lentigo

Senile lentigo (SL) is a pigmentary disorder associated with disrupted epidermal turnover. Trace minerals in the skin are known to regulate keratinocyte proliferation and differentiation. To clarify the role of iron in SL, we compared the expression of molecules related to iron metabolism between SL lesion (lesion) and the surrounding normal skin (nonlesion). Our results revealed that proteins involved in iron uptake and utilization such as transferrin receptor 1, iron regulatory protein 1, mitoferrin 1, and divalent metal transporter 1 were expressed in the lower epidermis in the nonlesion, while expression of them was also observed in the upper epidermis in the lesion...

(1) Background: Ultraviolet (UV) radiation and sunburns are associated with an increased incidence of acquired nevi and melanomas. However, the data are controversial as to whether chronic UV exposure or high intermittent UV exposure is the major carcinogenic factor in melanocytic tumors. In this study, we compared the degree of actinic elastosis (AE) as a surrogate for lifetime UV exposure in nevi and different clinical melanoma subtypes (i.e., superficial spreading melanoma (SSM), nodular malignant melanoma (NMM), acral lentiginous melanoma (ALM), and lentigo maligna melanoma (LMM)) with respect to clinical variables (age, sex, and body site)...

BACKGROUND: Information on lentigo maligna (LM) and lentigo maligna melanoma (LMM) in the 21st century is scarce. We aimed to elucidate the incidence of LM and LMM using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) 17 Registries. METHODS: The data of patients diagnosed between 2000 and 2019 were extracted from the SEER database. The percentage of LM/LMM cases among all melanoma patients, age-standardized incidence rates, estimated annual percentage changes, and the cumulative incidence of LMM after LM were calculated...

BACKGROUND: Deep-learning convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have outperformed even experienced dermatologists in dermoscopic melanoma detection under controlled conditions. It remains unexplored how real-world dermoscopic image transformations affect CNN robustness. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the consistency of melanoma risk assessment by two commercially available CNNs to help formulate recommendations for current clinical use. METHODS: A comparative cohort study was conducted from January to July 2022 at the Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Basel...

BACKGROUND: Hyperpigmented spots are common issues in all ethnicities with a hallmark characteristic of increased melanocyte dendricity. OBJECTIVES: To determine (1) potential receptors and/or cytokines that are involved in increased melanocyte dendricity in multiple facial spot types; (2) treatment effects of skin-lightening compounds on identified cytokine release from keratinocytes and on dendricity in melanocytes. METHODS: Facial spots (melasma, solar lentigo, acne-induced post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation) and adjacent non-spot skin biopsies were collected from Chinese women (age 20-70)...

Primary pigmented nodular adrenocortical disease (PPNAD) is a rare genetic disease mainly associated with Carney complex (CNC), which is caused by germline mutations of the regulatory subunit type 1A (RIα) of the cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PRKAR1A) gene. We report three cases suffering from CNC with unique features in diagnosis and follow-up. All cases had obesity and a cushingoid appearance and exhibited laboratory characteristics of hypercortisolism. However biochemical and radiological examinations initially suggested Cushing's disease in one case ...

BACKGROUND: In this article, we review and discuss the photoprotection behavior of Asians based on the literature, along with a subanalysis of an original online survey, and make recommendations to optimize photoprotection for Asian populations to prevent photoaging and pigmentary disorders. METHODS: An international panel of eight dermatologists from Asia (China, Korea, Japan, Singapore, Indonesia, and Vietnam) met to discuss sunscreen photoprotection for Asian patients...

INTRODUCTION: Although the dermoscopic features of facial lentiginous melanomas (LM), including lentigo maligna and lentigo maligna melanoma, have been extensively studied, the literature about those located on the scalp is scarce. This study aims to describe the dermoscopic features of scalp LM and assess the diagnostic accuracy of dermoscopy to discriminate them from equivocal benign pigmented macules. METHODS: Consecutive cases of scalp LM and histopathology-proven benign but clinically equivocal pigmented macules (actinic keratoses, solar lentigos, seborrheic keratoses and lichen planus-like keratoses) from four referral centres were included...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) is an area of debate in the management of lentigo maligna melanoma (LMM). The utility of SLNB and its prognostic value in LMM have not yet been studied with large databases. METHODS: We performed a retrospective review of the National Cancer Database (2012-2020) and the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (2010-2019) database for patients with cutaneous nonmetastatic LMM with Breslow thickness >1...

