keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38493243/generative-deep-learning-for-the-development-of-a-type-1-diabetes-simulator
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Omer Mujahid, Ivan Contreras, Aleix Beneyto, Josep Vehi
BACKGROUND: Type 1 diabetes (T1D) simulators, crucial for advancing diabetes treatments, often fall short of capturing the entire complexity of the glucose-insulin system due to the imprecise approximation of the physiological models. This study introduces a simulation approach employing a conditional deep generative model. The aim is to overcome the limitations of existing T1D simulators by synthesizing virtual patients that more accurately represent the entire glucose-insulin system physiology...
March 16, 2024: Commun Med (Lond)
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38492325/role-of-angiotensin-ii-in-non-alcoholic-steatosis-development
#2
REVIEW
Zimri Aziel Alvarado-Ojeda, Celeste Trejo-Moreno, Eduardo Ferat-Osorio, Marisol Méndez-Martínez, Gladis Fragoso, Gabriela Rosas-Salgado
Fatty liver is a multifactorial disease characterized by excessive accumulation of lipids in hepatocytes (steatosis), insulin resistance, oxidative stress, and inflammation. This disease has a major public health impact because it is the first stage of a chronic and degenerative process in the liver that can lead to steatohepatitis, cirrhosis, and liver cancer. Although this disease is mainly diagnosed in patients with obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and dyslipidemia, recent evidence indicates that vasoactive hormones such as angiotensin II (ANGII) not only promote endothelial dysfunction (ED) and hypertension, but also cause fatty liver, increase adipose tissue, and develop a pro-steatotic environment characterized by a low-grade systemic pro-inflammatory and pro-oxidant state, with elevated blood lipid levels...
March 15, 2024: Archives of Medical Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38491972/platycodin-d-ameliorates-cognitive-impairment-in-type-2-diabetes-mellitus-mice-via-regulating-pi3k-akt-gsk3%C3%AE-signaling-pathway
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ya-Wei Lu, Li-Ya Xie, Meng-Han Qi, Shen Ren, Yue-Qi Wang, Jun-Nan Hu, Zi Wang, Shan Tang, Jing-Tian Zhang, Wei Li
Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the ameliorative effect of platycodin D (PD) on cognitive dysfunction in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its potential molecular mechanisms of action in vivo and in vitro. Materials and methods: An animal model of cognitive impairment in T2DM was established using a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (100 mg/kg) after 8 weeks of feeding a high-fat diet to C57BL/6 mice. In vitro, immunofluorescence staining and Western blot were employed to analyze the effects of PD on glucose-induced neurotoxicity in mouse hippocampal neuronal cells (HT22)...
March 16, 2024: Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38491968/impact-of-insulin-induced-relative-hypoglycemia-on-vascular-insulin-sensitivity-and-central-hemodynamics-in-prediabetes
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Daniel J Battillo, Mary-Margaret E Remchak, Ankit M Shah, Steven K Malin
CONTEXT: Relative hypoglycemia (RH) is linked to sympathetic responses that can alter vascular function in individuals with type 2 diabetes. However, less is known about the role of RH on hemodynamics or metabolic insulin sensitivity in prediabetes. OBJECTIVE: Determine if RH alters peripheral endothelial function or central hemodynamics to a greater extent in those with prediabetes (PD) versus normoglycemia (NG). METHODS: Seventy adults with obesity were classified using ADA criteria as PD (n=34 (28F); HbA1c=6...
March 16, 2024: Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38491800/combining-an-electrochemical-continuous-glucose-sensor-with-an-insulin-delivery-cannula-a-feasibility-study
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Cheng Yi Yuan, Bella Halim, Yee W Kong, Jean Lu, Ralph Dutt-Ballerstadt, Peter Eckenberg, Ken Hillen, Anh Koski, Vlad Milenkowic, Emma Netzer, Varuni Obeyesekere, Solomon Reid, Catriona Sims, Sara Vogrin, Huan-Ping Wu, Thomas Seidl, David N O'Neal
BACKGROUND: Combining a continuous glucose monitor with an insulin delivery cannula (CGM-IS) could benefit clinical outcomes. We evaluated the feasibility of a single-needle insertion electrochemical investigational CGM-IS (Pacific Diabetes Technologies, Portland, Oregon) in type 1 diabetes adults. METHODS: Following 48 hours run-in using a Medtronic 780G in manual mode with a commercial insulin set, 12 participants commenced insulin delivery using the CGM-IS. A standardized test meal was eaten on the mornings of days 1 and 4...
