keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38306114/histological-characteristics-in-patients-admitted-to-the-hospital-with-alcoholic-hepatitis-complicated-by-acute-on-chronic-liver-failure
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Annelotte G C Broekhoven, Tessa Ostyn, Lukas van Melkebeke, Hein W Verspaget, Schalk van der Merwe, Jef Verbeek, Minneke J Coenraad, Tania A Roskams, Frederik Nevens
OBJECTIVES: Alcoholic hepatitis (AH) is a frequent precipitating event for the development of acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF), a syndrome characterised by organ failures due to immune dysfunction. The histological features of this complication are not well characterized. We investigated whether ACLF has specific histological characteristics. METHODS: Prospective cohort study in consecutive adult patients admitted between 03-2008 and 04-2021 to a tertiary referral centre with suspected AH...
February 2, 2024: Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38290384/the-mitochondrial-biliverdin-exporter-abcb10-in-hepatocytes-mitigates-neutrophilic-inflammation-in-alcoholic-hepatitis
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Vincent Gutierrez, Doyeon Kim-Vasquez, Michael Shum, Qihong Yang, Dante Dikeman, Stan G Louie, Orian S Shirihai, Hidekazu Tsukamoto, Marc Liesa
Acute liver failure caused by alcoholic hepatitis (AH) is only effectively treated with liver transplantation. Livers of patients with AH show a unique molecular signature characterized by defective hepatocellular redox metabolism, concurrent to hepatic infiltration of neutrophils that express myeloperoxidase (MPO) and form neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). Exacerbated NET formation and MPO activity contribute to liver damage in mice with AH and predicts poor prognosis in AH patients. The identification of pathways that maladaptively exacerbate neutrophilic activity in liver could inform of novel therapeutic approaches to treat AH...
January 24, 2024: Redox Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38269754/ardac-common-data-model-facilitates-data-dissemination-and-enables-data-commons-for-modern-clinical-studies
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nanxin Jin, Zuotian Li, Carla Kettler, Baijian Yang, Wanzhu Tu, Jing Su
Modern clinical studies collect longitudinal and multimodal data about participants, treatments and responses, biospecimens, and molecular and multiomics data. Such rich and complex data requires new common data models (CDM) to support data dissemination and research collaboration. We have developed the ARDaC CDM for the Alcoholic Hepatitis Network (AlcHepNet) Research Data Commons (ARDaC) to support clinical studies and translational research in the national AlcHepNet consortium. The ARDaC CDM bridges the gap between the data models used by the AlcHepNet electronic data capture platform (REDCap) and the Genomic Data Commons (GDC) data model used by the Gen3 data commons framework...
January 25, 2024: Studies in Health Technology and Informatics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38235907/transjugular-intrahepatic-portosystemic-shunts-for-adults-with-hepatorenal-syndrome
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alejandro G Gonzalez-Garay, Aurora E Serralde-Zúñiga, Liliana Velasco Hidalgo, Nayelli Cointa Flores García, Ma Isabel Aguirre-Salgado
BACKGROUND: Hepatorenal syndrome is a condition that occurs in people with chronic liver disease (such as alcoholic hepatitis, advanced cirrhosis, or fulminant liver failure) and portal hypertension. The prognosis is dismal, often with a survival of weeks to months. Hepatorenal syndrome is characterised by the development of intense splanchnic vasodilation favouring ascites and hypotension leading to renal vasoconstriction and acute renal failure. Therefore, treatment attempts focus on improving arterial pressure through the use of vasopressors, paracentesis, and increasing renal perfusion pressure...
January 18, 2024: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38223416/multifunctional-roles-of-inflammation-and-its-causative-factors-in-primary-liver-cancer-a-literature-review
#25
REVIEW
Hong-Jin Chen, Ting-Xiong Huang, Yu-Xi Jiang, Xiong Chen, Ai-Fang Wang
Primary liver cancer is a severe and complex disease, leading to 800000 global deaths annually. Emerging evidence suggests that inflammation is one of the critical factors in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Patients with viral hepatitis, alcoholic hepatitis, and steatohepatitis symptoms are at higher risk of developing HCC. However, not all inflammatory factors have a pathogenic function in HCC development. The current study describes the process and mechanism of hepatitis development and its progression to HCC, particularly focusing on viral hepatitis, alcoholic hepatitis, and steatohepatitis...
