keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38532700/protein-structure-function-continuum-model-emerging-nexuses-between-specificity-evolution-and-structure
#1
REVIEW
Munishwar Nath Gupta, Vladimir N Uversky
The rationale for replacing the old binary of structure-function with the trinity of structure, disorder, and function has gained considerable ground in recent years. A continuum model based on the expanded form of the existing paradigm can now subsume importance of both conformational flexibility and intrinsic disorder in protein function. The disorder is actually critical for understanding the protein-protein interactions in many regulatory processes, formation of membrane-less organelles, and our revised notions of specificity as amply illustrated by moonlighting proteins...
April 2024: Protein Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38520880/motor-cognitive-and-behavioral-impairment-in-tlr3-and-tlr9-deficient-male-mice-insights-into-the-non-immunological-roles-of-toll-like-receptors
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Héctor Vargas-Calderón, Emmanuel Ortega-Robles, Luisa Rocha, Philipp Yu, Oscar Arias-Carrión
BACKGROUND: Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play a critical role in initiating the innate immune response to infection or injury. Recent studies have uncovered their intriguing functions as moonlighting proteins involved in various biological processes, including development, learning, and memory. However, the specific functions of individual TLRs are still largely unknown. AIMS: We investigated the effects of TLR3 and TLR9 receptor deficiency on motor, cognitive, and behavioral functions during development using genetically modified male mice of different ages...
March 22, 2024: Archives of Medical Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38512451/the-alanyl-trna-synthetase-aars1-moonlights-as-a-lactyl-transferase-to-promote-yap-signaling-in-gastric-cancer
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Junyi Ju, Hui Zhang, Moubin Lin, Zifeng Yan, Liwei An, Zhifa Cao, Dandan Geng, Jingwu Yue, Yang Tang, Luyang Tian, Fan Chen, Yi Han, Wenjia Wang, Shimin Zhao, Jiao Shi, Zhaocai Zhou
Lactylation has been recently identified as a new type of posttranslational modification widely occurring on lysine residues of both histone and non-histone proteins. The acetyl transferase p300 is thought to mediate protein lactylation, yet the cellular concentration of the proposed lactyl-donor, lactyl-coenzyme A is about 1,000 times lower than that of acetyl-CoA, raising the question whether p300 is a genuine lactyl-transferase. Here, we report the Alanyl-tRNA synthetase 1 (AARS1) moonlights as a bona fide lactyl-transferase that directly uses lactate and ATP to catalyze protein lactylation...
March 21, 2024: Journal of Clinical Investigation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38507354/moonlight-driven-biological-choruses-in-hawaiian-coral-reefs
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Daniel Duane, Simon Freeman, Lauren Freeman
Sounds from fish and invertebrates in coral reefs can create persistent cacophonies that can be recorded for ecosystem monitoring, including during nighttime hours where visual surveys are typically not feasible. Here we use soundscape measurements in Hawaii to demonstrate that multiple coral reef communities are rapidly responsive to shifts in nighttime ambient light, with sustained changes in biological sound between moonrise and moonset. High frequency pulse train sounds from fish (0.5-1.5 kHz) are found to increase during moonlight hours, while low frequency fish vocalizations (0...
2024: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38500854/living-with-voracious-roommates-factors-that-explain-isotopic-niche-variation-in-a-mixed-colony-of-insectivorous-bats
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Isaac Peña-Villalobos, Catalina B Muñoz-Pacheco, Martín A H Escobar, Fabian M Jaksic, Pablo Sabat
Theory predicts that in resource-limited environments, coexisting species may overlap their niche dimensions but must differ in at least one to avoid competitive exclusion. Specifically, it has been suggested that the coexistence of competing species within a guild, could be sustained with mechanisms of resource partitioning, such as segregation along a trophic dimension. Among the most gregarious mammals are bats, which present diversification in their diet based on habitat choice and body size. Despite differences that could explain specialization in prey selection, there are insufficient studies that explore food overlap in mixed bat colonies and the factors that determine the selection of prey, both at intra- and inter-specific levels...
