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Keywords Causes of sudden onset hyperte...

Causes of sudden onset hypertension

https://read.qxmd.com/read/37228924/nontraumatic-spontaneous-bilateral-intracerebral-haemorrhage-in-a-young-patient-a-rare-case-report
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Pramodman Singh Yadav, Sagar Panthi, Aakash Neupane, Manish Uprety, Rochana Acharya, Leeza Shah, Ajmat Ansari, Ujjwal Basnet, Raksha Bhattarai, Bhawani Khanal
UNLABELLED: Spontaneous bilateral intracerebral haemorrhage is a rare surgical occurrence, especially in young populations with poor prognosis. Hypertension is the leading cause but vascular malformations, infections and rare genetic conditions are also responsible. CASE PRESENTATION: Twenty-three-year-old male with no prior comorbidities presented to emergency with sudden onset loss of consciousness and 1 episode of seizure. No history of intoxication or trauma was given...
May 2023: Annals of Medicine and Surgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37123758/retroperitoneal-hemorrhage-due-to-spontaneous-renal-rupture-as-the-first-presentation-of-antiphospholipid-syndrome-a-case-report
#22
Charalampos Mavridis, Eleni Lagoudaki, Georgios Georgiadis, Athanasios Bouchalakis, Charalampos Mamoulakis
Spontaneous renal rupture (SRR) with retroperitoneal hemorrhage is an extremely rare medical emergency and is rather challenging for the surgical team. Management of SRR often requires surgical intervention and nephrectomy as it is life-threatening. Antiphospholipid syndrome (APLS) is an autoimmune disease that affects several organs, including kidneys, causing significant abnormalities. Current data suggest that APLS can result in renal artery stenosis, renal vein thrombosis, arterial hypertension, thrombotic microangiopathy, and antiphospholipid syndrome nephropathy where there is renal involvement...
March 2023: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37080586/biallelic-npr1-loss-of-function-variants-are-responsible-for-neonatal-systemic-hypertension
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yline Capri, Theresa Kwon, Olivia Boyer, Lucas Bourmance, Noe Testa, Véronique Baudouin, Ronan Bonnefoy, Anne Couderc, Chakib Meziane, Elisabeth Tournier-Lasserve, Laurence Heidet, Judith Melki
BACKGROUND: Early-onset isolated systemic hypertension is a rare condition of unknown genetic origin. Renovascular, renal parenchymal diseases or aortic coarctation are the most common causes of secondary systemic hypertension in younger children and neonates. We investigated the genetic bases of early-onset isolated systemic hypertension. METHODS: Whole-exome sequencing (WES) was followed by variant filtering and Sanger sequencing for validation and familial segregation of selected variants in a large consanguineous family...
April 20, 2023: Journal of Medical Genetics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37002114/taming-the-tiger-ultra-high-dose-nitroglycerin-in-managing-sympathetic-crashing-acute-pulmonary-edema-patient
#24
Naazia Siddiqua, Jyothiswaroop Bhaskararayuni, Ankit Kumar Sahu, Akshay Kumar, Jamshed Nayer
INTRODUCTION: Sympathetic Crashing Acute Pulmonary Edema (SCAPE) lies on the end of the acute heart failure syndrome spectrum with pulmonary edema in all lung zones. NTG at lower doses (10-20 μg/min) cause preload reduction, and at higher doses (> 100 μg/min) causes after-load reduction by arterial dilatation. The main aim is to decrease the afterload at the earliest to cut the vicious cycle caused by sudden sympathetic upsurge. To our knowledge, this is the highest nitroglycerin dose usage in the literature...
May 2023: American Journal of Emergency Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36971744/prolonged-ca-2-release-refractoriness-and-t-tubule-disruption-as-determinants-of-increased-propensity-to-cardiac-alternans-in-the-hypertensive-heart-disease
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Juan Ignacio Elio Mariángelo, Gabriel Darío Di Marzio, Luis Alberto Gonano, Matilde Said, Cecilia Mundiña-Weilenmann
AIM: Cardiac alternans is a dynamical phenomenon linked to the genesis of severe arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. It has been proposed that alternans is caused by alterations in Ca2+ handling by the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR), in both the SR Ca2+ uptake and release processes. The hypertrophic myocardium is particularly prone to alternans, but the precise mechanisms underlying its increased vulnerability are not known. METHODS: Mechanical alternans (intact hearts) and Ca2+ alternans (cardiac myocytes) were studied in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) during the first year of age after the onset of hypertension and compared with age-matched normotensive rats...