December 27, 2023: World Journal of Hepatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38215876/development-and-evaluation-of-objective-trial-performance-metrics-for-multisite-clinical-studies-experience-from-the-alchep-network
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Srinivasan Dasarathy, Wanzhu Tu, Annette Bellar, Nicole Welch, Carla Kettler, Qing Tang, Suthat Liangpunsakul, Samer Gawrieh, Svetlana Radaeva, Mack Mitchell
BACKGROUND: Recruitment and retention are critical in clinical studies but there are limited objective metrics of trial performance. We tested if development of trial performance metrics will allow for objective evaluation of study quality. Performance metrics were developed using data from the observational cohort (OBS) and randomized clinical trial (RCT) arms of the prospective Alcoholic Hepatitis Network. METHODS: Yield-rate (%YR; eligible/screened), recruitment index (RI; mean recruitment time/patient), completion index (CI; average number of days to complete the follow-up/patient), and protocol adherence index (AI; average number of deviations/subject recruited) were determined...
January 10, 2024: Contemporary Clinical Trials
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38203321/human-precision-cut-liver-slices-a-potential-platform-to-study-alcohol-related-liver-disease
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Una Rastovic, Sergio Francesco Bozzano, Antonio Riva, Arturo Simoni-Nieves, Nicola Harris, Rosa Miquel, Carolin Lackner, Yoh Zen, Ane Zamalloa, Krishna Menon, Nigel Heaton, Shilpa Chokshi, Elena Palma
Alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) encompasses a range of pathological conditions that are complex to study at the clinical and preclinical levels. Despite the global burden of ALD, there is a lack of effective treatments, and mortality is high. One of the reasons for the unsuccessful development of novel therapies is that experimental studies are hindered by the challenge of recapitulating this multifactorial disorder in vitro, including the contributions of hepatotoxicity, impaired lipid metabolism, fibrosis and inflammatory cytokine storm, which are critical drivers in the pathogenesis of ALD in patients and primary targets for drug development...
December 21, 2023: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38180800/model-of-disease-severity-in-alcoholic-hepatitis-and-novel-prognostic-insights
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Vlad-Teodor Enciu, Priscila Madalina Ologeanu, Ana-Maria Calin-Necula, Alexandru Constantin Moldoveanu, Gabriela Oprea-Calin, Carmen Fierbinteanu-Braticevici
INTRODUCTION: Harmful alcohol consumption is one of the leading risk factors for global disease burden and injury condition, causing death and disability early in life, with over 3 million deaths worldwide every year. Alcoholic hepatitis (AH) is a clinical syndrome characterized by hepatic failure with recent onset of jaundice, consequence of a heavy chronic alcohol drinking. The disease severity ranges from mild to severe cases, with high short-term mortality. Individual variety regarding disease outcome and therapeutic response complicates the prognosis stratification...
January 5, 2024: Romanian Journal of Internal Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38168393/disrupted-balance-between-pro-inflammatory-lipid-mediators-and-anti-inflammatory-specialized-pro-resolving-mediators-is-linked-to-hyperinflammation-in-patients-with-alcoholic-hepatitis
#29
Wei Li, Ying Xia, Jing Yang, Arun J Sanyal, Vijay H Shah, Naga P Chalasani, Qigui Yu
BACKGROUND: Chronic excessive alcohol consumption leads to a spectrum of alcohol-associated liver diseases (ALD), including alcoholic hepatitis (AH). AH is characterized by intense systemic and liver inflammation, posing significant risks of health complications and mortality. While inflammation is a crucial defense mechanism against injury and infection, its timely resolution is essential to prevent tissue damage and restore tissue homeostasis. The resolution of inflammation is an actively regulated process, primarily governed by specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs), lipid metabolites derived from ω-6 and ω-3 poly-unsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs)...
December 17, 2023: medRxiv
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38157696/targeting-rxfp1-by-ligustilide-a-novel-therapeutic-approach-for-alcoholic-hepatic-steatosis
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hong-Xu Yang, Xue-Li Jiang, Rong-Mei Zuo, Yan-Ling Wu, Ji-Xing Nan, Li-Hua Lian
BACKGROUND: Ligustilide (Lig) is the main active ingredient of Umbelliferae Angelicae Sinensis Radix (Chinese Angelica) and Chuanxiong Rhizoma (Sichuan lovase rhizome). Lig possesses various pharmacological properties and could treat obesity by regulating energy metabolism. However, the impact and regulatory mechanism of Lig on alcoholic hepatic steatosis remains unclear. PURPOSE: This study aimed to explore the therapeutic effect of Lig on alcoholic hepatic steatosis and its related pharmacological mechanism...
