keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38547427/disease-modifying-treatments-for-multiple-sclerosis-affect-measures-of-cellular-immune-responses-to-ebna-1-peptides
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lara Dungan, Jean Dunne, Michael Savio, Marianna Kalaszi, Matt McElheron, Yvonne Lynagh, Kate O'Driscoll, Carmel Roche, Ammara Qureshi, Brendan Crowley, Niall Conlon, Hugh Kearney
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) has been strongly implicated in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS). Despite this, there are no routinely used tests to measure cellular response to EBV. In this study, we analyzed the cellular response to EBV nuclear antigen-1 (EBNA-1) in people with MS (pwMS) using a whole blood assay. METHODS: This cross-sectional study took place in a dedicated MS clinic in a university hospital. We recruited healthy controls, people with epilepsy (PWE), and pwMS taking a range of disease-modifying treatments (DMTs) including natalizumab, anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), dimethyl fumarate (DMF), and also treatment naïve...
May 2024: Neurology® Neuroimmunology & Neuroinflammation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531962/mtor-and-neuroinflammation-in-epilepsy-implications-for-disease-progression-and-treatment
#2
REVIEW
Teresa Ravizza, Mirte Scheper, Rossella Di Sapia, Jan Gorter, Eleonora Aronica, Annamaria Vezzani
Epilepsy remains a major health concern as anti-seizure medications frequently fail, and there is currently no treatment to stop or prevent epileptogenesis, the process underlying the onset and progression of epilepsy. The identification of the pathological processes underlying epileptogenesis is instrumental to the development of drugs that may prevent the generation of seizures or control pharmaco-resistant seizures, which affect about 30% of patients. mTOR signalling and neuroinflammation have been recognized as critical pathways that are activated in brain cells in epilepsy...
March 26, 2024: Nature Reviews. Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38528256/the-contributions-of-thrombospondin-1-to-epilepsy-formation
#3
REVIEW
Yao Cheng, Yujie Zhai, Yi Yuan, Qiaoyun Wang, Shucui Li, Hongliu Sun
Epilepsy is a neural network disorder caused by uncontrolled neuronal hyperexcitability induced by an imbalance between excitatory and inhibitory networks. Abnormal synaptogenesis plays a vital role in the formation of overexcited networks. Recent evidence has confirmed that thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1), mainly secreted by astrocytes, is a critical cytokine that regulates synaptogenesis during epileptogenesis. Furthermore, numerous studies have reported that TSP-1 is also involved in other processes, such as angiogenesis, neuroinflammation, and regulation of Ca2+ homeostasis, which are closely associated with the occurrence and development of epilepsy...
March 26, 2024: Neuroscience Bulletin
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38527652/a-longitudinal-mri-and-tspo-pet-based-investigation-of-brain-region-specific-neuroprotection-by-diazepam-versus-midazolam-following-organophosphate-induced-seizures
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Brad A Hobson, Douglas R Rowland, Yimeng Dou, Naomi Saito, Zachary T Harmany, Donald A Bruun, Danielle J Harvey, Abhijit Chaudhari, Joel R Garbow, Pamela J Lein
Acute poisoning with organophosphorus cholinesterase inhibitors (OPs), such as OP nerve agents and pesticides, can cause life threatening cholinergic crisis and status epilepticus (SE). Survivors often experience significant morbidity, including brain injury, acquired epilepsy, and cognitive deficits. Current medical countermeasures for acute OP poisoning include a benzodiazepine to mitigate seizures. Diazepam was long the benzodiazepine included in autoinjectors used to treat OP-induced seizures, but it is now being replaced in many guidelines by midazolam, which terminates seizures more quickly, particularly when administered intramuscularly...
March 23, 2024: Neuropharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38511224/epigenetics-and-the-neurodegenerative-process
#5
REVIEW
Bartosz Słowikowski, Wojciech Owecki, Jan Jeske, Michał Jezierski, Michał Draguła, Ulyana Goutor, Paweł P Jagodziński, Wojciech Kozubski, Jolanta Dorszewska
Neurological diseases are multifactorial, genetic and environmental. Environmental factors such as diet, physical activity and emotional state are epigenetic factors. Environmental markers are responsible for epigenetic modifications. The effect of epigenetic changes is increased inflammation of the nervous system and neuronal damage. In recent years, it has been shown that epigenetic changes may cause an increased risk of neurological disorders but, currently, the relationship between epigenetic modifications and neurodegeneration remains unclear...