Dear Editor, Actinic keratoses (AK) have a high prevalence in the general population, with greater rates in Caucasian patients after the fourth and fifth decades of life (37.5-60.0%) (1,2). Standard histopathologic reporting of AKs does not provide information on the presence of atypical keratinocytes extending to the hair follicle, also defined as folliculotropism (FLC). Commonly, atypical cells in AKs do not present FLC, but this feature can be observed in bowenoid AKs with full-thickness epidermal atypia (3,4)...

Skin cancers are the most common malignancies to affect older adults. The most common skin cancers, basal and squamous cell carcinoma, can usually be cured with surgery. Although less common, melanoma can be deadly when not caught in its earliest stages.

INTRODUCTION: Carbon solution-assisted Nd:YAG lasers were previously used in enlarged pores; hair removal; acne and acne scars; and facial rejuvenation. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study is to determine the patient satisfaction for different treatment indications of carbon solution-assisted 1064 nm Nd:YAG lasers. METHODS: This is a retrospective study that included the patients who were treated with carbon solution-assisted 1064 nm Nd:YAG laser with any indication in a private dermatology practice...

BACKGROUND: Dermoscopic and reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) correlations between morphologic groups of melanoma have not yet been described. OBJECTIVE: Describe and compare dermoscopic and RCM features of cutaneous melanomas with histopathological confirmation. METHODS: Single center, retrospective analysis of consecutive melanomas evaluated with RCM (2015-2019). Lesions were clinically classified as typical, nevus-like, amelanotic/nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC)-like, seborrheic keratosis (SK)-like and lentigo/lentigo maligna (LM)-like...

Lentigo maligna (LM) is a melanoma in situ with distinct clinical features and histology. It commonly affects males after the sixth decade of life. Incidence rates of LM have increased based on early 21st century data from different countries, however data are suboptimal. Data from England show a plateauing crude incidence between 2013-2019. By comparison, invasive melanoma and other types of melanoma in situ commonly appears in younger age groups (median age 58 and 67 years old, respectively) and incidence is rising...

BACKGROUND: Incidence and treatment disparities for cutaneous melanomas have been documented among racial and sociodemographic minorities. However, the association between treatment types, race, and socioeconomic status remains unknown. OBJECTIVE: To characterize treatment differences for head and neck melanoma in situ (MIS) and lentigo maligna (LM) based on race and sociodemographic variables. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A population-based retrospective cohort study of the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results database (1998-2016) was performed...

BACKGROUND: Keratinocyte cancers account for the most frequent oncological complication in organ transplant recipients. To date, many different risk factors have been reported, unless variability among the studies exist. We aimed to determine the incidence and risk factors for keratinocyte neoplasms in a cohort of kidney transplant and liver transplant recipients. METHODS: A cohort of 338 patients were included in this retrospective study and followed-up from transplantation until the end of December 2021, with a 2-year minimum transplant time...

BACKGROUND: Renal transplantation is the most common organ transplantation procedure in Indonesia. Renal transplant recipients (RTRs) were found to carry 3-to-5-time higher risk of cancer compared to the normal population. Around 40% of cancers in RTR patients were non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC). It was found to be correlated with several risk factors. The study aimed to determine the prognostic factors for NMSC in RTRs with Indonesian skin colors. METHODS: The article search was conducted on three different journal databases, which were Cochrane, PubMed, and Embase...

In the context of global warming and increasing exposure to UV radiation, skin diseases are becoming more prevalent. Some of the most widespread skin conditions are solar lentigo and actinic keratosis. In this paper, we propose a technical approach related to the use of Azure Custom Vision services to classify these two conditions. The main advantage of using this service is the computational power offered by Azure. Additionally, generating a convolutional neural network model does not require a large dataset to achieve a good performance...

The dermatoscopic characteristics of shiny white structures (SWS) in malignant skin tumours are well described, but data on benign skin neoplasms are scarce. To evaluate dermatoscopic features of SWS in common benign tumours, we reviewed our database for histopathologically confirmed cases. The dermatoscopic images were evaluated for the presence of any type of SWS. Those images with SWS were further analyzed for their quantity, distribution and shape. Of 2420 evaluated benign tumours, 357 (14.8%) displayed SWS...

OBJECTIVE: There is a worldwide increase in the incidence of malignant melanoma (MM). Although it is a highly aggressive tumor and associated with high mortality and morbidity rates, it is highly curable if diagnosed early. Both genetic and environmental risk factors are associated with MM, which may show geographic variations. In this study we aimed to investigate the demographic and clinical features of cutaneous melanoma patients who are under follow-up in our department and whether there is an association between patients' characteristics and disease features...