March 2024: Ecology and Evolution
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38491801/construction-of-a-prognostic-model-for-breast-cancer-based-on-moonlighting-genes
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ming Zhang, Dejie Zhang, Qicai Wang, Guoliang Lin
Breast cancer (BRCA) is a highly heterogeneous disease, with significant differences in prognosis among patients. Existing biomarkers and prognostic models have limited ability to predict BRCA prognosis. Moonlighting genes regulate tumor progression and are associated with cancer prognosis. This study aimed to construct a moonlighting gene-based prognostic model for BRCA. We obtained differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in BRCA from The Cancer Genome Atlas and intersected them with moonlighting genes from MoonProt to acquire differential moonlighting genes...
March 16, 2024: Human Molecular Genetics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38485267/pan-cellular-organelles-and-suborganelles-from-common-functions-to-cellular-diversity
#7
REVIEW
Rico Schieweck, Magdalena Götz
Cell diversification is at the base of increasing multicellular organism complexity in phylogeny achieved during ontogeny. However, there are also functions common to all cells, such as cell division, cell migration, translation, endocytosis, exocytosis, etc. Here we revisit the organelles involved in such common functions, reviewing recent evidence of unexpected differences of proteins at these organelles. For instance, centrosomes or mitochondria differ significantly in their protein composition in different, sometimes closely related, cell types...
March 14, 2024: Genes & Development
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38480090/cyclic-nucleotides-the-rise-of-a-family
#8
REVIEW
Mateusz Kwiatkowski, Jinwen Zhang, Wei Zhou, Chris Gehring, Aloysius Wong
Cyclic nucleotides 3',5'-cAMP and 3',5'-cGMP are now established signaling components of the plant cell while their 2',3' positional isomers are increasingly recognized as such. 3',5'-cAMP/cGMP is generated by adenylate cyclases (ACs) or guanylate cyclases (GCs) from ATP or GTP, respectively, whereas 2',3'-cAMP/cGMP is produced through the hydrolysis of double-stranded DNA or RNA by synthetases. Recent evidence suggests that the cyclic nucleotide generating and inactivating enzymes moonlight in proteins with diverse domain architecture operating as molecular tuners to enable dynamic and compartmentalized regulation of cellular signals...
March 12, 2024: Trends in Plant Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38474204/extraribosomal-functions-of-bacterial-ribosomal-proteins-an-update-2023
#9
REVIEW
Leonid V Aseev, Ludmila S Koledinskaya, Irina V Boni
Ribosomal proteins (r-proteins) are abundant, highly conserved, and multifaceted cellular proteins in all domains of life. Most r-proteins have RNA-binding properties and can form protein-protein contacts. Bacterial r-proteins govern the co-transcriptional rRNA folding during ribosome assembly and participate in the formation of the ribosome functional sites, such as the mRNA-binding site, tRNA-binding sites, the peptidyl transferase center, and the protein exit tunnel. In addition to their primary role in a cell as integral components of the protein synthesis machinery, many r-proteins can function beyond the ribosome (the phenomenon known as moonlighting), acting either as individual regulatory proteins or in complexes with various cellular components...
March 3, 2024: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38466806/glycolytic-enzymes-as-vaccines-against-schistosomiasis-testing-schistosoma-mansoni-phosphoglycerate-mutase-in-mice
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
David B Pirovich, Akram A Da'dara, Patrick J Skelly
Schistosomiasis is a globally burdensome parasitic disease caused by flatworms (blood flukes) in the genus Schistosoma. The current standard treatment for schistosomiasis is the drug praziquantel, but there is an urgent need to advance novel interventions such as vaccines. Several glycolytic enzymes have been evaluated as vaccine targets for schistosomiasis, and data from these studies are reviewed here. Although these parasites are canonically considered to be intracellular, proteomic analysis has revealed that many schistosome glycolytic enzymes are additionally found at the host-interactive surface...
