keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38544305/model-of-p-glycoprotein-ligand-binding-and-validation-with-efflux-substrate-matched-pairs
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jay Conrad, Nick A Paras, Roy J Vaz
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) poses a significant obstacle in developing therapeutics for neurodegenerative diseases and central nervous system (CNS) disorders. P-glycoprotein (P-gp), a multidrug resistance protein, is a critical gatekeeper in the BBB and plays a role in cancer chemoresistance. This paper uses cryo-EM P-gp structures as starting points with an induced fit docking (IFD) model to evaluate 19 pairs of compounds with known P-gp efflux data. The study reveals significant differences in binding energy and sheds light on structural modifications' impact on efflux properties...
March 27, 2024: Journal of Medicinal Chemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38541498/ph-responsive-pesticide-loaded-hollow-mesoporous-silica-nanoparticles-with-zno-quantum-dots-as-a-gatekeeper-for-control-of-rice-blast-disease
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yi Zhao, Yanning Zhang, Yilin Yan, Zunyao Huang, Yuting Zhang, Xiaoli Wang, Nandi Zhou
Nanotechnology-enabled pesticide delivery systems have been widely studied and show great prospects in modern agriculture. Nanodelivery systems not only achieve the controlled release of agrochemicals but also possess many unique characteristics. This study presents the development of a pH-responsive pesticide nanoformulation utilizing hollow mesoporous silica nanoparticles (HMSNs) as a nanocarrier. The nanocarrier was loaded with the photosensitive pesticide prochloraz (Pro) and then combined with ZnO quantum dots (ZnO QDs) through electrostatic interactions...
March 14, 2024: Materials
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38540395/genomic-and-expression-analysis-of-cassava-manihot-esculenta-crantz-chalcone-synthase-genes-in-defense-against-tetranychus-cinnabarinus-infestation
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yanni Yang, Ming Liu, Zenghui Huang
Cassava is susceptible to mites, especially Tetranychus cinnabarinus . Secondary metabolism products such as flavonoids play an important role as antimicrobial metabolites protecting plants against biotic stressors including fungal, pathogen, bacterial, and pest defense. The chalcone synthase (CHS) is the initial step of the phenylpropanoid pathway for producing flavonoids and is the gatekeeper of the pathway. Until recently, the CHS genes family has not been systematically studied in cassava. Thirty-nine CHS genes were identified from the cassava genome database...
March 5, 2024: Genes
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38538389/a-neat-wheat-trick-to-hide-genes-from-selection
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Koki Hayashi, Alisdair R Fernie
A recent study by Li et al. demonstrated that the removal of like heterochromatin protein 1 (LHP1) in common wheat causes developmental drawbacks, yet confers resistance to stripe rust infection. Due to its role in regulating diversified defense genes, LHP1 was suggested to be an epigenetic gatekeeper potentially promoting adaptive evolution in allopolyploid wheat.
March 26, 2024: Trends in Plant Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38537332/inciting-maintenance-tiered-institutional-work-during-value-based-payment-reform-in-oncology
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Thomas Reindersma, Isabelle Fabbricotti, Kees Ahaus, Chris Bangma, Sandra Sülz
Value-based payment aims to shift the focus from traditional volume-driven arrangements to a system that rewards providers for the quality and value of care delivered. Previous research has shown that it is difficult for providers to change their medical and organizational practices to adopt value-based payment, but the role of actors in these reforms has remained underexposed. This paper unravels the motives of non-clinical and clinical professionals to maintain institutionalized payment practices when faced with value-based payment...
March 18, 2024: Social Science & Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534263/claudin-4-upregulation-in-acantholytic-and-autoimmune-mediated-bullous-disorders
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chau M Bui, Huy G Vuong, Minh-Khang Le, Kristin J Rybski, Hatice B Zengin, Haiming Tang, Bruce R Smoller
Claudin-4 is a key component of tight junctions, which play an important role in the formation of the epidermal barrier by forming a circumferential network in the granular layer that serves as a gatekeeper of the paracellular pathway. The aim of this study is to illustrate claudin-4 immunohistochemical staining patterns of different blistering disorders. We collected 35 cases, including two Hailey-Hailey disease, one Darier disease, three Grover disease, one acantholytic acanthoma, two warty dyskeratoma, 11 pemphigus vulgaris (PV) including six mucosal PV, and two pemphigus foliaceus...
