bacteriological water analysis

BACKGROUND: Swimming pools are places for practicing sports, recreation, relaxation, and socialization. However, swimming pools can expose swimmers to physicochemical and microbiological risks. Accordingly, we studied the environmental health aspects and microbial infections for such recreational water aiming to disclose the possible risks they pose on swimmers. METHODS: 26 pools in Alexandria, Egypt were checked for water quality; 13 pools were checked in winter then summer, and other 13 pools were checked in summer only...

OBJECTIVES: This study was conducted to explore the epidemiology and microbiological pattern of the cholera outbreaks that occurred in Zimbabwe from 2018 to 2019. STUDY SETTING AND DESIGN: This descriptive study used secondary data of 9971 out of 10 730 suspected cases from the Zimbabwean National Diseases Surveillance system and microbiology data of 241 out of 371 patients from the National Microbiology Reference Laboratory in Harare, for the period 5 September 2018 and 3 January 2019...

The identification and development of a new plant-based feed ingredient as an alternative protein source to FM have gained the interest of the aquafeed industrial players. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the physical, biochemical, and bacteriological properties of dietary FWM and the impacts on the growth and reproductive performances of farmed female stinging catfish, H. fossilis broodstock. Five experimental diets were formulated with different FWM inclusion (0, 25, 50, 75, and 100%). Fatty acid profiles such as 4:0, 10:0, 20:0, 21:0, 22:0, 24:0, 20:1n9, 18:3n6, 20:3n6, 20:4n6, and 22:6n3 were found in higher levels in FWM compared to the water spinach meal (WM)...

Grifola frondosa (Dicks.) Gray, named "Maitake" in Japan, is mainly cultivated in China, Japan and Korea as a rare delicacy (Park et al. 2015). G. frondosa is a medicinal and edible mushroom that can enhance the human immunology system. In recent years, the production of G. frondosa has increased in China due to its high economic value and as a source of livelihood for small scale farmers. From August to September 2017, a serious slime mold disease was observed on G. frondosa under greenhouse conditions in Qingyuan County, Lishui city, Zhejiang Province, China...

Dactylogyrus extensus and Pseudomonas fluorescens are serious pathogens in Cyprinus carpio aquaculture causing severe impacts and substantial economic losses. During the early spring of 2021, abnormal mortalities were reported among farmed C. carpio. Moribund fish showed anorexia, respiratory distress, dermal ulcers, and septicemia. The water analysis revealed low dissolved oxygen (3.4 mg/L), and high un-ionized ammonia levels (0.65 mg/L). Seventy moribund C. carpio specimens were collected and subjected to parasitological and bacteriological examinations...

Pecan (Carya illinoinensis) is a world-famous nut tree that is widely cultivated in China, especially in Jiangsu Province (Zhang et al. 2015). In April 2022, cankers on trunks were recorded in pecan (cv. Pawnee) fields located in Taizhou (32°27'58″ N, 120°0'49″ E), Jiangsu. Cankers on the trunks resulted in wilt of the plants. Usually, the color of infected bark on the trunk became darker than the healty bark. When the outer bark was peeled away, the inner tissues were water-soaked, often with reddish streaks...

N-myristoyltransferases (NMTs) catalyze protein myristoylation, a lipid modification crucial for cell survival and a range of pathophysiological processes. Originally thought to modify only N-terminal glycine α-amino groups (G-myristoylation), NMTs were recently shown to also modify lysine ε-amino groups (K-myristoylation). However, the clues ruling NMT-dependent K-myristoylation and the full range of targets are currently unknown. Here we combine mass spectrometry, kinetic studies, in silico analysis, and crystallography to identify the specific features driving each modification...

BACKGROUND: The 3M™ Petrifilm™ Rapid Yeast and Mold Count (RYM) Plate contains nutrients supplemented with antibiotics, a cold-water-soluble gelling agent, and an indicator system that facilitates yeast and mold enumeration in 48-60 h. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to evaluate the 3M Petrifilm RYM Plate in a matrix extension study for the enumeration of yeast and mold on stainless steel, sealed concrete, and rubber surfaces. METHODS: The 3M Petrifilm RYM Plate was compared to the U...

Infection with Shigella , the organism responsible for the diarrheal disease shigellosis, leads to approximately 200,000 deaths globally annually. Virulence of this pathogen is primarily controlled by the DNA-binding transcriptional activator VirF. This AraC family protein activates transcription of two major virulence genes, virB and icsA , which lead to the pathogen's ability to invade and spread within colonic epithelial cells. While several AraC proteins have been studied, few studies of VirF's binding to its DNA promoters have been reported, and VirF's three-dimensional structure remains unsolved...

Drinking water quality describes the conditions for water to be accepted as suitable for human consumption. The water quality index is characterized by including, in the assessment process, water quality parameters such as physical, chemical and micro-biological. The availability of adequate management strategies to maintain good quality water has always been a challenge for water utilities. To proffer a solution to ths problem, a simple and effective tool that can be used to easily assess the quality of water is required...