March 27, 2023: Acta Physiologica
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36927868/late-onset-and-classic-phenotypes-of-fabry-disease-in-males-with-the-gla-thr410ala-mutation
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kati Valtola, Marja Hedman, Ilkka Kantola, Susanne Walls, Seppo Helisalmi, Maleeha Maria, Joose Raivo, Christiane Auray-Blais, Johanna Kuusisto
OBJECTIVE: To present phenotypic characteristics and biomarkers of a family with the rare mutation Thr410Ala of the α-galactosidase A gene (T410A/ GLA ) causing Fabry disease (FD). METHODS AND RESULTS: In a woman in her 60s with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, T410A/ GLA was found in screening for variants in 59 cardiomyopathy-related genes. Her son in his 40s, two granddaughters and two great grandsons carried T410A/ GLA . The son had a history of hypertension and paroxysmal AF but no microalbuminuria or classic symptoms or signs of FD...
March 2023: Open Heart
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36819418/diffuse-alveolar-hemorrhage-a-rare-complication-of-severe-hypertension
#27
Mohamad Talal Basrak, Muhammad Firas Alhammad, Shahzad Anjum, Mohammad Altermanini, Yasir E Ahmed
Severe hypertension is a rare cause of diffuse alveolar hemorrhage. We reported a case of a 43-year-old woman who presented with shortness of breath, hemoptysis, and severe hypertension. The patient was diagnosed with diffuse alveolar hemorrhage due to severe hypertension which improved after controlling her blood pressure.
January 2023: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36797292/pre-eclampsia
#28
REVIEW
Evdokia Dimitriadis, Daniel L Rolnik, Wei Zhou, Guadalupe Estrada-Gutierrez, Kaori Koga, Rossana P V Francisco, Clare Whitehead, Jon Hyett, Fabricio da Silva Costa, Kypros Nicolaides, Ellen Menkhorst
Pre-eclampsia is a life-threatening disease of pregnancy unique to humans and a leading cause of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. Women who survive pre-eclampsia have reduced life expectancy, with increased risks of stroke, cardiovascular disease and diabetes, while babies from a pre-eclamptic pregnancy have increased risks of preterm birth, perinatal death and neurodevelopmental disability and cardiovascular and metabolic disease later in life. Pre-eclampsia is a complex multisystem disease, diagnosed by sudden-onset hypertension (>20 weeks of gestation) and at least one other associated complication, including proteinuria, maternal organ dysfunction or uteroplacental dysfunction...
February 16, 2023: Nature Reviews. Disease Primers
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36656236/myoglobin-cast-nephropathy-following-multiple-bee-stings
#29
Nishika Madireddy, Meenakshi Swain, Ravishankar Yalamarty
Bee stings usually result in mild allergic reactions; however, mass envenomation can cause severe complications such as rhabdomyolysis, hemolysis, shock, or multi-organ damage. Rhabdomyolysis can result in acute renal failure either by tubular obstruction by myoglobin casts or by direct cytotoxic injury. We present a case of a 12-year-old female child who presented with sudden onset anuria and hypertension following mass envenomation by bees. A renal biopsy was performed, the microscopic evaluation of which revealed tubular injury, with associated intratubular pigmented casts...
