(multiple sclerosis) AND (gene*) AND review AND (Iran OR middle east)

BACKGROUND: There is evidence of an increased prevalence and disease burden of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) in parts of the world where the risk was once considered low, such as Latin America (LA), Sub-Saharan Africa, Asia and the Middle East-North Africa (MENA). Despite the growing number of clinical reports, the phenotype and course of MS in these regions remains understudied compared with Europe and North America. We aimed to investigate MS phenotypes and long-term clinical outcomes across these regions...

BACKGROUND: Despite of a few decades of investigations, the association and role of cytomegalovirus (CMV) and multiple sclerosis (MS) remain inconclusive. Herein, we performed a meta-analysis to investigate the association between CMV IgG serostatus and MS. METHODS: A literature search was conducted on MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases. Eligibility criteria included observational studies assessing the seroprevalence of CMV immunoglobulin G (IgG) in adults with MS and non-MS control...

BACKGROUND: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a debilitating immune disease leading to demyelination, neurodegeneration, and chronic inflammation of the central nervous system. Pediatric MS is a rare form of the disease and effects approximately 2-10% of individuals with MS. Diagnostic criteria and therapies are continuously evolving, thus it is imperative to further understand the epidemiology and subsequently global and regional disease burden of pediatric MS. Our objective was to conduct a systematic literature review and meta-analysis to assess the incidence and prevalence of pediatric MS globally...

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic keeps the world in suspense. In addition to the fundamental challenges for the health care system, the individual departments must decide how to deal with patients at risk. Neurologists are confronted with the question, how they should advise their patients regarding immunosuppressive treatment. In particular, the large number of different disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) in the treatment of neuroimmunological diseases such as multiple sclerosis poses a challenge...

Recent reports have demonstrated that the prevalence of multiple sclerosis (MS) is increasing in the Middle East and North Africa region. There is also emerging evidence regarding the genetic components of MS risk. This review provides an overview of the role of genetic factors in MS susceptibility by examining human leukocyte antigen loci in patients within the Middle East and North Africa region. Most of the genetic studies conducted in the Middle East and North Africa region have been based on case-control designs, which cannot confirm direct causality of genetic variants on MS susceptibility...

The susceptibility of various populations to multiple sclerosis (MS) and the clinical patterns of the disease are thought to be different. Nineteen articles related to incidence, prevalence and clinical patterns of MS in Arab populations were identified by keyword searching of Medline and Embase, and review of references in all relevant papers. Data were only available for the Kuwaiti, Jordanian, Libyan, Saudi, Iraqi, Palestinian (including Arabs living in Israel), and Omani populations. The publications ranged from 1975 to 2007...

This paper reviews all available English language literature on MS from Asian countries published between 1970 and 2005. Although limited data are available, the review reveals that western Asia--including the Middle East--has the highest prevalence of MS across the continent, and that MS in Asia largely resembles conventional MS in western countries. Opticospinal MS (a distinct clinical entity from conventional MS) is more common in eastern Asian regions. Larger epidemiological and genetic studies, with more complete ascertainment in various Asian populations, are needed so that we can understand the diversity of Asian MS...

BACKGROUND: Northern Ireland has a high and rising prevalence rate of multiple sclerosis (MS). The most recent survey in 1996 found a rate of 168.7/100 000. Recorded prevalence rates for the south of Ireland, including County Wexford, have been markedly lower and seemed to suggest the existence of a prevalence gradient within the island. OBJECTIVES: To compare the prevalence of multiple sclerosis in Co. Wexford in the south east of Ireland and Co. Donegal in the north west, and to establish whether a variation in prevalence of MS exists within Ireland...