keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38537491/coupled-effects-of-human-activities-and-river-lake-interactions-evolution-alter-sources-and-fate-of-sedimentary-organic-carbon-in-a-typical-river-lake-system
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shilan Wang, Fengwei Ran, Zhongwu Li, Changrong Yang, Tao Xiao, Yaojun Liu, Xiaodong Nie
Interconnected river-lake systems record sedimentary organic carbon (OCsed ) dynamics and watershed environmental changes, providing valuable information for global carbon budgets and watershed management. However, owing to the evolving river-lake interactions under global change, monitoring OCsed is difficult, thereby impeding the understanding of OCsed transport and fate. This study provided new insights into the dynamical mechanisms of OCsed in a typical river-lake system consisting of Dongting Lake and its seven inlet/outlet rivers (the three inlets of the Yangtze River and four tributaries) over the last century using stable isotope tracing and quantified the influences of climate change and human activities on OCsed ...
March 23, 2024: Water Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38537490/impact-of-organic-carbon-on-sulfide-driven-autotrophic-denitrification-insights-from-isotope-fractionation-and-functional-genes
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mengjia Zhan, Wei Zeng, Congcong Wu, Gangxin Chen, Qingan Meng, Xiaojing Hao, Yongzhen Peng
Additional organics are generally supplemented in the sulfide-driven autotrophic denitrification system to accelerate the denitrification rate and reduce sulfate production. In this study, different concentrations of sodium acetate (NaAc) were added to the sulfide-driven autotrophic denitrification reactor, and the S0 accumulation increased from 7.8% to 100% over a 120-day operation period. Batch experiments revealed a threefold increase in total nitrogen (TN) removal rate at an Ac- -C/N ratio of 2.8 compared to a ratio of 0...
March 23, 2024: Water Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38537447/juno-high-purity-nitrogen-plant
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xin Ling, Boxiang Yu, Zhilong Hou, Tao Hu, Li Zhou, Yongjun Yan, Zhihang Zhu, Xiao Cai, Yayun Ding, Jian Fang, Junyu Shao, Lijun Sun, Xilei Sun, Yuguang Xie, Xiaohui Qi, Haodong Zhang
The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is a 20 kt low level radioactivity liquid scintillator detector in a laboratory 650 m underground. An excellent energy resolution and a large volume offer exciting opportunities for addressing many important topics in neutrino physics. High purity nitrogen is an important factor to ensure the low background of the JUNO detector. High Purity Nitrogen (HPN) is used for detector purging, pipe cleaning, and scintillator purification, among other things in JUNO...
March 21, 2024: Applied Radiation and Isotopes
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536809/enhanced-dietary-reconstruction-of-korean-prehistoric-populations-by-combining-%C3%AE-13c-and-%C3%AE-15n-amino-acids-of-bone-collagen
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kyungcheol Choy, Hee Young Yun, Benjamin T Fuller, Marcello A Mannino
Compound specific stable isotope analysis of amino acids (CSIA-AA) is a powerful tool for determining dietary behaviors in complex environments and improving dietary reconstructions. Here, we conducted CSIA-AA on human (n = 32) and animal (n = 13) remains from two prehistoric archaeological sites (Mumun, Imdang) to assess in more detail the dietary sources consumed by prehistoric Korean populations. Results of estimated trophic position (TP) using Δ15NGlx-Phe show that the Imdang individuals consumed aquatic resources, as well as terrestrial resources...
2024: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535975/characterization-of-odorants-in-a-commercial-culinary-sage-salvia-officinalis-l-and-several-cultivars
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nancy Chiang, Melissa Dein, Thien H Nguyen, Danielle M Trudelle, Chi-Tang Ho, John P Munafo
Culinary sage, Salvia officinalis L., is a popular spice plant commonly used throughout the world. In this study, 35 odorants were identified in dried sage via solvent-assisted flavor evaporation (SAFE) and aroma extract dilution analysis (AEDA), including 9 that were identified in sage for the first time. Fifteen odorants were quantitated by stable isotope dilution analysis (SIDA), and their odor activity values (OAVs) were determined. Odorants with high OAVs included (2 E,6Z )-nona-2,6-dienal, 1,8-cineole, and β-myrcene...