December 28, 2023: International Immunopharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38099350/albumin-an-interesting-and-functionally-diverse-protein-varies-from-native-to-effective-review
#31
REVIEW
Nijin Wu, Tiantian Liu, Miaomiao Tian, Chenxi Liu, Shujun Ma, Huiling Cao, Hongjun Bian, Le Wang, Yuemin Feng, Jianni Qi
Human serum albumins (HSAs) are synthesized in the liver and are the most abundant proteins in plasma of healthy human. They play an important role in the pathophysiological processes of the liver and even the whole organism. Previous studies have mainly focused on the regulation of HSAs' expression. However, with the progress of research in recent years, it has been found that the content of circulating albumin cannot fully reflect the biological function of albumin itself. Given the aforementioned fact, the concept of serum 'effective albumin concentration' has been proposed...
February 2024: Molecular Medicine Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38094617/recent-insight-into-the-role-of-macrophage-in-alcohol-associated-liver-disease-a-mini-review
#32
REVIEW
Jialiang Sun, Peiliang Zhao, Ying Shi, Yanan Li
Alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) is a condition that develops due to prolonged and excessive alcohol consumption. It encompasses various stages of liver damage, including fatty liver, alcoholic hepatitis, and cirrhosis. Immune cells, particularly macrophages, of various types play a significant role in the onset and progression of the disease. Macrophages observed in the liver exhibit diverse differentiation forms, and perform a range of functions. Beyond M1 and M2 macrophages, human macrophages can polarize into distinct phenotypes in response to various stimuli...
2023: Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38076358/diabetes-mellitus-and-poor-glycemic-control-negatively-impact-clinical-outcomes-and-survival-in-patients-with-compensated-cirrhosis
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kanachai Boonpiraks, Anawin Bunyuen, Pornthep Dechphol, Kanokporn Sanpawithayakul, Sith Siramolpiwat
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Diabetes mellitus (DM) increases morbidity and mortality in advanced cirrhosis. Information on the prognostic impact of DM in compensated cirrhosis is scarce. We aimed to explore the effect of DM and glycemic control on the natural history of compensated cirrhotic patients. METHODS: This retrospective longitudinal cohort study included Child A/B cirrhosis without or free from decompensation or hospitalization > 1 year. Data on survival, unplanned hospitalization, hepatic decompensation (ascites, portal hypertension-related bleeding, hepatic encephalopathy, acute kidney injury), new infection, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) were collected...
2024: Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hepatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38059838/akkermansia-muciniphila-and-alcohol-related-liver-diseases-a-systematic-review
#34
REVIEW
Lydie Sparfel, Sandy Ratodiarivony, Elisa Boutet-Robinet, Sandrine Ellero-Simatos, Anne Jolivet-Gougeon
SCOPE: Akkermansia muciniphila (A. muciniphila) are Gram negative commensal bacteria, degrading mucin in the intestinal mucosa, modulating intestinal permeability and inflammation in the digestive tract, liver, and blood. Some components can promote the relative abundance of A. muciniphila in the gut microbiota, but lower levels of A. muciniphila are more commonly found in people with obesity, diabetes, metabolic syndromes, or inflammatory digestive diseases. Over-intake of ethanol can also induce a decrease of A...
December 7, 2023: Molecular Nutrition & Food Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38055648/incidence-clinical-characteristics-and-risk-factors-associated-with-recurrent-alcohol-associated-hepatitis
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kavish R Patidar, Maria Guarnizo Ortiz, James E Slaven, Lauren D Nephew, Eduardo Vilar Gomez, Carla D Kettler, Marwan S Ghabril, Archita P Desai, Eric S Orman, Naga Chalasani, Samer Gawrieh
BACKGROUND: Alcohol relapse occurs frequently in alcohol-associated hepatitis (AH) survivors, but data on the frequency and course of recurrent alcohol-associated hepatitis (rAH) are sparse. We investigated the incidence, risk factors, and outcomes of rAH. METHODS: Hospitalized patients with AH from 2010 to 2020 at a large health care system were followed until death/liver transplant, last follow-up, or end of study (December 31, 2021). AH was defined by NIAAA Alcoholic Hepatitis Consortium criteria; rAH was defined a priori as a discrete AH episode >6 months from index AH hospitalization with interim >50% improvement or normalization of total bilirubin...
