two episodes of penile discharge and ulcers that were not investigated. Examination showed bilateral optic disc swelling with right eye placoid chorioretinitis around the macula...

PURPOSE: We report an atypical case of combined acute syphilitic necrotizing retinitis and a contiguous acute syphilitic posterior placoid chorioretinitis (ASPPC) in an HIV-negative, immunocompetent patient. METHOD: Observational case report. RESULTS: A 56-year-old male presented with a one-week history of pain and blurred vision in the left eye. He also complained of left-sided hearing loss for several months. Ocular examination demonstrated a unilateral panuveitis with a yellowish placoid macular lesion involving the outer retina contiguous with an ovoid area of full-thickness retinitis extending temporally...

Given the drastic changes in the environment, resilience is a key focus of ecosystem management. Yet, the quantification of the different dimensions of resilience remains challenging, particularly for long-lived systems such as forests. Here we present an analytical framework to study the economic resilience of different forest management systems, focusing on the rate of economic recovery after severe disturbance. Our framework quantifies the post-disturbance gain in the present value of a forest relative to a benchmark system as an indicator of economic resilience...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

The Bezold-Jarisch reflex is a powerful inhibitory reflex initiated by activation of cardiopulmonary vagal nerves during myocardial ischemia, hemorrhage, and orthostatic stress leading to bradycardia, vasodilation, hypotension, and vasovagal syncope. This clinically relevant reflex has been studied by measuring heart rate (HR) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) responses to injections of a variety of chemical compounds. We hypothesized that reflex responses to different compounds vary due to differential activation of vagal afferent subtypes and/or variable coactivation of excitatory afferents...

Patients with precursor B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (pB-ALL) who have relapsed subsequent to allogeneic stem cell transplantation (alloHSCT), have relapsed more than once, or are resistant upfront have a dismal prognosis. CD19-targeted CAR-T cells have evolved as potent immune therapies. Tisagenlecleucel (Tisa-cel) is a commercial autologous CD19-directed CAR-T cell product. We performed a retrospective study inviting all CAR-T cell centers in Germany to participate. Eighty-one patients with pB-ALL were included...

Unwanted initiation of intrinsic cardiac reflexes can precipitate bradycardia and cardiac arrest after spinal anaesthesia. We report the case of a 40-year-old man who suffered sudden asystolic cardiac arrest following spinal anaesthesia prior to planned abdominal surgery, likely due to the initiation of one or more intrinsic cardiac reflexes including the Bezold-Jarisch reflex, the reverse Bainbridge reflex and the pacemaker stretch reflex. The characteristics of this patient placed him at increased risk of this underappreciated cause of bradycardia and hypotension...

In this case report, we describe a 60-year-old man who presented with headaches for 1 year and mild confusion for 3 weeks and was initially diagnosed as having a cerebral tumor on the basis of finding a round lesion in the right lenticular nucleus with ring enhancement on gadolinium-enhanced T1-weighted brain magnetic resonance imaging. However, the discovery of positive serology for Treponema pallidum infection on routine tests on admission prompted analysis of cerebrospinal fluid, which was also positive on Treponema pallidum hemagglutination (TPHA), rapid plasma reagin (RPR), and treponemal antibody absorption (FTA-ABS) tests...

Adequate diagnosis and treatment of secondary hemochromatosis in patients with congenital anemias is important for reducing long-term mortality and morbidity as for improving patients' quality of life. Due to the strong migration movements during recent years, the number of patients in Germany suffering from hemoglobinopathies as some of the most relevant disorders in the context of iron overload (IOL) has increased enormously. Many of these patients had received inadequate medical care in their countries of origin prior to migration, including diagnosis and treatment of IOL...