March 27, 2024: Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535939/a-pilot-study-on-bioaccumulation-and-tissue-distribution-of-mercury-in-barn-swallow-hirundo-rustica
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Li Tian, Yujing Zhu, Ruiming Yu, Xiaobo Zheng
Although extensive research has been carried out on the occurrence of mercury (Hg) in biota, bioaccumulation and tissue distribution of Hg in songbirds have not been well characterized. In the present study, Hg was investigated in insects and barn swallows ( Hirundo rustica ) to explore the bioaccumulation characteristics of Hg. Hg in swallow feathers and tissues including muscle, liver, and bone was investigated to determine the tissue distribution of Hg. The concentrations of Hg were 1.39 ± 1.01 μg/g, 0...
March 8, 2024: Toxics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535795/detection-of-anatoxins-in-human-urine-by-liquid-chromatography-triple-quadrupole-mass-spectrometry-and-elisa
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Brady R Cunningham, Sarah R Lagon, William A Bragg, Donna Hill, Elizabeth I Hamelin
Harmful cyanobacterial blooms are becoming more common and persistent around the world. When in bloom, various cyanobacterial strains can produce anatoxins in high concentrations, which, unlike other cyanobacterial toxins, may be present in clear water. Potential human and animal exposures to anatoxins occur mainly through unintentional ingestion of contaminated algal mats and water. To address this public health threat, we developed and validated an LC-MS/MS method to detect anatoxins in human urine to confirm exposures...
March 1, 2024: Toxins
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535301/employing-11-ketotestosterone-as-a-target-analyte-for-adrenosterone-11oxo-administration-in-doping-controls
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Thomas Piper, Gregor Fußhöller, Mario Thevis
Adrenosterone (Androst-4-ene-3,11,17-trione, 11OXO) is forbidden in sports according to the Prohibited List of the World Anti-Doping Agency. The administration of 11OXO may be detected by monitoring the urinary concentrations of its main human metabolites 11β-hydroxy-androsterone and 11β-hydroxy-etiocholanolone. Preliminary urinary concentration and concentration ratio thresholds have been established for sports drug testing purposes, but adaptations are desirable as the suggested limits would result in numerous suspicious findings due to naturally elevated concentrations and ratios...
February 26, 2024: Metabolites
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535135/comparison-of-echocardiography-and-myocardial-scintigraphy-to-detect-cancer-therapy-related-cardiovascular-toxicity-in-breast-cancer-patients
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yuko Harada, Kyosuke Shimada, Satoshi John Harada, Tomomi Sato, Yukino Kubota, Miyoko Yamashita
The mortality rate of cancer patients has been decreasing; however, patients often suffer from cardiac disorders due to chemotherapy or other cancer therapies (e.g., cancer-therapy-related cardiovascular toxicity (CVR-CVT)). Therefore, the field of cardio-oncology has drawn more attention in recent years. The first European Society of Cardiology (ESC) guidelines on cardio-oncology was established last year. Echocardiography is the gold standard for the diagnosis of CVR-CVT, but many breast cancer patients are unable to undergo echocardiography due to their surgery wounds or anatomical reasons...
February 21, 2024: Journal of Imaging
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38533988/improved-quantification-of-geosmin-and-2-methylisoborneol-in-farmed-fish-using-stable-isotope-dilution-gas-chromatography-mass-spectrometry
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rebecca Adams Dupre, Brennan Smith, Steven W Lloyd, Jesse Trushenski
A requisite to improving the taste and odor attributes of farmed fish is the availability of accurate and practical analytical methods to quantify 2-methylisoborneol (MIB) and geosmin (GSM). Solid-phase microextraction (SPME) enables reliable measurement of nanogram per liter quantities of MIB and GSM in water. In contrast, direct headspace (HS)-SPME of biological matrices with variable proximate compositions can increase bias and uncertainty in off-flavor determinations. Analytical recovery plays a crucial role in the accurate determination of MIB and GSM in fish, and this study investigates strategies to maximize and account for this recovery factor...