March 16, 2024: Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38491257/characterization-of-risk-factors-for-modeling-of-type-2-diabetes-mellitus-induced-by-a-high-fat-diet-in-c57bl-6-mice
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
N A Borozdina, E R Shaikhutdinova, G A Slashcheva, N A Goryacheva, A V Zamyatina, E S Sadovnikova, I A Pakhomova, V M Pavlov, N A Perepechenova, M S Severyukhina, A Yu Fedotova, D V Popkova, I N Gladkikh, E V Leichenko, I A Dyachenko
Type 2 diabetes mellitus develops due to a combination of genetic and environmental factors. C57BL/6 mice prone to obesity and leptin resistance were kept on a high-fat diet for 21 weeks. The animals showed a significant increase in fasting and postprandial glucose levels and body weight, the development of insulin resistance, and by week 18, an increase in the serum TNFα level. Metformin therapy at a dose of 250 mg/kg was effective against the background of disturbances in carbohydrate metabolism: animals showed a significant decrease in insulin resistance and TNFα level...
March 15, 2024: Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38491190/identification-of-circulating-apolipoprotein-m-as-a-new-determinant-of-insulin-sensitivity-and-relationship-with-adiponectin
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Laurie Frances, Mikaël Croyal, Jean-Bernard Ruidavets, Marie Maraninchi, Guillaume Combes, Jérémy Raffin, Philippe de Souto Barreto, Jean Ferrières, Ellen E Blaak, Bertrand Perret, Cédric Moro, René Valéro, Laurent O Martinez, Nathalie Viguerie
BACKGROUND: The adiponectin is one of the rare adipokines down-regulated with obesity and protects against obesity-related disorders. Similarly, the apolipoprotein M (apoM) is expressed in adipocytes and its expression in adipose tissue is associated with metabolic health. We compared circulating apoM with adiponectin regarding their relationship with metabolic parameters and insulin sensitivity and examined their gene expression patterns in adipocytes and in the adipose tissue. METHODS: Circulating apoM and adiponectin were examined in 169 men with overweight in a cross-sectional study, and 13 patients with obesity during a surgery-induced slimming program...
March 15, 2024: International Journal of Obesity
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38490494/the-role-of-sex-on-the-prevalence-of-cardiovascular-risk-factors-in-children-and-adolescents-with-type-1-diabetes-the-sweet-international-database
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Marco Marigliano, Stefanie Lanzinger, Imane Zineb, Consuelo Barcala, Amy S Shah, Jannet Svensson, Kaloyan Tsochev, Artur Mazur, Assimina Galli-Tsinopoulou, Sorin Ioacara, Kesavadev Jothydev, Claudio Maffeis
OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs) in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D) in the International SWEET registry and the possible role of clinical variables in modifying the risk of having single or multiple CVRFs. STUDY DESIGN: The study is a cross-sectional study. Cut-off points for CVRFs were fixed according to International Society for Pediatric and Adolescent Diabetes (ISPAD) guidelines and WHO parameters: LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) > 100 mg/dL; Systolic Blood Pressure (BP-SDS) > 90th percentile for sex, age, and height; BMI-SDS > 2SD for sex and age...
March 13, 2024: Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38490439/extracellular-metallothionein-as-a-therapeutic-target-in-the-early-progression-of-type-1-diabetes
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Clare K Melchiorre, Matthew D Lynes, Sadikshya Bhandari, Sheng-Chiang Su, Christian M Potts, Amy V Thees, Carol E Norris, Lucy Liaw, Yu-Hua Tseng, Michael A Lynes
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is characterized by lymphocyte infiltration into the pancreatic islets of Langerhans, leading to the destruction of insulin-producing beta cells and uncontrolled hyperglycemia. In the non-obese diabetic (NOD) murine model of T1D, onset of this infiltration starts several weeks before glucose dysregulation and overt diabetes. Recruitment of immune cells to the islets is mediated by several chemotactic cytokines, including CXCL10, while other cytokines, including SDF-1α, can confer protective effects...
March 13, 2024: Cell Stress & Chaperones
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38490239/abrus-precatorius-leaf-extract-stimulates-insulin-mediated-muscle-glucose-uptake-in-vitro-studies-and-phytochemical-analysis
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chintha Lankatillake, Tien Huynh, Daniel A Dias
Diabetes mellitus, linked with insulin resistance and hyperglycaemia, is a leading cause of mortality. Glucose uptake through glucose transporter type 4, especially in skeletal muscle, is crucial for maintaining euglycaemia and is a key pathway targeted by antidiabetic medication. Abrus precatorius is a medicinal plant with demonstrated antihyperglycaemic activity in animal models, but its mechanisms are unclear.This study evaluated the effect of a 50% ethanolic ( v/v ) A. precatorius leaf extract on (1) insulin-stimulated glucose uptake and (2) related gene expression in differentiated C2C12 myotubes using rosiglitazone as a positive control, and (3) generated a comprehensive phytochemical profile of A...