2023: Indian Journal of Pathology & Microbiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36569034/rupture-of-the-right-sinus-of-valsalva-aneurysm-and-formation-of-ventricular-septal-dissection-and-third-degree-atrioventricular-block-a-case-report
#30
Si-Yi Yi, Can Zhou, Jie Feng, Wei-Sheng Zhan, Zheng Zhou, Ying Yang
Sinus of Valsalva aneurysm is a rare congenital or acquired cardiac structural abnormality. The sinus of Valsalva aneurysm refers to the local development defect of the aortic sinus wall. Under aortic hypertension, the sinus wall becomes thinner and expands outward. Its clinical manifestations range from asymptomatic to severe life-threatening complications caused by compression or rupture of important surrounding structures. A few cases of aortic aneurysm sinus with arrhythmias have been reported, including complete heart block...
2022: SAGE Open Medical Case Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36466006/pheochromocytoma-induced-subarachnoid-and-intracerebral-hemorrhage
#31
Lauren L Agoubi, Sandeep P Khot, R Alan Failor, Nicole K Zern
Pheochromocytomas are rare adrenal tumors that are often diagnosed in workup for endocrine causes of refractory hypertension, as an incidental imaging finding, or in patients with classic symptoms of headache, palpitations, and/or diaphoresis. We describe a case of pheochromocytoma presenting in a 63-year-old woman with spontaneous and multifocal subarachnoid and intracerebral hemorrhage without underlying vasculopathy. The patient previously had no documented episodes of hypertension and took no regular medications...
November 17, 2022: Journal of the Endocrine Society
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36451428/clinical-characteristics-and-risk-factors-for-kidney-failure-in-patients-with-autosomal-dominant-polycystic-kidney-disease-a-retrospective-study
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hanil Park, Jin Hyuk Paek, Yaerim Kim, Woo Yeong Park, Seungyeup Han, Kyubok Jin
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is a hereditary and progressive renal disease. By the age of 65 years, 45% to 70% of patients with ADPKD reach end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Although there are various treatments for this condition, no standard therapy exists to delay the progression of ADPKD. Hence, understanding the factors that affect disease progression may be helpful for the treatment of ADPKD. The medical records of 288 patients with ADPKD at Keimyung University Dongsan Medical Center between January 1989 and August 2018 were analyzed retrospectively...
November 25, 2022: Medicine (Baltimore)
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36412482/adult-sigmoidorectal-intussusception-as-an-unexpected-cause-of-lower-gastrointestinal-bleeding
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jean Félix Piñerúa-Gonsálvez, Carmen Del Pozo Calzada, Rosanna Del Carmen Zambrano-Infantino
A 95-years-old woman presented with sudden-onset rectal bleeding. All other systems were reviewed and were negative. The patient had a past medical history of Alzheimer disease, congestive heart failure, arterial hypertension and diabetes mellitus type 2. Vital signs were normal. There were neither signs of peritoneal irritation nor intestinal obstruction. On digital rectal examination, a soft mass was palpated about 9 cm from the anal verge. Routine analytical tests were within normal limits. The abdominal CT showed a sigmoidorectal intussusception...
November 22, 2022: Revista Española de Enfermedades Digestivas
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36304553/the-characteristics-of-thoracic-aortic-dissection-in-autopsy-diagnosed-individuals-an-autopsy-study
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Qianhao Zhao, Kun Yin, Nan Zhou, Qiuping Wu, Yuxi Xiao, Jinxiang Zheng, Da Zheng, Qiming Bi, Li Quan, Bingjie Hu, Jianding Cheng
Thoracic aortic dissection (TAD) is the most common cause of sudden cardiac death associated with aortic diseases. The age of TAD victims in forensic studies is significantly younger than hospitalized patients with TAD, while only a few studies have been conducted on autopsy-diagnosed TAD deceased. A retrospective study was conducted at the Medicolegal Center of Sun Yat-sen University from 1999 to 2019 to address the characteristics of TAD victims. A total of 200 deceased from spontaneous rupture of TAD were assessed, with 165 (82...
2022: Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36299944/septic-pulmonary-embolism-with-deep-vein-thrombosis-and-bilateral-pleural-effusion
#35
Mrinmayee V Mayekar, Ulhas S Jadhav, Babaji Ghewade, Pankaj B Wagh, Gaurang M Aurangabadkar
Septic emboli induce two insults - firstly, the infectious insult, which causes inflammation and increases the potential for abscess formation, and secondly, the early embolic/ischemic insult brought on by arterial blockage and infarction. Pulmonary embolism is the second leading cause of cardiovascular disease-associated death, right after cardiovascular events. The sequelae of venous thromboembolism include post-thrombotic syndrome and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). The pathophysiological characteristics of inflammation, hypercoagulability, and endothelial damage are the three components of Virchow's triad, which are mirrored by the risk factors for both diseases...
