information management

OBJECTIVES: The study aimed to investigate the effect of the circadian timing program (SİZAP) developed for evening-chronotype individuals with obesity on obesity management and sleep quality. METHODS: This single-site, randomized controlled trial with an experimental research design was registered in ClinicalTrials.gov. It was reported in accordance with the "Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials" (CONSORT) randomized controlled trial guidelines. The study sample consisted of 38 evening-chronotype individuals with first-degree obesity, with 19 individuals in each study group...

BACKGROUND: Noninvasive mechanical ventilation (NIV) is recommended as the initial mode of ventilation to treat acute respiratory failure in patients with AECOPD. The Noninvasive Ventilation Outcomes (NIVO) score has been proposed to evaluate the prognosis in patients with AECOPD requiring assisted NIV. However, it is not validated in Chinese patients. METHODS: We used data from the MAGNET AECOPD Registry study, which is a prospective, noninterventional, multicenter, real-world study conducted between September 2017 and July 2021 in China...

Platelet products are both expensive and have very short shelf lives. As usage rates for platelets are highly variable, the effective management of platelet demand and supply is very important yet challenging. The primary goal of this paper is to present an efficient forecasting model for platelet demand at Canadian Blood Services (CBS). To accomplish this goal, five different demand forecasting methods, ARIMA (Auto Regressive Integrated Moving Average), Prophet, lasso regression (least absolute shrinkage and selection operator), random forest, and LSTM (Long Short-Term Memory) networks are utilized and evaluated via a rolling window method...

The issue of traffic congestion poses a significant obstacle to the development of global cities. One promising solution to tackle this problem is intelligent traffic signal control (TSC). Recently, TSC strategies leveraging reinforcement learning (RL) have garnered attention among researchers. However, the evaluation of these models has primarily relied on fixed metrics like reward and queue length. This limited evaluation approach provides only a narrow view of the model's decision-making process, impeding its practical implementation...

The number of individuals with acute kidney injury receiving outpatient dialysis (AKI-D) is increasing. At present, based on limited data, approximately one third of individuals with AKI-D who receive outpatient dialysis after hospital discharge survive and regain sufficient kidney function to discontinue dialysis. Data to inform dialysis management strategies that promote kidney function recovery and processes of care among individuals with AKI-D receiving outpatient dialysis are lacking. In this article, we detail current trends in the incidence, risk factors, clinical outcomes, proposed management, and health policy landscape for individuals with AKI-D receiving outpatient dialysis and identify areas for further research...

BACKGROUND: Patient-accessible electronic health records (PAEHRs) are assumed to enhance the quality of care, expressed in terms of safety, effectiveness, timeliness, person centeredness, efficiency, and equity. However, research on the impact of PAEHRs on the perceived quality of care among parents, children, and adolescents is largely lacking. In the Netherlands, a PAEHR (Iuvenelis) was developed for preventive child health care and youth care. Parents and adolescents had access to its full content, could manage appointments, ask questions, and comment on written reports...

BACKGROUND: The extant literature suggests that women are more vulnerable to COVID-19 infection and at higher risk for developing long COVID. Due to pandemic mitigation recommendations, social media was relied upon for various aspects of daily life, likely with differences of usage between genders. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to explore the role and functions of social media in the lives of long-hauler women. METHODS: Participants were purposively snowball-sampled from an online health promotion intervention for long-hauler women with COVID-19 from March to June 2021...

BACKGROUND: Active participation of cancer patients and their caregivers in decision-making, along with high-quality communication, is crucial in patient-centered cancer management. Although numerous factors affecting patients' communication and decision-making involvement have been identified, it is still unclear which ones are the most prevalent and critical. OBJECTIVE: To identify factors that contribute to high-quality patient-centered communication and decision-making participation from the perspectives of cancer patients, informal caregivers, and/or healthcare professionals...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Adolescents with haematological malignancies within adult services, in the UK from 16 years old, have unique needs and require developmentally targeted services and approaches to care delivery. High-risk intensive treatments are common for this cohort and a better understanding of what individualised supportive and palliative care means in this context is required. RECENT FINDINGS: Being known and understood as an emerging adult, with particular recognition of developmental stage, is an essential component of quality measures and underpins the adolescent, and caregiver, experience when faced with an uncertain or poor cancer prognosis (UPCP)...

