keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38488366/identification-and-genetic-engineering-of-pneumococcal-capsule-like-polysaccharides-in-commensal-oral-streptococci
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ren Wu, Moon Nahm, Jinghua Yang, C Allen Bush, Hui Wu
UNLABELLED: Capsular polysaccharides (CPS) in Streptococcus pneumoniae are pivotal for bacterial virulence and present extensive diversity. While oral streptococci show pronounced antigenicity toward pneumococcal capsule-specific sera, insights into evolution of capsule diversity remain limited. This study reports a pneumococcal CPS-like genetic locus in Streptococcus parasanguinis , a predominant oral Streptococcus . The discovered locus comprises 15 genes, mirroring high similarity to those from the Wzy-dependent CPS locus of S...
March 15, 2024: Microbiology Spectrum
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38482349/characterization-of-multidrugresistant-serogroup-19-streptococcus-pneumoniae-isolated-from-healthy-children-below-5-years-of-age-in-indonesia
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Korrie Salsabila, Yayah Winarti, Wisiva Tofriska Paramaiswari, Wisnu Tafroji, Hanifah Fajri Maharani Putri, Wa Ode Dwi Daningrat, I Gusti Ayu Inten Wulandari, Amin Soebandrio, Dodi Safari
We investigated the resistance genes, pilus islets, biofilm formation ability and sequence types of multidrug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae (MDRSP) isolated from healthy children below 5 years of age in Indonesia. In all, 104 archived MDRSP isolates from previous carriage studies in Indonesia in 2016-2019 were screened for the presence of antibiotic resistance genes and the rrgC (pilus islet 1) and pitB (pilus islet 2) genes. Multilocus sequence typing and biofilm formation were determined by PCR sequencing and the ability of cells to adhere to the walls, respectively...
2024: Access microbiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38474006/deciphering-the-interrelationship-of-arnt-involved-in-lipid-a-alteration-with-the-virulence-of-salmonella-typhimurium
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chandran Sivasankar, Khristine Kaith Sison Lloren, John Hwa Lee
The lipopolysaccharide (LPS) that resides on the outermost surface and protects Gram-negative bacteria from host defenses is one of the key components leading to Salmonella infection, particularly the endotoxic lipid A domain of LPS. Lipid A modifications have been associated with several genes such as the arnT that encodes 4-amino-4-deoxy-L-arabinose transferase, which can be critical for bacteria to resist cationic antimicrobial peptides and interfere with host immune recognition. However, the association of arnT with virulence is not completely understood...
February 27, 2024: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38468314/chev-enhances-the-virulence-of-salmonella-enteritidis-and-the-chev-deleted-salmonella-vaccine-provides-immunity-in-mice
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lu Zhang, Tonglei Wu, Fengjie Wang, Wan Liu, Guixin Zhao, Yanying Zhang, Zhiqiang Zhang, Qiumei Shi
BACKGROUND: Salmonella enteritidis (SE) is a major zoonotic pathogen and causes infections in a variety of hosts. The development of novel vaccines for SE is necessary to eradicate this pathogen. Genetically engineered attenuated live vaccines are more immunogenic and safer. Thus, to develop a live attenuated Salmonella vaccine, we constructed a cheV gene deletion strain of SE (named ΔcheV) and investigated the role of cheV in the virulence of SE. First, the ability to resist environmental stress in vitro, biofilm formation capacity, drug resistance and motility of ΔcheV were analyzed...
March 11, 2024: BMC Veterinary Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38400190/a-polyclonal-antibody-against-a-burkholderia-cenocepacia-ompa-like-protein-strongly-impairs-pseudomonas-aeruginosa-and-b-multivorans-virulence
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
António M M Seixas, Sara C Gomes, Carolina Silva, Leonilde M Moreira, Jorge H Leitão, Sílvia A Sousa
Despite advances in therapies, bacterial chronic respiratory infections persist as life-threatening to patients suffering from cystic fibrosis (CF). Pseudomonas aeruginosa and bacteria of the Burkholderia cepacia complex are among the most difficult of these infections to treat, due to factors like their resistance to multiple antibiotics and ability to form biofilms. The lack of effective antimicrobial strategies prompted our search for alternative immunotherapies that can effectively control and reduce those infections among CF patients...