March 27, 2024: Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38533909/use-of-nonhuman-sera-as-a-highly-cost-effective-internal-standard-for-quantitation-of-multiple-human-proteins-using-species-specific-tryptic-peptides-applicability-in-clinical-lc-ms-analyses
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Geraldine Williams, Lewis Couchman, David R Taylor, Jatinderpal K Sandhu, Oliver C Slingsby, Leong L Ng, Cajetan F Moniz, Donald J L Jones, Colleen B Maxwell
Quantitation of proteins using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) is complex, with a multiplicity of options ranging from label-free techniques to chemically and metabolically labeling proteins. Increasingly, for clinically relevant analyses, stable isotope-labeled (SIL) internal standards (ISs) represent the "gold standard" for quantitation due to their similar physiochemical properties to the analyte, wide availability, and ability to multiplex to several peptides. However, the purchase of SIL-ISs is a resource-intensive step in terms of cost and time, particularly for screening putative biomarker panels of hundreds of proteins...
March 27, 2024: Journal of Proteome Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531783/unveiling-the-role-of-water-in-heterogeneous-photocatalysis-of-methanol-conversion-for-efficient-hydrogen-production
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mu Xiao, Ardeshir Baktash, Miaoqiang Lyu, Guangyu Zhao, Yonggang Jin, Lianzhou Wang
Water molecules, which act as both solvent and reactant, play critical roles in photocatalytic reactions for methanol conversion. However, the influence of water on the adsorption of methanol and desorption of liquid products, which are two essential steps that control the performance in photocatalysis, has been well under-explored. Herein, we reveal the role of water in heterogeneous photocatalytic processes of methanol conversion on the platinized carbon nitride (Pt/C3N4) model photocatalyst. In-situ spectroscopy techniques, isotope effects, and computational calculations demonstrate that water shows adverse effects on the adsorption of methanol molecules and desorption processes of methanol oxidation products on the surface of Pt/C3N4, significantly altering the reaction pathways in photocatalytic methanol conversion process...
March 26, 2024: Angewandte Chemie
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531244/efficient-uptake-of-85-sr-and-60-co-using-fabricated-inorganic-sorbent-for-reducing-radiation-doses-of-simulated-low-level-waste
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
R M Maree, N A Kotb, M R Abass
The present study investigated the sorption behavior of 85 Sr and 60 Co radionuclides from aqueous solutions onto tin molybdate (SnMo) sorbent. SnMo has been synthesized using the precipitation method and was characterized using four analytical techniques including FT-IR, XRD, SEM, and XRF. The sorption studies applied on 85 Sr and 60 Co include the effect of shaking time, pH, concentration, and saturation capacity. The experimental data revealed that the sorption process was carried out after equilibrium time (180 min)...
February 28, 2024: Applied Radiation and Isotopes
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531243/a-study-on-the-treatment-of-brain-tumors-with-bnct-using-several-moderators-with-different-thicknesses
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yinan Zhu, Zuokang Lin, Haiyan Yu, Xiaohan Yu
Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is an effective binary radiation therapy that depends on nuclear capture reactions. In recent years, BNCT can be performed without a reactor owing to the development of accelerator-based neutron sources. A new BNCT irradiation facility is proposed, which is based on a 15 mA 2.5 MeV proton accelerator with a 100 μm thickness natural lithium target as a neutron converter. A great quantity of studies has shown that neutron beams with different spectra have unique therapeutic effects on tumors...
March 22, 2024: Applied Radiation and Isotopes
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531242/evaluation-of-188-re-iba-as-a-novel-radiopharmaceutical-for-bone-marrow-ablation
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hassan Ranjbar, Reza Bagheri, Seyed-Milad Miremad
In this study, Ibandronate as a third generation of bisphosphonates was labeled with rhenium-188 radionuclide. Production and quality control of 188 Re-IBA radiopharmaceutical was investigated. The radiation absorbed dose of this radiopharmaceutical was evaluated for adult male based on biodistribution data in mice using the RADAR and Sparks and Aydogan methodologies. The 188 Re-IBA was produced with more than 96% radiochemical purity. The highest value of %ID/g was related to bone with 7.11% at 12 h post-injection...
