Modern manual therapy

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: As one of the main treatment modalities, radiotherapy (RT) (also known as radiation therapy) plays an increasingly important role in the treatment of cancer. RT could benefit greatly from the accurate localization of the gross tumor volume and circumambient organs at risk (OARs). Modern linear accelerators (LINACs) are typically equipped with either gantry-mounted or room-mounted X-ray imaging systems, which provide possibilities for marker-less tracking with two-dimensional (2D) kV X-ray images...

Osteoarthritis (OA), the most common joint disease, lowers quality of life, restricts social activity participation, and results in incapacity. Osteoarthritis is characterised by changes in subchondral bone, meniscus degeneration, cartilage loss, and synovial inflammation. Physiotherapy plays a vital role in maintaining the stability of this disease. Various treatment approaches have been shown in numerous studies to be successful in improving the condition of individuals with osteoarthritis in the knee. We are presenting a case of a 47-year-old woman who had bilateral osteoarthritis in her knees...

BACKGROUND: Interventional clinical studies conducted in the regulated drug research environment are designed using International Council for Harmonisation (ICH) regulatory guidance documents: ICH E6 (R2) Good Clinical Practice-scientific guideline, first published in 2002 and last updated in 2016. This document provides an international ethical and scientific quality standard for designing and conducting trials that involve the participation of human subjects. Recently, there has been heightened awareness of the importance of integrated research platform trials (IRPs) designed to evaluate multiple therapies simultaneously...

Currently, orthopaedic manual physical therapy (OMPT) lacks a description of practice that reflects contemporary thinking and embraces advances across the scientific, clinical, and educational arms of the profession. The absence of a clear definition of OMPT reduces understanding of the approach across health care professions and potentially limits OMPT from inclusion in scientific reviews and clinical practice guidelines. For example, it is often incorrectly classified as passive care or incorrectly contrasted with exercise-therapy approaches...

Mass spectrometry (MS) is a powerful analytical technique that plays a central role in modern protein analysis and the study of proteostasis. In the field of advanced molecular technologies, MS-based proteomics has become a cornerstone that is making a significant impact in the post-genomic era and as precision medicine moves from the research laboratory to clinical practice. The global dissemination of COVID-19 has spurred collective efforts to develop effective diagnostics, vaccines, and therapeutic interventions...

BACKGROUND: Secondary achalasia or pseudoachalasia is a clinical presentation undistinguishable from achalasia in terms of symptoms, manometric, and radiographic findings, but associated with different and identifiable underlying causes. METHODS: A literature review was conducted on the PubMed database restricting results to the English language. Key terms used were "achalasia-like" with 63 results, "secondary achalasia" with 69 results, and "pseudoachalasia" with 141 results...

BACKGROUND: As chromatographic techniques have advanced, many articles that analyze the constituting compounds of medicinal materials have been published in relation to Northeast Asian traditional medicine, including traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). TM-MC was launched in 2015, providing information about the chemical compounds in medicinal materials from chromatographic articles in PubMed. Since 2015, through continuous curation efforts, we have now released TM-MC 2.0 with significant improvements to the quantity and quality of the data ( https://tm-mc...

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study is to explore and illustrate the focal points concerning acupuncture's impact on microcirculation and hemorheology over the past 26 years, and to identify future directions in this field. METHODS: Data in this area were gathered from the Web of Science Core Collection database. Employing CiteSpace, VOSviewer, Scimago Graphica, and Microsoft Excel software, we analyzed authors, institutions, and countries to evaluate scientific collaboration...

BACKGROUND: Until June 2022, more than 540.9 million people had been diagnosed with COVID-19, and the pandemic had claimed more than six million lives worldwide. Two years after fighting the virus, we faced a more uncertain position. SARS-CoV-2 is constantly mutating and reappears regularly, particularly with Omicron variants showing high genetic variation and immune escape mechanisms. The efficacy and duration of protection of existing vaccines against new variants of SARS-CoV-2 remains uncertain...