February 17, 2024: Vaccines
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38400099/adjuvanted-vaccine-induces-functional-antibodies-against-pseudomonas-aeruginosa-filamentous-bacteriophages
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Valery C Román-Cruz, Shannon M Miller, Roman A Schoener, Chase Lukasiewicz, Amelia K Schmidt, Blair L DeBuysscher, David Burkhart, Patrick R Secor, Jay T Evans
Pseudomonas aeruginosa ( Pa ), a WHO priority 1 pathogen, resulted in approximately 559,000 deaths globally in 2019. Pa has a multitude of host-immune evasion strategies that enhance Pa virulence. Most clinical isolates of Pa are infected by a phage called Pf that has the ability to misdirect the host-immune response and provide structural integrity to biofilms. Previous studies demonstrate that vaccination against the coat protein (CoaB) of Pf4 virions can assist in the clearance of Pa from the dorsal wound model in mice...
January 24, 2024: Vaccines
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38395316/deletion-of-spea-and-aroc-genes-impacts-the-pathogenicity-of-vibrio-anguillarum-in-spotted-sea-bass
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Haisheng Xie, Yajuan Huang, Shengming Wang, Jingyuan Che, Tuyan Luo, Lekang Li, Baolong Bao
Vibrio anguillarum is one of the major pathogens responsible for bacterial infections in marine environments, causing significant impacts on the aquaculture industry. The misuse of antibiotics leads to bacteria developing multiple drug resistances, which is detrimental to the development of the fisheries industry. In contrast, live attenuated vaccines are gradually gaining acceptance and widespread recognition. In this study, we constructed a double-knockout attenuated strain, V. anguillarum ΔspeA-aroC, to assess its potential for preparing a live attenuated vaccine...
February 21, 2024: Microbial Pathogenesis
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38333568/interactions-and-implications-of-klebsiella-pneumoniae-with-human-immune-responses-and-metabolic-pathways-a-comprehensive-review
#8
REVIEW
Ruojing Bai, Jun Guo
Klebsiella pneumoniae ( K. pneumoniae ), a significant contributor to the global challenge of antibiotic resistance, is not only a ubiquitous component of the human microbiome but also a potent pathogen capable of causing a spectrum of diseases. This review provides a thorough analysis of the intricate interactions between K. pneumoniae and the human immune system, elucidating its substantial impact on metabolic processes. We explore the mechanisms employed by K. pneumoniae to evade and manipulate immune responses, including molecular mimicry, immune modulation, and biofilm formation...
2024: Infection and Drug Resistance
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38329985/transcriptomic-profiles-of-mannheimia-haemolytica-planktonic-and-biofilm-associated-cells
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hao Ma, David P Alt, Shollie M Falkenberg, Robert E Briggs, Fred M Tatum, Michael L Clawson, Eduardo Casas, Rohana P Dassanayake
Mannheimia haemolytica is the principal agent contributing to bovine respiratory disease and can form biofilms with increased resistance to antibiotic treatment and host immune defenses. To investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying M. haemolytica biofilm formation, transcriptomic analyses were performed with mRNAs sequenced from planktonic and biofilm cultures of pathogenic serotypes 1 (St 1; strain D153) and St 6 (strain D174), and St 2 (strain D35). The three M. haemolytica serotypes were cultured in two different media, Roswell Park Memorial Institute (RPMI) 1640 and brain heart infusion (BHI) to form the biofilms...
2024: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38328073/opposing-effects-of-acellular-and-whole-cell-pertussis-vaccines-on-bordetella-pertussis-biofilm-formation-siglec-f-neutrophil-recruitment-and-bacterial-clearance-in-mouse-nasal-tissues
#10
Jesse M Hall, Jessica L Gutiérrez-Ferman, Mohamed M Shamseldin, Myra Guo, Yash A Gupta, Rajendar Deora, Purnima Dubey
UNLABELLED: Despite global vaccination, pertussis caused by Bordetella pertussis ( Bp ) is resurging. Pertussis resurgence is correlated with the switch from whole cell vaccines (wPV) that elicit T H 1/T H 17 polarized immune responses to acellular pertussis vaccines (aPV) that elicit primarily T H 2 polarized immune responses. One explanation for the increased incidence in aPV-immunized individuals is the lack of bacterial clearance from the nose. To understand the host and bacterial mechanisms that contribute to Bp persistence, we evaluated bacterial localization and the immune response in the nasal associated tissues (NT) of naïve and immunized mice following Bp challenge...