In Uganda, tap water is always ensured to be potable. However, people are not sure whether tap water is generally safe for drinking without being boiled. Conversely, bottled water consumption is on the increase in Uganda. The main problem lies in the cost of energy for boiling tap water or purchasing bottled water. This study analyzed results of laboratory tests and consumers' perception for comparison of tap and bottled water in Nakawa division, Kampala. Tap water was sampled at four representative locations...

Background and Aim: Milk consumption plays a great role in the nutrition of consumers and the income of producers as well as vendors, but their bacteriological quality causes loss of those benefits. Hence, the aim of this study was to determine the bacteriological quality, associated factors and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern among raw milk of producers and vendors in Gomole district, Borena zone, South Ethiopia, from March 1 to April 30, 2019. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 130 purposively selected study participants...

Many water quality metrics cannot be measured in situ and require collection of a physical sample for laboratory analysis. This includes microbiological samples for detection of fecal coliform bacteria in marine and freshwater systems which are a critical component of food safety programs for human consumption of bivalve shellfish worldwide. Water sample collection programs are typically vessel-based which can be time and resource intensive. In Canada, the Canadian Shellfish Sanitation Program aims to avoid consumption of contaminated molluscan bivalves by monitoring fecal coliform bacteria through vessel-based water sample collection...

The use of biochar in constructed wetlands for domestic wastewater treatment is gradually being acclaimed by environmentalists due to its high specific surface area and porosity. In this study, the effectiveness of corn cob biochar (CCB) and rice husk biochar (RHB) in vertical flow constructed wetlands vegetated with Echinochloa pyramidalis was studied with sand as common reference material. The filters were fed with primarily treated domestic wastewater at a hydraulic loading rate of about 350 L/m2 /day for 6 months...

BACKGROUND: Pleural infection is a common and severe disease with high morbidity and mortality worldwide. The knowledge of pleural infection bacteriology remains incomplete, as pathogen detection methods based on culture have insufficient sensitivity and are biased to selected microbes. We designed a study with the aim to discover and investigate the total microbiome of pleural infection and assess the correlation between bacterial patterns and 1-year survival of patients. METHODS: We assessed 243 pleural fluid samples from the PILOT study, a prospective observational study on pleural infection, with 16S rRNA next generation sequencing...

INTRODUCTION: Burns are common injuries on the battlefield. Given austere environments, surgical debridement of injured service members is often not feasible in these settings. Delays in surgical debridement create a risk of infection and deranged healing for burn patients. As such, this study attempts to identify the best commercially available off-the-shelf (OTS) therapies with field-deployable potential to improve prolonged field care (PFC) of burn-injured soldiers. METHODS: Deep partial-thickness (DPT) burns (25 cm2) were created on the dorsum of 5 anesthetized pigs utilizing a thermocouple burn device at 100°C for 15 seconds...

Background and Aim: Environmental contaminants such as pesticides have shown immunomodulatory effects that can make animals highly susceptible to pathogenic invasion. The current work aims to study the incidence of udder infections in a single dairy herd of 160 cows in Qalyoubia Governorate, in relation to the potential intoxication of dairy cattle with organochlorine (OCs) pesticides. The study also aims to investigate the impact of udder infections on milk composition. Materials and Methods: The dairy herd was screened for udder infections using the California mastitis test and measurement of somatic cell count (SCC), followed by bacteriological and molecular analysis...

BACKGROUND: The epidemiology of trachoma in several Pacific Islands differs from other endemic settings, in that there is a high prevalence of clinical signs of trachoma, particularly trachomatous inflammation-follicular (TF), but few cases of trichiasis and limited evidence of ocular chlamydial infection. This so-called "Pacific enigma" has led to uncertainty regarding the appropriate public health response. In 2019 alongside Nauru's national trachoma population survey, we performed bacteriological and serological assessments of children to better understand the typology of trachoma and to determine whether there is a need for trachoma interventions...

Bacillus cereus is relatively resistant to pasteurization. We assessed the risk of B. cereus growth during warming and subsequent storage of pasteurized banked milk (PBM) in the warmed state using a predictive mathematical model. Holder pasteurization followed by storage below -18 °C was used. Temperature maps, water activity values, and B. cereus growth in artificially inoculated PBM were obtained during a simulation of manipulation of PBM after its release from a Human Milk Bank. As a real risk level, we chose a B...

AIMS: To investigate hand-dug well water used for drinking and domestic purposes in a rural community in Southwest Nigeria for water safety and fungal presence as well as to determine the antifungal resistance and aflatoxigenic potentials of isolated fungi. METHODS AND RESULTS: Water samples were analysed for risk of contamination, bacteriological and mycological parameters using a standard sanitary survey checklist and microbiological culturing. Isolates were identified and subjected to antifungal resistance profiling using the diffusion method for susceptibility testing of filamentous fungi...