September 2022: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36189085/unusual-presentation-of-w%C3%A3-nderlich-syndrome
#36
Luis R García-Chairez, Fred A Montelongo-Rodríguez, Ilse A Moreno-Arquieta, Max Molina Ayala, Adrián Gutierrez-González
Background: Wünderlich syndrome is a rare but important condition because it involves a sudden blood collection in the renal fossa that can cause hemodynamic instability. Case Report: A 38-year-old female with a history of type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension with poor adherence to treatment presented to the emergency department with abdominal pain of 2 weeks' duration accompanied by irritative lower urinary symptoms. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan showed bilateral pyelonephritis and an abscess in the lower pole of the right kidney...
2022: Ochsner Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36134090/post-mortem-ct-a-useful-tool-to-confirm-a-case-of-suspected-sudden-cardiac-death
#37
Karthi Vignesh Raj K, Abhishek Yadav, Gokul G, Amar Ranjan, Sudhir K Gupta
Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is defined as the unexpected death of an individual, not due to any extracardiac cause, occurring within one hour of symptom onset or within 24 hours of last being seen in good health if the death is unwitnessed. Forensic pathologists routinely encounter several SCD cases in their practice. The presentation of such cases can be of two types; firstly, with typical signs and symptoms suggestive of cardiac pathology, and secondly, devoid of any presentation history. This history helps forensic pathologists look for relevant findings during the autopsy examination...
August 2022: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36128159/multiple-etiologies-of-secondary-headaches-associated-with-arachnoid-cyst-cerebrospinal-fluid-hypovolemia-and-nontraumatic-chronic-subdural-hematoma-in-an-adolescent-a-case-report
#38
Sae Shimizu, Sayaka Ito, Kazushi Higuchi
Background: Diagnosing the cause of headaches can be challenging. Even if intracranial lesions are found in a patient, careful assessment is essential for diagnosis, and treatment strategies will differ for each etiology. Case Description: A 16-year-old boy presented with sudden-onset headache which had lasted for 2 days. His headache was aggravated in the orthostatic position. The patient denied recent head trauma. He had been diagnosed with an arachnoid cyst (AC) in his right middle cranial fossa...
2022: Surgical Neurology International
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36125977/embolic-stroke-associated-with-a-pulmonary-arteriovenous-fistula-an-unignorable-rare-causes-of-stroke
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lizhang Chen, Yujia Yang, Li Tang, Muke Zhou, Li He
INTRODUCTION: Here, we described a patient with ischemic stroke due to embolism, through an isolated pulmonary arteriovenous fistula (PAVF). Our case could be a paradigm of embolic stroke of undetermined source (ESUS) with an uncommon cause, providing an etiologic investigation process in addition to diagnostic pitfalls and pearls, eventually raising neurologists' ability to treat ESUS. CASE REPORT: A 37-year-old right-handed woman presented to our emergency department with sudden onset left upper limb and lower limb weakness...
September 8, 2022: Neurologist
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36072219/non-arteritic-anterior-ischemic-optic-neuropathy-associated-with-the-use-of-phosphodiesterase-type-5-inhibitors-a-literature-review
#40
REVIEW
Mosab Hor, Ahmed M Baradeiya, Hodan Qasim, Mohamed Nasr, Amad Mohammad
Phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitors are frequently used for erectile dysfunction (ED) as the first line of treatment. This medication was initially developed to treat muscle spasms and pulmonary hypertension. The United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved its usage for treating ED. Sildenafil, tadalafil, vardenafil, and avanafil are PDE5 inhibitors. The decrease of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) in smooth muscle cells caused by sildenafil causes smooth muscle relaxation and penile erection...
August 2022: Curēus
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