December 21, 2023: Dermatopathology (Basel, Switzerland)
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38533601/inside-out-synergising-leaf-biochemical-traits-with-stomatal-regulated-water-fluxes-to-enhance-transpiration-modelling-during-abiotic-stress
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Robert S Caine, Muhammad S Khan, Robert A Brench, Heather J Walker, Holly L Croft
As the global climate continues to change, plants will increasingly experience abiotic stress(es). Stomata on leaf surfaces are the gatekeepers to plant interiors, regulating gaseous exchanges that are crucial for both photosynthesis and outward water release. To optimise future crop productivity, accurate modelling of how stomata govern plant-environment interactions will be crucial. Here, we synergise optical and thermal imaging data to improve modelled transpiration estimates during water and/or nutrient stress (where leaf N is reduced)...
March 27, 2024: Plant, Cell & Environment
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38532423/association-of-trail-receptor-with-phosphatase-shp-1-enables-repressing-t-cell-receptor-signaling-and-t-cell-activation-through-inactivating-lck
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
I-Tsu Chyuan, Hsiu-Jung Liao, Tse-Hua Tan, Huai-Chia Chuang, Yu-Chuan Chu, Meng-Hsun Pan, Chien-Sheng Wu, Ching-Liang Chu, Bor-Ching Sheu, Ping-Ning Hsu
BACKGROUND: T cell receptor (TCR) signaling and T cell activation are tightly regulated by gatekeepers to maintain immune tolerance and avoid autoimmunity. The TRAIL receptor (TRAIL-R) is a TNF-family death receptor that transduces apoptotic signals to induce cell death. Recent studies have indicated that TRAIL-R regulates T cell-mediated immune responses by directly inhibiting T cell activation without inducing apoptosis; however, the distinct signaling pathway that regulates T cell activation remains unclear...
March 27, 2024: Journal of Biomedical Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38522658/elements-of-the-c-terminal-tail-of-a-c-terminal-domain-homolog-of-the-orange-carotenoid-protein-determining-xanthophyll-uptake-from-liposomes
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kristina Likkei, Marcus Moldenhauer, Neslihan N Tavraz, Nikita A Egorkin, Yury B Slonimskiy, Eugene G Maksimov, Nikolai N Sluchanko, Thomas Friedrich
Carotenoids perform multifaceted roles in life ranging from coloration over light harvesting to photoprotection. The Orange Carotenoid Protein (OCP), a light-driven photoswitch involved in cyanobacterial photoprotection, accommodates a ketocarotenoid vital for its function. OCP extracts its ketocarotenoid directly from membranes, or accepts it from homologs of its C-terminal domain (CTDH). The CTDH from Anabaena (AnaCTDH) was shown to be important for carotenoid transfer and delivery from/to membranes. The C-terminal tail of AnaCTDH is a critical structural element likely serving as a gatekeeper and facilitator of carotenoid uptake from membranes...
March 22, 2024: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta. Bioenergetics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38520623/detection-of-cardiac-amyloidosis-on-routine-bone-scintigraphy-an-important-gatekeeper-role-for-the-nuclear-medicine-physician
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mohit Nebhwani, Karina Chaibekava, Anouk Achten, Marish I F J Oerlemans, Michelle Michels, Peter van der Meer, Hans L A Nienhuis, Jerremy Weerts, Vanessa van Empel, Hans-Peter Brunner-La Rocca, Sandra Sanders-van Wijk, Jochem van der Pol, Christian Knackstedt
Cardiac amyloidosis (CA)-mostly transthyretin-related (ATTR-CA)-has recently gained interest in cardiology. Bone scintigraphy (BS) is one of the main screening tools for ATTR-CA but also used for various other reasons. The objective was to evaluate whether all CA cases are detected and what happens during follow-up. All routine BS performed at the Maastricht University Medical Center (May 2012-August 2020) were screened for the presence of CA. Scans performed for suspected CA were excluded. A Perugini stage ≥1 was classified as positive necessitating further examination...