March 21, 2024: Epigenomics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38507844/in-silico-exploration-of-cb2-receptor-agonist-in-the-management-of-neuroinflammatory-conditions-by-pharmacophore-modeling
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shlok Bodke, Nachiket Joshi, Rajasekhar Reddy Alavala, Divya Suares
Endocannabinoid system plays a pivotal role in controlling neuroinflammation, and modulating this system may not only aid in managing symptoms of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Multiple sclerosis, Epilepsy, Central and Peripheral neuropathic pain, but also, have the potential to target these diseases at an early-stage. In the present study, six different pharmacophore hypotheses were generated from Cannabidiol (CBD)-Cannabinoid Receptor subtype-2 (CB2) and then Zinc database was screened for identification of hit molecules...
March 10, 2024: Computational Biology and Chemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38495109/aav8-vector-induced-gliosis-following-neuronal-transgene-expression
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Faye McLeod, Elaine McDermott, Shermin Mak, Darren Walsh, Mark Turnbull, Fiona E N LeBeau, Andrew Jackson, Andrew J Trevelyan, Gavin J Clowry
INTRODUCTION: Expression of light sensitive ion channels by selected neurons has been achieved by viral mediated transduction with gene constructs, but for this to have therapeutic uses, for instance in treating epilepsy, any adverse effects of viral infection on the cerebral cortex needs to be evaluated. Here, we assessed the impact of adeno-associated virus 8 (AAV8) carrying DNA code for a soma targeting light activated chloride channel/FusionRed (FR) construct under the CKIIa promoter...
2024: Frontiers in Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38492342/neuroprotective-potential-of-pyrazole-benzenesulfonamide-derivative-t1-in-targeted-intervention-against-ptz-induced-epilepsy-like-condition-in-in-vivo-zebrafish-model
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Raghul Murugan, S P Ramya Ranjan Nayak, B Haridevamuthu, D Priya, Vellapandian Chitra, Bader O Almutairi, Selvaraj Arokiyaraj, Muthupandian Saravanan, M K Kathiravan, Jesu Arockiaraj
Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disease characterized by a persistent susceptibility to seizures. Pharmaco-resistant epilepsies, impacting around 30 % of patients, highlight the urgent need for improved treatments. Neuroinflammation, prevalent in epileptogenic brain regions, is a key player in epilepsy, prompting the search for new mechanistic therapies. Hence, in this study, we explored the anti-inflammatory potential of pyrazole benzenesulfonamide derivative (T1) against pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) induced epilepsy-like conditions in in-vivo zebrafish model...
March 15, 2024: International Immunopharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38470097/myd88-mediated-signaling-is-critical-for-the-generation-of-seizure-responses-and-cognitive-impairment-in-a-model-of-anti-n-methyl-d-aspartate-receptor-encephalitis
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Olga Taraschenko, Howard S Fox, Ember Eldridge, Priscilla Heliso, Fetweh Al-Saleem, Scott Dessain, George Casale, Gregory Willcockson, Kayley Anderson, Wenyi Wang, Raymond Dingledine
OBJECTIVE: We previously demonstrated that interleukin-1 receptor-mediated immune activation contributes to seizure severity and memory loss in anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis. In the present study, we assessed the role of the myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 (MyD88), an adaptor protein in Toll-like receptor signaling, in the key phenotypic characteristics of anti-NMDAR encephalitis. METHODS: Monoclonal anti-NMDAR antibodies or control antibodies were infused into the lateral ventricle of MyD88 knockout mice (MyD88-/- ) and control C56BL/6J mice (wild type [WT]) via osmotic minipumps for 2 weeks...
March 12, 2024: Epilepsia
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38467626/identification-of-gene-regulatory-networks-affected-across-drug-resistant-epilepsies
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Liesbeth François, Alessia Romagnolo, Mark J Luinenburg, Jasper J Anink, Patrice Godard, Marek Rajman, Jonathan van Eyll, Angelika Mühlebner, Andrew Skelton, James D Mills, Stefanie Dedeurwaerdere, Eleonora Aronica
Epilepsy is a chronic and heterogenous disease characterized by recurrent unprovoked seizures, that are commonly resistant to antiseizure medications. This study applies a transcriptome network-based approach across epilepsies aiming to improve understanding of molecular disease pathobiology, recognize affected biological mechanisms and apply causal reasoning to identify therapeutic hypotheses. This study included the most common drug-resistant epilepsies (DREs), such as temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampal sclerosis (TLE-HS), and mTOR pathway-related malformations of cortical development (mTORopathies)...