Schizophrenia (SZ) has been acknowledged as a highly intricate mental disorder for a long time. In fact, individuals with SZ experience a blurred line between fantasy and reality, leading to a lack of awareness about their condition, which can pose significant challenges during the treatment process. Due to the importance of the issue, timely diagnosis of this illness can not only assist patients and their families in managing the condition but also enable early intervention, which may help prevent its advancement...

PURPOSE: To compare ChatGPT-4 and ChatGPT-3.5's performance on Taiwan urology board examination (TUBE), focusing on answer accuracy, explanation consistency, and uncertainty management tactics to minimize score penalties from incorrect responses across 12 urology domains. METHODS: 450 multiple-choice questions from TUBE(2020-2022) were presented to two models. Three urologists assessed correctness and consistency of each response. Accuracy quantifies correct answers; consistency assesses logic and coherence in explanations out of total responses, alongside a penalty reduction experiment with prompt variations...

BACKGROUND: Lung cancer is a major health burden in Austria; however, limited real-world data exist on the diagnostic and treatment reality of lung cancer patients in Austria. The collection of high-quality data in a clinical setting is needed to gain insights into the real-world diagnostic and therapeutic management of lung cancer patients. METHODS: The Karl Landsteiner Institute for Lung Research and Pulmonary Oncology implemented the Landsteiner lung cancer research platform (LALUCA), recruiting unselected lung cancer patients from two high volume centers in Vienna...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The incorporation of genetic counseling and testing is essential to evaluation and management of thoracic aortic disease in patients under 60 years of age and those with family histories suspicious for heritable thoracic aortic disease and disorders associated with increased risk for acute type-A aortic dissection. RECENT FINDINGS: As many as 20% of individuals with thoracic aortic disease under the age of 60 years have autosomal dominant patterns of inheritance...

California contains a broad geography over which climate conditions can be suitable for cultivating multiple varieties of winegrapes. However, climate change is projected to make winegrape cultivation more challenging across many of California's winegrowing regions. In order to understand the potential effects of climate change on winegrapes, this study models variety-specific phenology for six winegrape varieties and quantifies the change in phenology and viticulturally-important agroclimate metrics over 12 of California's American Viticultural Areas (AVAs) by the mid-21st century...

INTRODUCTION: Retroperitoneum can be the origin of a wide variety of pathologic conditions and potential space for disease spread to other compartments of the abdomen and pelvis. Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are often the initial imaging modalities to evaluate the retroperitoneal pathologies, however given the intrinsic limitations, F18-FDG PET/CT provides additional valuable metabolic information which can change the patient management and clinical outcomes...

Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis is a severe fungal infection primarily affecting immunocompromised patients. Individuals with severe viral infections have recently been identified as vulnerable to developing invasive fungal infections. Both influenza-associated pulmonary aspergillosis (IAPA) and COVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA) are linked to high mortality rates, emphasizing the urgent need for an improved understanding of disease pathogenesis to unveil new molecular targets with diagnostic and therapeutic potential...

This study employs time series forecasting, specifically Seasonal Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average, to predict the radiological impact of uranium mining in Mika, Nigeria. By utilizing meteorological data to model the dispersion of radioactive emissions to receptors, allowing for a comprehensive assessment of potential health and environmental consequences. The study observed a slight change in the Total Effective Dose Equivalent (TEDE) at the nearest residence northeast receptor between the actual and the forecasted data...

BACKGROUND: We wished to examine the role of the district medical officer in five Norwegian municipalities to provide new knowledge of how the experience from the pandemic might have led to changes to the district medical officer's role. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 14 persons who had held key positions in local crisis management teams during and after the pandemic. The informants were recruited from five municipalities within the same county, and they all held leadership roles in health care (district medical officers), local politics or administration...

PURPOSE: The purpose of this guideline is to provide evidence-based guidance to clinicians of all specialties on the evaluation, management, and treatment of idiopathic overactive bladder (OAB). The guideline informs the reader on valid diagnostic processes and provides an approach to selecting treatment options for patients with OAB through the shared decision-making process that will maximize symptom control and quality of life, while minimizing adverse events and burden of disease...

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to identify organisational homeostasis factors in the context of healthcare organisations and to develop a conceptual model for green transformation. DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH: The organisational homeostasis factors were determined by review of literature study and the opinions of healthcare experts. Scheduled interviews and closed-ended questionnaires are employed to collect data for this research. This study employed "TISM methodology" and "MICMAC analysis" to better comprehend how the components interact with one another and prioritise them based on their driving and dependence power...