January 25, 2024: bioRxiv
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38310999/bordetella-pertussis-isolates-in-finland-after-acellular-vaccination-serotype-change-and-biofilm-formation
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Vili Niinikoski, Alex-Mikael Barkoff, Jussi Mertsola, Qiushui He
OBJECTIVES: In Finland, whole cell pertussis vaccine (wP) was introduced in 1952 and was replaced by acellular pertussis vaccine (aP) without fimbrial (FIM) antigen in 2005. We aimed to analyze the changes in serotypes of circulating Bordetella pertussis before and after acellular vaccination, and to explore the relationship between biofilm formation and serotype diversity after introduction of aP vaccine. METHODS: Serotyping of 1399 B. pertussis isolates collected at the Finnish National Reference Laboratory for Pertussis and Diphtheria in Turku, Finland during 1974-2023 was performed by slide agglutination or indirect ELISA...
February 2, 2024: Clinical Microbiology and Infection
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38224762/aeromonas-veronii-tolc-modulates-its-virulence-and-the-immune-response-of-freshwater-pearl-mussels-hyriopsis-cumingii
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sichun Zheng, Xiaoqi Tang, Qinglin Yang, Xicheng Zhou, Yanhong Li, Zhengli Wu
Aeromonas veronii is an opportunistic pathogen that causes diseases in aquatic animals, but its key virulence factors remain unclear. We screened the gene tolC with significantly different expression levels in the two isolates, A. veronii GL2 (higher virulence) and A. veronii FO1 (lower virulence). Therefore, we constructed mutant strain ΔtolC and analyzed its immunological properties. ΔtolC exhibited the reduced ability of biofilms formation, inhibited envelope stress response mediated by several antibiotics except cefuroxime, implying the ability to evade host immunity might be restrained...
January 13, 2024: Developmental and Comparative Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38172669/proportion-of-toxin-and-non-toxin-virulence-factors-of-staphylococcus-aureus-isolates-from-diabetic-foot-infection-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Samaneh Shahrokh, Aliye Tabatabaee, Maryam Yazdi, Mansour Siavash
BACKGROUND: Staphylococcus aureus isolates are the leading cause of diabetic foot infections (DFIs). Identification of specific virulence factors of S. aureus involved in the pathogenesis of DFIs may help control the infection more effectively. Since the most prevalent virulence factor genes are probably related to the DFI pathogenesis, the aim of this study is to evaluate the proportion of virulence factor genes of S. aureus isolates from DFIs. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted a systematic search of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus to identify all articles reporting the proportion of different types of virulence factors of S...
January 3, 2024: BMC Microbiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38168334/boosting-bactericidal-immunity-of-a-recombinant-mycobacterium-smegmatis-strain-via-zinc-dependent-ribosomal-proteins
#14
Shivani Singh, David Kanzin, Sarah Chavez, N Alejandra Saavedra-Avila, Tony W Ng, Regy Lukose, Oren Mayer, John Kim, Bing Chen, Mei Chen, Steven A Porcelli, William R Jacobs, Sangeeta Tiwari
Tuberculosis (TB) continues to be a major global health burden and kills over a million people annually. New immunization strategies are required for the development of an efficacious TB vaccine that can potentially induce sterilizing immunity. In this study, we first confirmed that various strains of the IKEPLUS vaccine confer a higher survival benefit than BCG in a murine model of intravenous Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection. We have shown that there was a significant increase in the expression of the Rv0282 when IKEPLUS was grown in low zinc and iron containing Sauton medium...
December 12, 2023: bioRxiv
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38136737/longitudinal-study-of-antibiotic-resistance-of-staphylococci-from-cases-of-subclinical-mastitis-in-sheep-in-greece-incidence-and-risk-factors
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Charalambia K Michael, Daphne T Lianou, Katerina Tsilipounidaki, Zoe Florou, Natalia G C Vasileiou, Vasia S Mavrogianni, Efthymia Petinaki, George C Fthenakis
The present paper extends a previous publication on a field study of subclinical mastitis in sheep and focuses on the following laboratory characteristics of the staphylococcal isolates: antibiotic resistance and association with biofilm formation. The specific objectives of the present study were (a) to describe the incidence of isolation of antibiotic-resistant staphylococci from cases of mastitis throughout the milking period in dairy sheep flocks and (b) to identify relevant risk factors, which would contribute to the sustainable control of the infection...
