keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/6121825/psychiatric-side-effects-of-antihypertensive-drugs-other-than-reserpine
#21
REVIEW
E S Paykel, R Fleminger, J P Watson
The psychiatric side effects of the major antihypertensive drugs other than reserpine are reviewed, including centrally acting drugs such as methyldopa and clonidine, peripheral adrenergic drugs such as guanethidine, beta-adrenoceptor blockers such as propranolol, and diuretics. Problems with differential diagnosis and with the interpretation of case reports make assessment of psychiatric side effects difficult. Sedation and sleep disturbances are the most common side effects, occurring with methyldopa, clonidine, and propranolol...
February 1982: Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/6102518/sleep-disturbances-nightmares-and-other-possible-central-nervous-disturbances-in-a-population-sample-of-women-with-special-reference-to-those-on-antihypertensive-drugs
#22
COMPARATIVE STUDY
C Bengtsson, J Lennartsson, O Lindquist, H Noppa, J Sigurdsson
Of 1302 women aged 44-66 years in a population study in Göteborg, Sweden, in 1974-75, who were representative of women of all the ages studied in the area, 165 were taking antihypertensive drugs, mostly beta-blockers and diuretics. The prevalence of sleep disturbances, nightmares, tiredness and melancholia or depression was studied in the total population sample, and a comparison was made between women who were or were not taking antihypertensive drugs. In the entire population sample no significant difference was found between the various age strata studied, although with increasing age there was a trend towards fewer complaints of nightmares, but a larger number of sleep disturbances as a whole...
1980: European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/4054195/atenolol-versus-pindolol-side-effects-in-hypertension
#23
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
E C Foerster, P Greminger, W Siegenthaler, H Vetter, W Vetter
This randomized crossover out-patient study was designed to compare the antihypertensive effects of atenolol and pindolol. After a wash-out period of two weeks in pretreated cases, 107 patients with essential hypertension were given either atenolol 100 mg once-daily or pindolol 20 mg slow release (SR) once-daily. Both atenolol and pindolol lowered blood pressure over the 24 week period. The diastolic blood pressure reduction was significantly greater (p less than 0.01) with atenolol than with pindolol. Before beta-blocker therapy, many patients had already experienced side-effects such as fatigue, sleep disturbances and dreams...
1985: European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/4054193/cns-related-side-effects-with-metoprolol-and-atenolol
#24
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
J R Cove-Smith, C A Kirk
Vivid and bizarre dreams, hallucinations, sleep disturbance and psychosis have all been described following treatment with beta-blockers. It has been suggested that these central nervous system (CNS) side-effects are related to the degree of lipophilicity of the beta-blocker. A randomized double-blind crossover study was performed to compare the incidence of CNS side-effects with atenolol and metoprolol in hypertensive patients who had reported CNS side-effects with lipophilic beta-blockers. Eleven women and six men completed the study, in which a 30-item psychiatric questionnaire was used to detect changes in psychological status and possible CNS side-effects...
1985: European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/3910775/captopril-as-a-replacement-for-multiple-therapy-in-hypertension-a-controlled-study
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Y Yodfat, J Fidel, D S Bloom
A controlled study was conducted in hypertensive patients to investigate whether captopril can be substituted for the various other antihypertensive drugs (not including diuretics) to reduce side effects and improve the quality of life. Captopril in a twice daily dose of 25-50 mg, was substituted and titrated in 54 patients. Fifty-two patients, matched by age and sex, comprised the control group, and were treated with a variety of agents. During a follow-up of 9 months, 44 of the patients receiving captopril (81%) achieved the goal of supine blood pressure less than 90 mmHg...
November 1985: Journal of Hypertension. Supplement: Official Journal of the International Society of Hypertension
https://read.qxmd.com/read/3791361/postmarketing-comparison-of-labetalol-and-propranolol-in-hypertensive-patients
#26
COMPARATIVE STUDY
D L Due, G C Giguere, J R Plachetka
A survey was conducted to compare the safety and effectiveness of labetalol and propranolol under routine conditions of clinical use. Patients received either labetalol (n = 805) or propranolol (n = 135) twice daily, according to package insert instructions, for six weeks. Every two weeks the patients were evaluated and weight, heart rate, blood pressure, dose, and adverse symptoms were recorded. Both treatment groups experienced a significant decline in blood pressure at six weeks; blood pressure decreased by 24/15 mmHg in the labetalol patients and by 20/14 mmHg in the propranolol patients...
1986: Clinical Therapeutics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/2865155/side-effects-of-beta-blockers-assessed-using-visual-analogue-scales
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
R V Lewis, P R Jackson, L E Ramsay
Visual analogue scales were used in a pilot study to compare side-effects in patients receiving antihypertensive drugs either including or excluding beta-blockers. Compared with symptom scores for patients receiving antihypertensive medication other than a beta-blocker, symptom scores (when combined) for patients receiving a beta-blocker were significantly higher for tired legs (p less than 0.001), cold digits (p less than 0.005), and vivid dreams (p less than 0.01). These methods were also applied in a postal survey which was designed to compare the incidence of symptoms in patients receiving different beta-blockers with symptoms in subjects receiving no drugs...
1985: European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/2865153/central-nervous-system-side-effects-with-hydrophilic-and-lipophilic-beta-blockers
#28
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
A Westerlund
Previous investigations have suggested that hydrophilic beta-blockers, which appear at low concentrations in brain tissue, are less likely to produce CNS-related side-effects than are lipophilic beta-blockers, which occur at higher concentrations in the brain. The validity of this hypothesis was tested in a double-blind crossover study in which the hydrophilic beta-blocker atenolol was compared with the lipophilic agents metoprolol and propranolol, in 14 patients with a previous history of nightmares or hallucinations when treated with lipophilic beta-blockers...