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Background The unprecedented situation due to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) lockdown necessitated the need for teleconsultations with caregivers of children with disabilities. The objective of this study was to explore the acceptability, satisfaction, perceived relevance, and barriers to teleconsultation from a caregiver's perspective. Methodology This was a descriptive qualitative study (telephonic interviews) involving in-depth interviews (IDIs) with the caregivers of children with developmental disabilities who received teleconsultations...

The ability to assess various cellular events consequent to perturbations, such as genetic mutations, disease states and therapies, has been recently revolutionized by technological advances in multiple "omics" fields. The resulting deluge of information has enabled and necessitated the development of tools required to both process and interpret the data. While of tremendous value to basic researchers, the amount and complexity of the data has made it extremely difficult to manually draw inference and identify factors key to the study objectives...

Dysfunctions of the lumbosacral area and related pain syndromes, such as chronic low back pain (CLBP), are among the most common musculoskeletal problems in modern society. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of isolated myofascial release techniques (MFR) in the treatment of CLBP in adults. PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane Library databases were searched for studies published from 1 January 2013 to 1 March 2023. We included English-language randomized controlled trials evaluating the effect of isolated MFR performed by a specialist on adults with CLBP...

PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S): Conventional intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) with a typical 5-20 fixed beams often does not provide sufficient angular sampling required for conformal dose shaping, whereas current volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) discretizes the angular space into equally spaced control points without considering the differential need for intensity modulation of different angles, leading to undersampling at some angles while oversampling at some other angles...

PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S): Outcomes following stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) for gastrointestinal (GI) brain metastases (BM) are poorly defined. We analyzed our multi-institutional database of SRS patients, comparing outcomes between GI and non-GI BM patients after SRS. MATERIALS/METHODS: We retrospectively identified all patients completing an initial SRS course across two institutions from 1/2015-12/2020. Demographic and clinical parameters were manually captured...

PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S): To assess the association of cardiac dose with post-cCRT cardiac events and survival among patients (pts) with LA-NSCLC after adoption of ICI consolidation, modern radiotherapy (RT) techniques, and data-driven cardiac constraints. MATERIALS/METHODS: This single-institution, multi-site retrospective study included 335 pts with LA-NSCLC treated with definitive cCRT (60-70 Gy) from October 2017 to December 2021. Pts were evaluated for ICI consolidation...

Modern external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) techniques rely on the accurate positioning of the patient using the treatment couch. These motorized couches have weight limits that have decreased over time and are not able to support severely obese patients requiring EBRT. We aimed to develop a technique to support obese patients who are above their weight tolerance while accurately delivering radiation treatment to a brain tumor. This technique was used on a patient receiving adjuvant radiation for gliosarcoma, a variant of glioblastoma...

PURPOSE: This review article is intended to provide a perspective overview of potential strategies to overcome radiation resistance of tumors through the combined use of immune checkpoint and DNA repair inhibitors. METHODS: A literature search was conducted in PubMed using the terms ("DNA repair* and DNA damage response* and intracellular immune response* and immune checkpoint inhibition* and radio*") until January 31, 2023. Articles were manually selected based on their relevance to the topics analyzed...

UNLABELLED: The Academy of Orthopedic Physical Therapy (AOPT) Pain Education Manual (PEM) supports the advancement of modern pain content, and the National Institutes of Health Federal Pain Research Strategy (FPRS) has called for new models for pain management. This Perspective proposes the Pain Recovery and Integrative Systems Model (PRISM) as a new model that addresses the multidimensional nature of pain. PRISM is a salutogenic, integrative, process-based cognitive-behavioral model designed for physical therapist education and practice...

BACKGROUND: Recent literature challenges the process by which orthopaedic manual therapy (OMT) has traditionally been applied. Progressive understanding of the complexities surrounding OMT analgesia and the decreased reliance on technique specific characteristics in determining treatment effectiveness promotes an update to training paradigms related to OMT. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this Delphi study was to establish consensus on what trainees should be focusing on when demonstrating OMT techniques and how candidates for OMT should be identified...