March 23, 2024: International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38520364/thalamic-contributions-to-psychosis-susceptibility-evidence-from-co-activation-patterns-accounting-for-intra-seed-spatial-variability-%C3%AE-caps
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Farnaz Delavari, Corrado Sandini, Nada Kojovic, Luigi F Saccaro, Stephan Eliez, Dimitri Van De Ville, Thomas A W Bolton
The temporal variability of the thalamus in functional networks may provide valuable insights into the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. To address the complexity of the role of the thalamic nuclei in psychosis, we introduced micro-co-activation patterns (μCAPs) and employed this method on the human genetic model of schizophrenia 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS). Participants underwent resting-state functional MRI and a data-driven iterative process resulting in the identification of six whole-brain μCAPs with specific activity patterns within the thalamus...
April 2024: Human Brain Mapping
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38514852/diagnosing-glaucoma-in-primary-eye-care-and-the-role-of-artificial-intelligence-applications-for-reducing-the-prevalence-of-undetected-glaucoma-in-australia
#12
REVIEW
Catherine Jan, Mingguang He, Algis Vingrys, Zhuoting Zhu, Randall S Stafford
Glaucoma is the commonest cause of irreversible blindness worldwide, with over 70% of people affected remaining undiagnosed. Early detection is crucial for halting progressive visual impairment in glaucoma patients, as there is no cure available. This narrative review aims to: identify reasons for the significant under-diagnosis of glaucoma globally, particularly in Australia, elucidate the role of primary healthcare in glaucoma diagnosis using Australian healthcare as an example, and discuss how recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI) can be implemented to improve diagnostic outcomes...
March 21, 2024: Eye
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38508527/antimicrobial-sensitisers-gatekeepers-to-avoid-the-development-of-multi-drug-resistant-bacteria
#13
REVIEW
Hanfei Wang, Yingying Yang, Simeng Wang, Sara Badawy, Irma Ares, Marta Martínez, Bernardo Lopez-Torres, María-Rosa Martínez-Larrañaga, Xu Wang, Arturo Anadón, María-Aránzazu Martínez
The resistance of multidrug-resistant bacteria to existing antibiotics forces the continued development of new antibiotics and antibacterial agents, but the high costs and long timeframe involved in the development of new agents renders the hope that existing antibiotics may again play a part. The "antibiotic adjuvant" is an indirect antibacterial strategy, but its vague concept has, in the past, limited the development speed of related drugs. In this review article, we put forward an accurate concept of a "non-self-antimicrobial sensitisers (NSAS)", to distinguish it from an "antibiotic adjuvant", and then discuss several scientific methods to restore bacterial sensitivity to antibiotics, and the sources and action mechanism of existing NSAS, in order to guide the development and further research of NSAS...
March 18, 2024: Journal of Controlled Release
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38506894/investigating-the-roles-and-responsibilities-of-institutional-signing-officials-after-data-sharing-policy-reform-for-federally-funded-research-in-the-united-states-national-survey
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jinyoung Baek, Jonathan Lawson, Vasiliki Rahimzadeh
BACKGROUND: New federal policies along with rapid growth in data generation, storage, and analysis tools are together driving scientific data sharing in the United States. At the same, triangulating human research data from diverse sources can also create situations where data are used for future research in ways that individuals and communities may consider objectionable. Institutional gatekeepers, namely, signing officials (SOs), are therefore at the helm of compliant management and sharing of human data for research...
March 20, 2024: JMIR Formative Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38501837/-roles-within-domestic-environments-in-chile-the-food-gatekeeper
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Carolina Franch Maggiolo, Lorena Rodríguez Osiac, Paula Sol Hernandez Hirsch, Isabel Pemjean Contreras
INTRODUCTION: this project studied the roles played in the food cycle within the domestic environment, revisiting the concept of the food gatekeeper. METHODS: information was obtained from 10 ethnographies and 24 in-depth interviews with people responsible for food tasks in low-income households in Santiago, Chile, during the pandemic. A thematic analysis was conducted from the framework of food environments and gender. RESULTS: the results showed that the time allocated to the food cycle is highly unequal between genders and women are held responsible for the nutritional well-being of families...