March 15, 2024: Planta Medica
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38490209/impaired-skeletal-muscle-regeneration-in-diabetes-from-cellular-and-molecular-mechanisms-to-novel-treatments
#11
REVIEW
Ever Espino-Gonzalez, Emilie Dalbram, Rémi Mounier, Julien Gondin, Jean Farup, Niels Jessen, Jonas T Treebak
Diabetes represents a major public health concern with a considerable impact on human life and healthcare expenditures. It is now well established that diabetes is characterized by a severe skeletal muscle pathology that limits functional capacity and quality of life. Increasing evidence indicates that diabetes is also one of the most prevalent disorders characterized by impaired skeletal muscle regeneration, yet underlying mechanisms and therapeutic treatments remain poorly established. In this review, we describe the cellular and molecular alterations currently known to occur during skeletal muscle regeneration in people with diabetes and animal models of diabetes, including its associated comorbidities, e...
March 7, 2024: Cell Metabolism
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38489692/geriatric-nutritional-risk-index-is-correlated-with-islet-function-but-not-insulin-resistance-in-elderly-patients-with-type-2-diabetes-a-retrospective-study
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nan Geng, Yaxue Gao, Yuanyuan Ji, Yingchun Niu, Cuijuan Qi, Yunfeng Zhen, Jinhu Chen, Luping Ren
The geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI) is a simple nutritional assessment tool that can predict poor prognosis in elderly subjects. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between GNRI and both islet function and insulin sensitivity in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. This research carries significant implications for the integrated treatment and nutritional management of this patient population. A total of 173 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, aged 60 years or older, who were hospitalized in the Endocrinology Department at Hebei General Hospital from February 2018 to June 2021, were selected as the research subjects...
March 15, 2024: Medicine (Baltimore)
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38489032/comparing-continuous-glucose-monitoring-and-blood-glucose-monitoring-in-adults-with-inadequately-controlled-insulin-treated-type-2-diabetes-steno2tech-study-a-12-month-single-center-randomized-controlled-trial
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nanna Lind, Merete B Christensen, Dorte L Hansen, Kirsten Nørgaard
OBJECTIVE: To compare the 12-month effects of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) versus blood glucose monitoring (BGM) in adults with insulin-treated type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: This is a single-center, parallel, open-label, randomized controlled trial including adults with inadequately controlled, insulin-treated type 2 diabetes from the outpatient clinic at Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Denmark. Inclusion criteria were ≥18 years of age, insulin-treated type 2 diabetes, and HbA1c ≥ 7...
March 15, 2024: Diabetes Care
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38488044/moderate-intensity-combined-training-induces-lipidomic-changes-in-individuals-with-obesity-and-type-2-diabetes
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Renata Garbellini Duft, Ivan Luiz Padilha Bonfante, Susana Alejandra Palma-Duran, Mara Patrícia Traina Chacon-Mikahil, Julian Leether Griffin, Cláudia Regina Cavaglieri
CONTEXT: Alterations in the lipid metabolism are linked to metabolic disorders such as insulin resistance (IR), obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Regular exercise, particularly combined training (CT), is a well-known non-pharmacological treatment that combines aerobic (AT) and resistance (RT) training benefits. However, it is unclear whether moderate-intensity exercise without dietary intervention induces changes in lipid metabolism to promote a 'healthy lipidome'. OBJECTIVE: The study aimed to investigate the effect of 16 weeks of CT on plasma and white adipose tissue in both sexes, middle-aged subjects with normal weight, obesity and T2D using an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS) untargeted lipidomics approach...
March 15, 2024: Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38488037/reversibility-of-hyperglycemic-states-in-children-with-obesity-diagnostic-pitfalls-in-the-assessment-of-glucose-metabolism-in-children-and-adolescents-with-obesity
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anna Iwańska, Małgorzata Wójcik, Ewa Szczudlik, Anna Stępniewska, Jerzy B Starzyk
OBJECTIVE: Disorders of glucose metabolism in children with obesity are less common than in adults. There is also evidence that they may be transient. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of impaired fasting glucose (IFG), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) and its reversibility in pediatric patients with obesity and to define the factors determining the reversibility of prediabetes or progression to diabetes. METHODS: Retrospective analysis included 573 patients with obesity (mean BMI Z-score 4...