December 7, 2023: Antibiotics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38134611/synthesis-and-application-of-bacterial-exopolysaccharides
#16
REVIEW
Gijs Ruijgrok, Dung-Yeh Wu, Herman S Overkleeft, Jeroen D C Codée
Exopolysaccharides are produced and excreted by bacteria in the generation of biofilms to provide a protective environment. These polysaccharides are generally generated as heterogeneous polymers of varying length, featuring diverse substitution patterns. To obtain well-defined fragments of these polysaccharides, organic synthesis often is the method of choice, as it allows for full control over chain length and the installation of a pre-determined substitution pattern. This review presents several recent syntheses of exopolysaccharide fragments of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus and illustrates how these have been used to study biosynthesis enzymes and generate synthetic glycoconjugate vaccines...
December 21, 2023: Current Opinion in Chemical Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38123600/impact-of-the-gut-microbiome-on-immunological-responses-to-covid-19-vaccination-in-healthy-controls-and-people-living-with-hiv
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shilpa Ray, Aswathy Narayanan, Jan Vesterbacka, Ola Blennow, Puran Chen, Yu Gao, Giorgio Gabarrini, Hans-Gustaf Ljunggren, Marcus Buggert, Lokeshwaran Manoharan, Margaret Sällberg Chen, Soo Aleman, Anders Sönnerborg, Piotr Nowak
Although mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccines are generally safe and effective, in certain immunocompromised individuals they can elicit poor immunogenic responses. Among these individuals, people living with HIV (PLWH) have poor immunogenicity to several oral and parenteral vaccines. As the gut microbiome is known to affect vaccine immunogenicity, we investigated whether baseline gut microbiota predicts immune responses to the BNT162b2 mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in healthy controls and PLWH after two doses of BNT162b2. Individuals with high spike IgG titers and high spike-specific CD4+ T-cell responses against SARS-CoV-2 showed low α-diversity in the gut...
December 20, 2023: NPJ Biofilms and Microbiomes
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38098987/-actinobacillus-pleuropneumoniae-surface-proteins-and-virulence-a-review
#18
REVIEW
María M Soto Perezchica, Alma L Guerrero Barrera, Francisco J Avelar Gonzalez, Teodulo Quezada Tristan, Osvaldo Macias Marin
Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (App) is a globally distributed Gram-negative bacterium that produces porcine pleuropneumonia. This highly contagious disease produces high morbidity and mortality in the swine industry. However, no effective vaccine exists to prevent it. The infection caused by App provokes characteristic lesions, such as edema, inflammation, hemorrhage, and necrosis, that involve different virulence factors. The colonization and invasion of host surfaces involved structures and proteins such as outer membrane vesicles (OMVs), pili, flagella, adhesins, outer membrane proteins (OMPs), also participates proteases, autotransporters, and lipoproteins...
2023: Frontiers in Veterinary Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38061839/bibliometric-analysis-and-thematic-review-of-candida-pathogenesis-fundamental-omics-to-applications-as-potential-antifungal-drugs-and-vaccines
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Si Jie Lim, Noor Dina Muhd Noor, Suriana Sabri, Mohd Shukuri Mohamad Ali, Abu Bakar Salleh, Siti Nurbaya Oslan
Invasive candidiasis caused by the pathogenic Candida yeast species has resulted in elevating global mortality. The pathogenicity of Candida spp. is not only originated from its primary invasive yeast-to-hyphal transition; virulence factors (transcription factors, adhesins, invasins, and enzymes), biofilm, antifungal drug resistance, stress tolerance, and metabolic adaptation have also contributed to a greater clinical burden. However, the current research theme in fungal pathogenicity could hardly be delineated with the increasing research output...
December 7, 2023: Medical Mycology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38044707/serotype-dependent-inhibition-of-streptococcus-pneumoniae-growth-by-short-chain-fatty-acids
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Suwon Lim, Dongwook Lee, Sungho Jeong, Jeong Woo Park, Jintaek Im, Bokeum Choi, Donghyun Gwak, Cheol-Heui Yun, Ho Seong Seo, Seung Hyun Han
Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) is an opportunistic pathogen that can cause severe infectious diseases such as pneumonia, meningitis, and otitis media. Despite the availability of antibiotics and pneumococcal vaccines against some invasive serotypes, pneumococcal infection remains a tremendous clinical challenge due to the increasing frequency of infection by antimicrobial resistant, nonencapsulated, and/or non-vaccine serotype strains. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), which are produced at various mucosal sites in the body, have potent antimicrobial activity, including inhibition of pathogen growth and/or bacterial biofilm formation...
November 20, 2023: Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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