March 12, 2024: Nutrición Hospitalaria: Organo Oficial de la Sociedad Española de Nutrición Parenteral y Enteral
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38498873/the-nudging-effect-of-a-reminder-letter-to-reduce-duplicated-medications-a-randomized-controlled-trial
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shou-Hsia Cheng, Kuo-Piao Chung, Ying-Chieh Wang, Hsin-Yun Tsai
BACKGROUND: The increasing trend of multiple chronic conditions across the world has worsened the problem of medication duplication in health care systems without gatekeeping or referral requirement. Thus, to overcome this problem, a reminder letter has been developed in Taiwan to nudge patients to engage in medication management. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of reminder letter on reducing duplicated medications. RESEARCH DESIGN: A 2-arm randomized controlled trial design...
March 14, 2024: Medical Care
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38497301/balancing-ethics-and-culture-a-scoping-review-of-ethico-cultural-and-implementation-challenges-of-the-individual-based-consent-model-in-african-research
#17
REVIEW
Richard Appiah, Giuseppe Raviola, Benedict Weobong
Objective: This review explores the ethico-cultural and implementation challenges associated with the individual-based informed consent (IC) model in the relatively collectivistic African context and examines suggested approaches to manage them. Methods: We searched four databases for peer-reviewed studies published in English between 2000 to 2023 that examined the ethico-cultural and implementation challenges associated with the IC model in Africa. Results: Findings suggest that the individual-based IC model largely misaligns with certain African social values and ethos and subverts the authority and functions of community gatekeepers...
March 18, 2024: Journal of Empirical Research on Human Research Ethics: JERHRE
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38494799/-improved-outcomes-in-resectable-advanced-or-recurrent-lung-cancer
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yasushi Goto
Cytotoxic chemotherapeutic agents are defined by the AACR as traditional chemotherapy and have long been a mainstay of cancer treatment. Many of these drugs have been developed through screening natural substances. The efficacy of these drugs for non-small cell lung cancer was demonstrated by a 1995 meta-analysis, which showed an extension of survival time with cisplatin. Although numerous drugs have been developed, combinations such as carboplatin with paclitaxel and cisplatin with gemcitabine have been standard treatments...
March 2024: Gan to Kagaku Ryoho. Cancer & Chemotherapy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38481826/utilization-of-primary-health-care-under-national-health-insurance-in-samarinda-municipality-east-kalimantan-province-indonesia
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dewi Astuti, Sukhontha Kongsin, Sukhum Jiamton, Phusit Prakongsai, Scott Robert Hearnden
AIM: In Indonesia, basic community health services are provided to all citizens through Primary Health Care (PHC) settings under the National Health Insurance (NHI) scheme. The insurance is compulsory and provides basic community health needs. Based on a gatekeeper concept, the PHC is deemed to be the first contact point for all basic healthcare needs. Despite the commencement of services through PHC settings in 2014 under this concept, utilization in PHC settings remains lower than in hospital settings...
2024: Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38480688/nme3-is-a-gatekeeper-for-drp1-dependent-mitophagy-in-hypoxia
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chih-Wei Chen, Chi Su, Chang-Yu Huang, Xuan-Rong Huang, Xiaojing Cuili, Tung Chao, Chun-Hsiang Fan, Cheng-Wei Ting, Yi-Wei Tsai, Kai-Chien Yang, Ti-Yen Yeh, Sung-Tsang Hsieh, Yi-Ju Chen, Yuxi Feng, Tony Hunter, Zee-Fen Chang
NME3 is a member of the nucleoside diphosphate kinase (NDPK) family localized on the mitochondrial outer membrane (MOM). Here, we report a role of NME3 in hypoxia-induced mitophagy dependent on its active site phosphohistidine but not the NDPK function. Mice carrying a knock-in mutation in the Nme3 gene disrupting NME3 active site histidine phosphorylation are vulnerable to ischemia/reperfusion-induced infarction and develop abnormalities in cerebellar function. Our mechanistic analysis reveals that hypoxia-induced phosphatidic acid (PA) on mitochondria is essential for mitophagy and the interaction of DRP1 with NME3...
March 13, 2024: Nature Communications
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