March 1, 2024: Journal of Parasitology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38455765/in-the-moonlight-non-catalytic-functions-of-ubiquitin-and-ubiquitin-like-proteases
#11
REVIEW
Marta Campos Alonso, Klaus-Peter Knobeloch
Proteases that cleave ubiquitin or ubiquitin-like proteins (UBLs) are critical players in maintaining the homeostasis of the organism. Concordantly, their dysregulation has been directly linked to various diseases, including cancer, neurodegeneration, developmental aberrations, cardiac disorders and inflammation. Given their potential as novel therapeutic targets, it is essential to fully understand their mechanisms of action. Traditionally, observed effects resulting from deficiencies in deubiquitinases (DUBs) and UBL proteases have often been attributed to the misregulation of substrate modification by ubiquitin or UBLs...
2024: Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38451675/recent-advancements-in-subcellular-proteomics-growing-impact-of-organellar-protein-niches-on-the-understanding-of-cell-biology
#12
REVIEW
Vanya Bhushan, Aleksandra Nita-Lazar
The mammalian cell is a complex entity, with membrane-bound and membrane-less organelles playing vital roles in regulating cellular homeostasis. Organellar protein niches drive discrete biological processes and cell functions, thus maintaining cell equilibrium. Cellular processes such as signaling, growth, proliferation, motility, and programmed cell death require dynamic protein movements between cell compartments. Aberrant protein localization is associated with a wide range of diseases. Therefore, analyzing the subcellular proteome of the cell can provide a comprehensive overview of cellular biology...
March 7, 2024: Journal of Proteome Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38449868/the-nuclear-pore-protein-nup98-impedes-ltr-driven-basal-gene-expression-of-hiv-1-viral-propagation-and-infectivity
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kumaraswami Chintala, Sriram Yandrapally, Warisha Faiz, Chhaya Rani Kispotta, Satarupa Sarkar, Krishnaveni Mishra, Sharmistha Banerjee
Nucleoporins (NUPs) are cellular effectors of human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) replication that support nucleocytoplasmic trafficking of viral components. However, these also non-canonically function as positive effectors, promoting proviral DNA integration into the host genome and viral gene transcription, or as negative effectors by associating with HIV-1 restriction factors, such as MX2, inhibiting the replication of HIV-1. Here, we investigated the regulatory role of NUP98 on HIV-1 as we observed a lowering of its endogenous levels upon HIV-1 infection in CD4+ T cells...
2024: Frontiers in Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38421570/a-method-based-on-a-modified-fluorescence-in-situ-hybridization-fish-approach-for-the-sensing-of-staphylococcus-aureus-from-nasal-samples
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Amtul Jamil Sami, Sehrish Bilal, Sadaf Alam, Madeeha Khalid, Hammad Ahmad Mangat
Staphylococcus aureus is a major source of bacteremia and develops several complications, causing high morbidity and mortality. Rapid identification and detection of these bacteria have become an important issue for biomedical applications. Herein, an optical method based on a modified fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) approach has been established using DNA hybridization technology for the swift detection of pathogenic S. aureus from clinical samples. The platform was constructed with single-stranded genomic DNA and microbial colony by directly immobilizing in agarose-polyvinyl alcohol (AG-PVA) hydrogel on the surface of a glass slide...
February 29, 2024: Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38381731/moonless-night-sky-increases-isistius-species-cookiecutter-shark-and-live-human-contact
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Steven Minaglia, Melodee Liegl
The nocturnal feeding behavior and zoogeographical habitat of cookiecutter sharks Isistius brasiliensis and Isistius plutodus (Isistius spp.) greatly reduces interaction of this species with live humans. Attacks on live humans are exceedingly rare with 7 cases reported worldwide, 6 of them in Hawai'i, and 5 of these occuring among channel swimmers. Published research suggests that periods of bright moonlight may increase Isistius spp. contact with live humans and does not otherwise identify significant trends or risk factors...