March 11, 2024: Nature Communications
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38463392/non-coding-rnas-and-neuroinflammation-implications-for-neurological-disorders
#11
REVIEW
Yvonne Chen, Julia Mateski, Linda Gerace, Jonathan Wheeler, Jan Burl, Bhavna Prakash, Cherie Svedin, Rebecca Amrick, Brian D Adams
Neuroinflammation is considered a balanced inflammatory response important in the intrinsic repair process after injury or infection. Under chronic states of disease, injury, or infection, persistent neuroinflammation results in a heightened presence of cytokines, chemokines, and reactive oxygen species that result in tissue damage. In the CNS, the surrounding microglia normally contain macrophages and other innate immune cells that perform active immune surveillance. The resulting cytokines produced by these macrophages affect the growth, development, and responsiveness of the microglia present in both white and gray matter regions of the CNS...
2024: Experimental Biology and Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38449733/meta-analysis-of-mmp-9-levels-in-the-serum-of-patients-with-epilepsy
#12
REVIEW
Qin Wang, Zehua Lin, Chunyuan Yao, Jinwen Liu, Jiangwei Chen, Limei Diao
BACKGROUND: Epilepsy's pathogenesis and progression are significantly influenced by neuroinflammation, blood-brain barrier function, and synaptic remodeling function. Matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9), as a critical factor, may contribute to the development of epilepsy through one or more of the above-mentioned pathways. This study aims to evaluate and quantify the correlation between MMP-9 levels and epilepsy. METHODS: We conducted a comprehensive search of Embase, Web of Science, PubMed, Cochrane Library, WanFang DATA, VIP, and the CNKI to identify studies that investigate the potential association between MMP-9 and epilepsy...
2024: Frontiers in Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38439154/exploring-the-mechanisms-of-kaempferol-in-neuroprotection-implications-for-neurological-disorders
#13
REVIEW
Amir Mohammad Nezhad Salari, Zahra Rasoulizadeh, Arezoo Gowhari Shabgah, Roghayyeh Vakili-Ghartavol, Ghasem Sargazi, Jamshid Gholizadeh Navashenaq
Kaempferol, a flavonoid compound found in various fruits, vegetables, and medicinal plants, has garnered increasing attention due to its potential neuroprotective effects in neurological diseases. This research examines the existing literature concerning the involvement of kaempferol in neurological diseases, including stroke, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, neuroblastoma/glioblastoma, spinal cord injury, neuropathic pain, and epilepsy. Numerous in vitro and in vivo investigations have illustrated that kaempferol possesses antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic properties, contributing to its neuroprotective effects...
March 2024: Cell Biochemistry and Function
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38405667/-astragalus-polysaccharides-ameliorate-epileptogenesis-cognitive-impairment-and-neuroinflammation-in-a-pentylenetetrazole-induced-kindling-mouse-model
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yuling Lu, Minglin Lin, Sijie Ou, Lanfeng Sun, Kai Qian, Huimin Kuang, Yuan Wu
Background: Epilepsy is a prevalent neurological disease where neuroinflammation plays a significant role in epileptogenesis. Recent studies have suggested that Astragalus polysaccharides (APS) have anti-inflammatory properties, which make them a potential candidate for neuroprotection against central nervous system disease. Nevertheless, the extent of their effectiveness in treating epilepsy remains enigmatic. Therefore, our study aims to investigate the potential of APS to mitigate epileptogenesis and its comorbidities by exploring its underlying mechanism...
2024: Frontiers in Pharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38404644/-in-silico-analyses-of-the-involvement-of-gpr55-cb1r-and-trpv1-response-to-thc-contribution-to-temporal-lobe-epilepsy-structural-modeling-and-updated-evolution
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Amy L Cherry, Michael J Wheeler, Karolina Mathisova, Mathieu Di Miceli
INTRODUCTION: The endocannabinoid (eCB) system is named after the discovery that endogenous cannabinoids bind to the same receptors as the phytochemical compounds found in Cannabis. While endogenous cannabinoids include anandamide (AEA) and 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG), exogenous phytocannabinoids include Δ-9 tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD). These compounds finely tune neurotransmission following synapse activation, via retrograde signaling that activates cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1R) and/or transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1 (TRPV1)...