March 15, 2024: Journal of Clinical Research in Pediatric Endocrinology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38487852/early-change-of-retinal-nerve-fiber-layer-in-children-with-type-1-diabetes-mellitus-in-northern-china
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dejing Wu, Rongxiu Zheng, Xuan Kan, Liping Hao, Ying Wei, Jie Cao
OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to identify discrepancies in the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) between type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) children without retinopathy and healthy subjects in northern China. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional hospital-based study carried out from Jan 2019 until Jul 2021 at the department of pediatrics in Tianjin medical university general hospital. Children with T1DM but no retinal disease were screened. RNFL thickness was obtained via spectral domain optical coherence tomography...
March 18, 2024: Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology & Metabolism: JPEM
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38487831/the-13c-glucose-breath-test-accurately-identifies-insulin-resistance-in-people-with-type-1-diabetes
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jonathan Mertens, Laurence Roosens, Rie Braspenning, Joeri Vandebeeck, Sven Francque, Christophe De Block
OBJECTIVE: This study investigated whether the delta-over-baseline of exhaled 13CO2 (Δ13CO2), generated from a 13C glucose breath test (13C-GBT), measured insulin resistance (IR) in people with type 1 diabetes, using the hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp (HEC) as reference method. Secondary objective was to compare the 13C-GBT with the estimated glucose disposal rate (eGDR). METHODS: A 40 mU/m2/min HEC and two separate 13C-GBTs (euglycemic with insulin bolus and hyperglycemic without bolus) were consecutively performed in 44 adults with type 1 diabetes with varying body compositions...
March 15, 2024: Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38487629/expert-consensus-on-nutrition-and-lower-carbohydrate-diets-an-evidence-and-equity-based-approach-to-dietary-guidance
#18
REVIEW
Jeff S Volek, William S Yancy, Barbara A Gower, Stephen D Phinney, Joanne Slavin, Andrew P Koutnik, Michelle Hurn, Jovonni Spinner, Mark Cucuzzella, Frederick M Hecht
There is a substantial body of clinical evidence supporting the beneficial effects of lower-carbohydrate dietary patterns on multiple established risk factors associated with insulin resistance and cardiovascular diseases in adult populations. Nutrition and health researchers, clinical practitioners, and stakeholders gathered for, "The Scientific Forum on Nutrition, Wellness, and Lower-Carbohydrate Diets: An Evidence- and Equity-Based Approach to Dietary Guidance" to discuss the evidence base around lower-carbohydrate diets, health outcomes, and dietary guidance...
2024: Frontiers in Nutrition
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38487540/the-ifih1-a946t-risk-variant-promotes-diabetes-in-a-sex-dependent-manner
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Amanda J Stock, Pierina Gonzalez Paredes, Luciana Previato de Almeida, Stanley D Kosanke, Srinivaas Chetlur, Hannah Budde, Paul Wakenight, Theresa A Zwingman, Aaron B I Rosen, Eric J Allenspach, Kathleen J Millen, Jane H Buckner, David J Rawlings, Jacquelyn A Gorman
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease in which pancreatic islet β-cells are attacked by the immune system, resulting in insulin deficiency and hyperglycemia. One of the top non-synonymous single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) associated with T1D is in the interferon-induced helicase C domain-containing protein 1 ( IFIH1 ), which encodes an anti-viral cytosolic RNA sensor. This SNP results in an alanine to threonine substitution at amino acid 946 ( IFIH1A946T ) and confers an increased risk for several autoimmune diseases, including T1D...
2024: Frontiers in Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38487160/effectiveness-of-insulin-pump-therapy-versus-multiple-daily-injections-for-glycemic-control-and-rate-of-diabetic-ketoacidosis-among-children-with-type-1-diabetes-mellitus
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nusaybah Alnaim, Hussain A Al Ghadeer, Abdulhameed A Al-Bunyan, Abdulmohsen Almulhem, Yassin Alsaleh, Manal AlHelal, Ishaq Almugaizel, Zahra Alhashim, Ahmed M Alhamrani, Zinab A Al Bosrour
Background Advances in pump technology and the availability of insulin analogs, as well as the results of the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT), which established the benefit of improved glycemic control, have all contributed to the increased use of insulin pump therapy in recent years, particularly in children. Purpose This research aims to compare the impact of insulin delivery method, i.e., continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) or multiple daily injections (MDI) on glycemic control and the rate of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) among children with type 1 diabetes mellitus in Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia...
February 2024: Curēus
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