2024: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38381206/wildfire-burn-severity-and-stream-chemistry-influence-aquatic-invertebrate-and-riparian-avian-mercury-exposure-in-forested-ecosystems
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Garth Herring, Lora B Tennant, James J Willacker, Matthew Johnson, Rodney B Siegel, Julia S Polasik, Collin A Eagles-Smith
Terrestrial soils in forested landscapes represent some of the largest mercury (Hg) reserves globally. Wildfire can alter the storage and distribution of terrestrial-bound Hg via reemission to the atmosphere or mobilization in watersheds where it may become available for methylation and uptake into food webs. Using data associated with the 2007 Moonlight and Antelope Fires in California, we examined the long-term direct effects of wildfire burn severity on the distribution and magnitude of Hg concentrations in riparian food webs...
February 21, 2024: Ecotoxicology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38375509/14-3-3-proteins-a-moonlight-protein-complex-with-therapeutic-potential-in-neurological-disorder-in-depth-review-with-alzheimer-s-disease
#17
REVIEW
Gholamareza Abdi, Mukul Jain, Nil Patil, Bindiya Upadhyay, Nigam Vyas, Manish Dwivedi, Radhey Shyam Kaushal
Alzheimer's disease (AD) affects millions of people worldwide and is a gradually worsening neurodegenerative condition. The accumulation of abnormal proteins, such as tau and beta-amyloid, in the brain is a hallmark of AD pathology. 14-3-3 proteins have been implicated in AD pathology in several ways. One proposed mechanism is that 14-3-3 proteins interact with tau protein and modulate its phosphorylation, aggregation, and toxicity. Tau is a protein associated with microtubules, playing a role in maintaining the structural integrity of neuronal cytoskeleton...
2024: Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38366815/-carried-away-by-a-moonlight-shadow-in-memoriam-prof-em-dr-med-paul-l-o-broos-1945-2023
#18
REVIEW
Carl DeCrée
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
February 17, 2024: Acta Chirurgica Belgica
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38354250/skp1-proteins-are-structural-components-of-the-synaptonemal-complex-in-c-elegans
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Joshua M Blundon, Brenda I Cesar, Jung Woo Bae, Ivana Čavka, Jocelyn Haversat, Jonas Ries, Simone Köhler, Yumi Kim
The synaptonemal complex (SC) is a zipper-like protein assembly that links homologous chromosomes to regulate recombination and segregation during meiosis. The SC has been notoriously refractory to in vitro reconstitution, thus leaving its molecular organization largely unknown. Here, we report a moonlighting function of two paralogous S-phase kinase-associated protein 1 (Skp1)-related proteins (SKR-1 and SKR-2), well-known adaptors of the Skp1-Cul1-F-box (SCF) ubiquitin ligase, as the key missing components of the SC in Caenorhabditis elegans ...
February 16, 2024: Science Advances
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38352504/proteostatic-remodeling-of-small-heat-shock-chaperones-crystallins-by-ran-binding-protein-2-and-the-peptidyl-prolyl-cis-trans-isomerase-and-chaperone-activities-of-its-cyclophilin-domain
#20
Hemangi Patil, Kyoung-In Cho, Paulo A Ferreira
Disturbances in phase transitions and intracellular partitions of nucleocytoplasmic shuttling substrates promote protein aggregation - a hallmark of neurodegenerative diseases. The modular Ran-binding protein 2 (Ranbp2) is a cytosolic molecular hub for rate-limiting steps of disassembly and phase transitions of Ran-GTP-bound protein ensembles exiting nuclear pores. Chaperones also play central roles in phase transitions and proteostasis by suppressing protein aggregation. Ranbp2 haploinsufficiency promotes the age-dependent neuroprotection of the chorioretina against photo-oxidative stress by proteostatic regulations of Ranbp2 substrates and by countering the build-up of poly-ubiquitylated substrates...
January 30, 2024: bioRxiv
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