Shock - Epidiomology

In this study, we investigated the trimerization mechanism and structure of heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) using western blotting, tryptophan (Trp) fluorescence spectroscopy, and molecular modeling. First, we examined the DNA-binding domains of human ( Homo sapiens ), goldfish ( Carassius auratus ), and walleye pollock ( Gadus chalcogrammus ) HSF1s by mutating key residues (36 and 103) that are thought to directly affect trimer formation. Human, goldfish, and walleye pollock HSF1s contain cysteine at residue 36 but cysteine (C), tyrosine (Y), and phenylalanine (F), respectively, at residue 103...

Apocynum venetum L. belongs to the Apocynaceae family and is a plant that is highly resistant to stress. It is important in the fields of ecology, feeding, industry and medicine. The molecular mechanism underlying salt tolerance has not been elucidated. In this study, RNA-seq based transcriptome sequencing of A. venetum leaves after 0, 2, 6, 12, 24 and 48 h of treatment with 300 mM NaCl was performed. We conducted a comprehensive analysis of the transcriptome expression profiles of A. venetum under salt stress using the WGCNA method and identified red, black, and brown as the core modules regulating the salt tolerance of A...

BACKGROUND: Acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD) is a critical cardiovascular emergency that requires prompt surgical intervention for preserving life, particularly in patients with critical preoperative status. This retrospective study aimed to investigate the clinical features, early and late outcomes, and prognostic factors in patients undergoing aortic repair surgery for ATAAD complicated with preoperative shock. METHODS: Between April 2007 and July 2020, 694 consecutive patients underwent emergency ATAAD repair at our institution, including 162 (23...

BACKGROUND: Alongside the recent worldwide expansion of hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae (KP) infections, the available literature regarding cases of community acquired pneumonias (KP-CAP) remains scarce but reports a strikingly high and early mortality. We performed a retrospective multicenter study (7 ICU in France) between 2015 and 2019, comparing prognosis and severity of KP-CAP versus Streptococcus pneumoniae - CAP (SP-CAP). METHODS: For each KP-CAP, three SP-CAP admitted in ICUs within the same center and within the same 6-month window were selected...

Cardiac arrhythmias following electrocution injuries can accompany high-voltage or high- intensity currents. Contributing factors to electrical hazard are the type of current, voltage, resistance, and duration of contact and pathway through the body. It is important to monitor for delayed arrhythmias in patients with an electrical injury. We describe a case of a 52-year-old man who presented after an electrical shock injury while grabbing a 5,000-voltage wire at work. In this case report, we discuss the presentation, management, and follow-up recommendations for this type of injury...

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Interventional micro-axial flow blood pump is widely used as an effective treatment for patients with cardiogenic shock. Hemolysis and coagulation are vital concerns in the clinical application of interventional micro-axial flow pumps. This paper reviewed hemolysis and coagulation models for micro-axial flow blood pumps. Firstly, the structural characteristics of commercial interventional micro-axial flow blood pumps and issues related to clinical applications were introduced. Then the basic mechanisms of hemolysis and coagulation were used to study the factors affecting erythrocyte damage and platelet activation in interventional micro-axial flow blood pumps, focusing on the current models of hemolysis and coagulation on different scales (macroscopic, mesoscopic, and microscopic)...

Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), especially those on dialysis or who have received a kidney transplant (KT), are considered more vulnerable to severe COVID-19. This susceptibility is attributed to advanced age, a higher frequency of comorbidities, and the chronic immunosuppressed state, which may exacerbate their susceptibility to severe outcomes. Therefore, our study aimed to compare the clinical characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 in KT patients with those on chronic dialysis and non-CKD patients in a propensity score-matched cohort study...

Nonocclusive mesenteric ischemia (NOMI) causes mesenteric ischemia and intestinal necrosis despite the absence of organic obstruction, such as thrombi and emboli in mesenteric blood vessels, and it has an extremely poor prognosis. We report a case of NOMI developed during bioradiotherapy (BRT) with cetuximab for cervical lymph node metastasis of tongue cancer. The patient was a 73-year-old man who underwent right radical neck dissection for neck lymph node metastasis after tongue cancer surgery. Postoperatively, the patient received BRT with cetuximab...

Empyema is the collection of pus in the pleural cavity and most times, it occurs unilaterally. It is often associated with underlying pneumonia, but other causes have been identified as well. When it occurs after an esophageal perforation, which in itself is also rare, morbidity and mortality are even higher. Esophageal perforation can cause life-threatening complications due to its close proximity to the vital organs of the mediastinum, necessitating its timely diagnosis and aggressive management. Bacteria forming part of the normal esophageal and oral flora are the most common causative pathogens for empyema from an esophageal perforation...