2024: Frontiers in Neuroinformatics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38402995/integrated-analysis-of-circrna-related-cerna-network-targeting-neuroinflammation-in-medial-temporal-lobe-epilepsy
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Bingzheng Gong, Mian Li, Ziru Wang, Gulingyue Hao, Liang Sun, Jingjun Zhang, Liangjie Yuan
BACKGROUND: medial temporal lobe epilepsy (mTLE) is among the most common types of temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) ,it is generally resistant to drug treatment, which significantly impacts the quality of life and treatment. Research on novel therapeutic approaches for mTLE has become a current focus. Our study aims to construct and analyze a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network that targets neuroinflammation using publicly available data, which may offer a novel therapeutic approach for mTLE...
February 23, 2024: Brain Research Bulletin
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38398876/dietary-and-metabolic-approaches-for-treating-autism-spectrum-disorders-affective-disorders-and-cognitive-impairment-comorbid-with-epilepsy-a-review-of-clinical-and-preclinical-evidence
#17
REVIEW
Shruthi H Iyer, Mary Y Yeh, Lauren Netzel, Molly G Lindsey, McKenzie Wallace, Kristina A Simeone, Timothy A Simeone
Epilepsy often occurs with other neurological disorders, such as autism, affective disorders, and cognitive impairment. Research indicates that many neurological disorders share a common pathophysiology of dysfunctional energy metabolism, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and gut dysbiosis. The past decade has witnessed a growing interest in the use of metabolic therapies for these disorders with or without the context of epilepsy. Over one hundred years ago, the high-fat, low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet (KD) was formulated as a treatment for epilepsy...
February 17, 2024: Nutrients
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38398011/epidemiology-risk-factors-and-biomarkers-of-post-traumatic-epilepsy-a-comprehensive-overview
#18
REVIEW
Dimitrios Kazis, Symela Chatzikonstantinou, Alin Ciobica, Fatima Zahra Kamal, Vasile Burlui, Gabriela Calin, Ioannis Mavroudis
This paper presents an in-depth exploration of Post-Traumatic Epilepsy (PTE), a complex neurological disorder following traumatic brain injury (TBI), characterized by recurrent, unprovoked seizures. With TBI being a global health concern, understanding PTE is crucial for effective diagnosis, management, and prognosis. This study aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the epidemiology, risk factors, and emerging biomarkers of PTE, thereby informing clinical practice and guiding future research. The epidemiological aspect of the study reveals PTE as a significant contributor to acquired epilepsies, with varying incidence influenced by injury severity, age, and intracranial pathologies...
February 9, 2024: Biomedicines
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38394725/drug-resistant-epilepsies-a-multicentre-case-series-of-steroid-therapy
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Raffaele Falsaperla, Ausilia Desiree Collotta, Simona D Marino, Vincenzo Sortino, Roberta Leonardi, Grete Francesca Privitera, Alfredo Pulvirenti, Agnese Suppiej, Marilena Vecchi, Alberto Verrotti, Giovanni Farello, Alberto Spalice, Maurizio Elia, Orazio Spitaleri, Marco Micale, Janette Mailo, Martino Ruggieri
PURPOSE: Our study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of corticosteroids on seizure control in drug-resistant epilepsies (DREs). Our primary goal was to assess the response to steroids for various underlying etiologies, interictal electroencephalographic (EEG) patterns and electroclinical seizure descriptions. Our second goal was to compare steroid responsiveness to different treatment protocols. METHODS: This is a retrospective multicentre cohort study conducted according to the STROBE guidelines (Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology)...
February 13, 2024: Seizure: the Journal of the British Epilepsy Association
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38385486/anti-seizure-effects-and-mechanisms-of-berberine-a-systematic-review
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nahid Jivad, Saeid Heidari-Soureshjani, Hesamaldin Bagheri, Catherine Mt Sherwin, Sahar Rostamian
BACKGROUND: Epilepsy is one of the most common in all age groups and disabling neurologic disorders around the world. OBJECTIVES: This systematic review was to explore whether berberine (BBR) has any anti-seizure or anti-epileptic effects and also reviewed this possible mechanism. METHODS: The EMBASE, Scopus, Cochrane Library, PubMed, and Web of Science databases were searched before Sep 2023. All types of studies that investigated the effects of BBR on epilepsy or chemical-induced seizures were eligible for inclusion...
February 21, 2024: Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology
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