December 1, 2023: Hepatology Communications
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38055614/discovery-and-characterization-of-cross-reactive-intrahepatic-antibodies-in-severe-alcoholic-hepatitis
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ali Reza Ahmadi, Guang Song, Tianshun Gao, Jing Ma, Xiaomei Han, Ming-Wen Hu, Andrew M Cameron, Russell N Wesson, Benjamin Philosophe, Shane Ottmann, Elizabeth King, Ahmet Gurakar, Le Qi, Brandon Peiffer, James Burdick, Robert Anders, Zhanxiang Zhou, Hongkun Lu, Dechun Feng, Chien-Sheng Chen, Jiang Qian, Bin Gao, Heng Zhu, Zhaoli Sun
The pathogenesis of antibodies in severe alcoholic hepatitis (SAH) remains unknown. We analyzed immunoglobulins (Ig) in explanted livers from SAH patients (n=45) undergoing liver transplantation and tissues from corresponding healthy donors (HD, n=10) and found massive deposition of IgG and IgA isotype antibodies associated with complement fragment C3d and C4d staining in ballooned hepatocytes in SAH livers. Ig extracted from SAH livers, but not patient serum exhibited hepatocyte killing efficacy. Employing human and Escherichia coli K12 proteome arrays, we profiled the antibodies extracted from explanted SAH, livers with other diseases, and HD livers...
December 6, 2023: ELife
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38054575/non-invasive-markers-of-inflammation-in-alcohol-associated-liver-disease-a-scoping-review
#37
REVIEW
Khalid Fahoum, Xiaohan Ying, Patrick T Magahis, Joshua Ross, Elora Basu, Nicole T Shen, Becky Baltich Nelson, Robert S Brown, Arun B Jesudian
Clinical manifestations of liver inflammation in alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) can range from asymptomatic to severe alcoholic hepatitis. While biopsy is the gold standard for identifying liver inflammation, it is an invasive procedure with risks of bleeding, visceral damage, and infection. We aim to establish the state of the current literature on non-invasive markers of inflammation in ALD. We searched Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Library for original studies on the association between one or more non-invasive biomarker(s) and histological inflammation or hepatitis in ALD patients...
December 6, 2023: Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38034523/alcoholic-foamy-degeneration-an-unusual-presentation-of-the-alcoholic-liver-disease-diagnosed-on-autopsy
#38
Rashmi Joshi, Mayur Parkhi, Anjali Gupta, Terence Susngi, Ashwani Kumar, Deba Prasad Dhibar, Suvradeep Mitra
Alcoholic foamy degeneration (AFD) is an uncommon presentation of alcoholic liver disease (ALD) with characteristic histologic findings of foamy-looking hepatocytes due to the presence of abundant microvesicles of fat within the cytoplasm predominantly in perivenular and midzonal regions without inflammation and fibrosis. It is underdiagnosed as the patients quickly recover after alcoholic abstinence and are rarely caught on biopsies. AFD has better prognosis than alcoholic hepatitis, and the injury mechanism is different, warranting a different diagnosis...
2023: Autopsy & Case Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38025713/endoplasmic-reticulum-stress-in-the-pathogenesis-of-alcoholic-liver-disease
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Man Na, Xingbiao Yang, Yongkun Deng, Zhaoheng Yin, Mingwei Li
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) plays a pivotal role in protein synthesis, folding, and modification. Under stress conditions such as oxidative stress and inflammation, the ER can become overwhelmed, leading to an accumulation of misfolded proteins and ensuing ER stress. This triggers the unfolded protein response (UPR) designed to restore ER homeostasis. Alcoholic liver disease (ALD), a spectrum disorder resulting from chronic alcohol consumption, encompasses conditions from fatty liver and alcoholic hepatitis to cirrhosis...
2023: PeerJ
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38011683/granulocyte-colony-stimulating-factor-plus-pentoxifylline-increases-short-term-survival-in-patients-with-severe-alcoholic-hepatitis-a-network-meta-analysis
#40
REVIEW
Fangfang Duan, Chen Liu, Chunyan Chang, Shanshan Song, Hang Zhai, Jun Cheng, Song Yang
Background: Optimal treatments for severe alcoholic hepatitis (SAH) remain controversial. Previous network meta-analysis showed that corticosteroid (CS) combined with N-acetylcysteine (NAC) was superior in reducing short-term mortality of patients with SAH. Recently, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) treatments for SAH yielded promising results. Objectives: To determine how currently available treatments affect the survival and complications of patients with SAH. Methods: The study was conducted following the guidelines of PRISMA...
November 27, 2023: American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse
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