Pegfilgrastim dramatically reduces febrile neutropenia (FN) caused by high-risk chemotherapy. This report details the presentation of a 72-year-old female who developed a fatal infection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa pneumonia that occurred during preoperative chemotherapy despite pegfilgrastim administration. She was brought to the hospital with symptoms of high fever and general fatigue during chemotherapy, but her respiratory symptoms were minimal, and a chest computed tomography (CT) showed no obvious signs of pneumonia...

The nucleus of Darkschewitsch (ND), mainly composed of GABAergic neurons, is widely recognized as a component of the eye-movement controlling system. However, the functional contribution of ND GABAergic neurons (NDGABA ) in animal behavior is largely unknown. Here, we show that NDGABA neurons were selectively activated by different types of fear stimuli, such as predator odor and foot shock. Optogenetic and chemogenetic manipulations revealed that NDGABA neurons mediate freezing behavior. Moreover, using circuit-based optogenetic and neuroanatomical tracing methods, we identified an excitatory pathway from the lateral periaqueductal gray (lPAG) to the ND that induces freezing by exciting ND inhibitory outputs to the motor-related gigantocellular reticular nucleus, ventral part (GiV)...

BACKGROUND: Radiotherapy plays a vital role in the management of high-grade gliomas. However, the radio resistance of glioma cells limits the effect of radiation and drives recurrence inside the irradiated tumor volume leading to poor outcomes for patients. METHODS: High-grade glioma cell radioresistance significantly contributes to radiotherapy failure, highlighting the importance of identifying predictive biomarkers for radioresistance. An increasing body of evidence complies with the Yes Associated Protein 1 (Yap-1) and heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) as biomarkers for radioresistance in glioma cells...

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of low-intensity, high-frequency shock waves in the treatment of temporomandibular joint disorders. METHODS: Twenty-six patients with temporomandibular joint disorder admitted to the Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University from August 2022 to December 2022 were selected as study subjects and randomly divided into two groups, A and B, with 13 patients each. In Group A, there were 5 males and 8 females with an average age of 38...

INTRODUCTION: Some studies in both children and adults have shown a mortality benefit for the use of low titer group O whole blood (LTOWB) compared to component therapy for traumatic resuscitation. Although LTOWB is not widely available at pediatric trauma centers, its use is increasing. We hypothesized that in children who received whole blood after injury, the proportion of whole blood in relation to the total blood product resuscitation volume would impact survival. METHODS: The trauma database from a single academic pediatric level 1 trauma center was queried for pediatric (age < 18 years) recipients of LTOWB after injury (years 2015-2022)...

OBJECTIVES: Symptomatic neonates and infants with Ebstein Anomaly (EA) require complex management. A group of experts was commissioned by the American Association for Thoracic Surgery to provide a framework on this topic focusing on risk stratification and management. METHODS: The EA Clinical Congenital Practice Standards Committee is a multinational and multidisciplinary group of surgeons and cardiologists with expertise in EA. A citation search in PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science was performed using key words related to EA...

As an agricultural pest, the fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda, poses a severe threat to agriculture in China. Chlorantraniliprole has been widely used to control this pest. In our previous studies, we discovered that LD10 , LD20 , and LD30 chlorantraniliprole promoted encapsulation in the 4th instar larvae of the FAW, with LD30 chlorantraniliprole having the most significant effect. To further investigate the molecular mechanism underlying the sublethal effects of chlorantraniliprole on encapsulation in the FAW, this study conducted the effects of encapsulation in 4th instar larvae of the FAW exposed to LD30 chlorantraniliprole...

INTRODUCTION: Hemorrhagic shock (HS) poses a life-threatening condition with the lungs being one of the most susceptible organs to its deleterious effects. Extracellular cold-inducible RNA binding protein (eCIRP) has emerged as a pivotal mediator of inflammation, and its release has been observed as a case of HS-induced tissue injury. Previous studies unveiled a promising engineered microRNA, designated PS-OMe miR130, which inhibits eCIRP, thereby safeguarding vital organs. In this study, we hypothesized that PS-OMe miR130 serves as a protective shield against HS-induced lung injury by curtailing the overzealous inflammatory immune response...

In the last decade, much attention was given to the study of physiological amyloid fibrils. These structures include A-bodies, which are the nucleolar fibrillar formations that appear in the response to acidosis and heat shock, and disassemble after the end of stress. One of the proteins involved in the biogenesis of A-bodies, regardless of the type of stress, is Von-Hippel Lindau protein (VHL). Known also as a tumor suppressor, VHL is capable to form amyloid fibrils both in vitro and in vivo in response to the environment acidification...