1985: European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/2865152/beta-blockers-and-sleep-a-controlled-trial
#29
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
T A Betts, C Alford
The effects on sleep of four beta-blockers, atenolol, propranolol, metoprolol and pindolol, were studied in a placebo-controlled trial. Drugs were administered in random order to 10 female volunteers who acted as their own controls. Subjects were tested five times, each test period lasting 10 nights (2 baseline, 2 low dose, 4 high dose, and 2 withdrawal). A questionnaire concerning subjective appreciation of the quality of the previous night's sleep was completed each morning. Night recordings of muscle tension, eye movement, heart rate and electroencephalogram were recorded on paper and magnetic tape...
1985: European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/2865151/cns-related-side-effects-of-beta-blockers-with-special-reference-to-mechanisms-of-action
#30
REVIEW
W P Koella
beta-Adrenoreceptor antagonists are liable to produce behavioural side-effects such as drowsiness, fatigue, lethargy, sleep disorders, nightmares, depressive moods, and hallucinations. These undesirable actions indicate that beta-blockers affect not only peripheral autonomic activity but also some central nervous mechanisms. In experimental animals beta-blockers have been found to reduce spontaneous motor activity, to counteract isolation-, lesion-, stimulation- and amphetamine-induced hyperactivity, and to produce slow-wave and paradoxical sleep disturbances...
1985: European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/2862895/measuring-side-effects-of-beta-adrenoceptor-antagonists-a-comparison-of-two-methods
#31
COMPARATIVE STUDY
R V Lewis, P R Jackson, L E Ramsay
The prevalence of side-effects of beta-adrenoceptor antagonists among hypertensive patients was assessed by two methods. Using visual analogue scales, scores for tired legs, cold digits and vivid dreaming were significantly higher in patients taking beta-adrenoceptor blockers than in patients not taking beta-adrenoceptor blockers. When measured by numerical scales, from 1 to 10, these symptoms showed no relation to beta-adrenoceptor blocker treatment. The visual analogue scales were more sensitive than the numerical scales because the scores were distributed more evenly over the analogue scales...
June 1985: British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/1969642/beta-blockers-and-central-nervous-system-side-effects
#32
REVIEW
J McAinsh, J M Cruickshank
Beta-adrenergic blocking drugs are a widely used, well tolerated and effective treatment for a variety of cardiovascular and noncardiovascular disorders. Over the years, beta-blockers have been associated with an incidence, albeit low, of CNS side effects. The question of interest, however, is whether the incidence is the same for all members of the class or whether other properties, such as hydrophilicity, have a bearing on the incidence of this type of side effect? This article addresses this question. In pharmacokinetic terms the lipophilic beta-blockers have been shown, both in animals and man, to readily cross the blood-brain barrier in contrast to hydrophilic beta-blockers...
1990: Pharmacology & Therapeutics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/1680114/beta-blocker-therapy-identification-and-management-of-side-effects
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
K E Dennis, D Froman, A S Morrison, K D Holmes, D G Howes
The purpose of this study was to develop and test a new beta-Blocker Visual Analog Scale designed to identify and quantify the impact that the side effects of beta-blocker therapy have on people's lives, and the self-management practices people use to mediate their influence. Instruments included the 20-item beta-Blocker Visual Analog Scale and the Profile of Mood States. Subjects had hypertension; 51 men were involved in a larger study involving antihypertensive medications and exercise, and 19 men and women were receiving beta-blocker therapy as first-line drug of choice...
September 1991: Heart & Lung: the Journal of Critical Care
https://read.qxmd.com/read/1564675/cognitive-effects-of-beta-blockers
#34
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
J E Dimsdale, R P Newton
This study examined the effects of atenolol and metoprolol on neuropsychologic functioning, mood, sedation, and sleep. Following tapering of antihypertensive medication and a 3-wk placebo washout, 35 hypertensive patients were randomized to receive double-blind either atenolol or metoprolol for 4 wk. There was no consistent evidence that beta blocker treatment was associated with a deleterious effect on neuropsychologic functioning. The neuropsychologic effects of the drugs did not differ. There were also no significant changes in mood as assessed by the Profile of Mood States as a consequence of treatment with a beta blocker...
April 1992: Journal of Psychosomatic Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/31259/atenolol-and-three-nonselective-beta-blockers-in-hypertension
#35
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
H J Waal-Manning
The object of this study was to establish whether cardioselectivity of atenolol confers any advantage over noncardioselective beta-blockade in the treatment of hypertension. A dose of atenolol was established on the basis of morning mean systolic blood pressure (mean of 5 readings) in 27 long-standing hypertensive patients previously controlled on one of three nonselective beta-blockers: propranolol, oxprenolol, or pindolol. Most patients were also taking a diuretic. A crossover trial was then conducted of atenolol and the previous nonselective beta-blocker, each drug being given for 8 wk in randomized order...
January 1979: Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/28454/effects-of-two-adrenergic-beta-receptor-blockers-on-the-sleep-cycle-of-the-cat
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
I Hilakivi, J Mäkelä, A Leppävuori, P T Putkonen
Sixteen hour polygraphic recordings (EEG, EOG and EMG) were obtained from 14 adult cats after intraperitoneal injections of propranolol (5 mg/kg) or pindolol (0.1 or 0.5 mg/kg). All injections moderately increased waking, which consisted mainly of a sedated drowsy stage. Both drugs also decreased deep slow wave sleep, while light slow wave sleep remained at control levels. The changes were more marked after propranolol, which also significantly reduced paradoxical sleep (PS). The decrease in the deeper stages of sleep and PS is suggested as being due to blockade of the central adrenergic beta-receptors per se and/or antagonistic effects of the beta-blockers on 5-HT receptors...
June 1978: Medical Biology
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