March 24, 2024: Applied Radiation and Isotopes
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531207/mercury-bioaccumulation-and-its-relationship-with-trophic-biomarkers-in-a-mediterranean-elasmobranch-mesopredator
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Eric Díaz-Delgado, Federico Girolametti, Anna Annibaldi, Clive N Trueman, Trevor J Willis
Human activity has led to increased concentrations of mercury (Hg) in the world's oceans. Mercury can bioaccumulate and biomagnify in animal tissues via trophic transfer, thus, becoming most pronounced in larger and older predators. Here, we measured Hg concentrations and their relationship with stable isotopes-based proxies of trophic level (δ13 C and δ15 N values) in multiple tissues of Mustelus spp. from the Mediterranean Sea. We found higher Hg concentrations in muscle than in liver and fin tissues...
March 25, 2024: Marine Pollution Bulletin
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531013/interspecific-variations-in-the-internal-mercury-isotope-dynamics-of-antarctic-penguins-implications-for-biomonitoring
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Saebom Jung, Lucien Besnard, Mi-Ling Li, John R Reinfelder, Eunhee Kim, Sae Yun Kwon, Jeong-Hoon Kim
Mercury (Hg) biomonitoring requires a precise understanding of the internal processes contributing to disparities between the Hg sources in the environment and the Hg measured in the biota. In this study, we investigated the use of Hg stable isotopes to trace Hg accumulation in Adélie and emperor penguin chicks from four breeding colonies in Antarctica. Interspecific variation of Δ199 Hg in penguin chicks reflects the distinct foraging habitats and Hg exposures in adults. Chicks at breeding sites where adult penguins predominantly consumed mesopelagic prey showed relatively lower Δ199 Hg values than chicks that were primarily fed epipelagic krill...
March 26, 2024: Environmental Science & Technology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38529769/dosimetry-during-iodine-131-therapy-a-technical-point-of-view-from-a-single-centre-s-own-experience
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wioletta Chalewska, Paulina Cegla, Anna Moczulska, Edyta Strzemecka, Agata Sackiewicz, Marek Dedecjus
BACKGROUND: Nuclear medicine uses radionuclides in medicine for diagnosis, staging, therapy, and monitoring the response to therapy. The application of radiopharmaceutical therapy for the treatment of certain diseases is well-established, and the field is expanding. Internal dosimetry is multifaceted and includes different workflows, as well as various calculations based on patient- specific dosimetry. AIM: The objective of this study was to introduce the technical issues which might occur during iodine-131 (¹³¹I) dosimetry performed in nuclear medicine departments...
2024: Nuclear Medicine Review. Central & Eastern Europe
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38529716/determination-of-lutetium-density-in-lyso-crystals-methodology-and-pet-detector-applications
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
T C Thien, M V Nemallapudi
Objective . Lutetium yttrium oxyorthosilicate (LYSO) scintillation crystals are used in positron emission tomography (PET) due to their high gamma attenuation, fair energy resolution, and fast scintillation decay time. The enduring presence of the176 Lu isotope, characterized by a half-life of 37.9 billion years, imparts a consistent radiation background (BG) profile that depends on the geometry and composition attributes of the LYSO crystals. Approach . In this work, we proposed a methodology for estimating the composition of LYSO crystals in cases where the exact Lutetium composition remains unknown...
March 26, 2024: Physics in Medicine and Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38529586/characterization-of-nanoparticles-in-mixtures-by-taylor-dispersion-analysis-hyphenated-to-inductively-coupled-plasma-mass-spectrometry
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Daniel Baron, Tomáš Pluháček, Jan Petr
A novel methodology for investigating the behavior of nanoparticles in their mixtures in aqueous high-ionic strength conditions is presented in this work. Our approach utilizes Taylor dispersion analysis in capillaries connected to inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) to probe metal-derived nanoparticles. This methodology simultaneously distinguishes between different kinds of nanoparticles and accurately determines their essential parameters, such as hydrodynamic size, diffusion coefficient, and elemental composition...
March 26, 2024: Analytical Chemistry
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