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REVIEW
Nicola J Smyllie, Michael H Hastings, Andrew P Patton
Almost every facet of our behavior and physiology varies predictably over the course of day and night, anticipating and adapting us to their associated opportunities and challenges. These rhythms are driven by endogenous biological clocks that, when deprived of environmental cues, can continue to oscillate within a period of approximately 1 day, hence circa - dian . Normally, retinal signals synchronize them to the cycle of light and darkness, but disruption of circadian organization, a common feature of modern lifestyles, carries considerable costs to health...
April 11, 2024: Neuroscientist: a Review Journal Bringing Neurobiology, Neurology and Psychiatry
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Fanyu Zhang, Yilu Li, Lin Liu, Yefen Liu, Pan Wang, Bharat B Biswal
AIM: The effective connectivity between the striatum and cerebral cortex has not been fully investigated in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Our objective was to explore the interaction effects between diagnosis and age on disrupted corticostriatal effective connectivity and to represent the modulation function of altered connectivity pathways in children and adolescents with ADHD. METHODS: We performed Granger causality analysis on 300 participants from a publicly available Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder-200 dataset...
March 5, 2024: Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences
#3
Takaki Akahane, Naomi Takahashi, Ryota Kobayashi, Konoka Nomura, Masakazu Akiho, Yukihiro Shikama, Keisuke Noto, Akihito Suzuki
Recoverin is a neuron-specific calcium-binding protein that is mainly located in the retina and pineal gland. Few reports have described patients with anti-recoverin antibody-positive encephalitis, and no cases of psychosis associated with this encephalitis have been reported. We report a patient with anti-recoverin antibody-positive encephalitis with Cotard and Capgras delusions who was successfully treated with electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). The patient was a 25-year-old woman. She exhibited disorientation, executive function deficits, tremors in the upper limbs, generalized athetoid-like involuntary movements, hallucinations, incontinence, and fever, which led to her admission to our hospital...
2024: Frontiers in Psychiatry
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Paweł Krukow, Adam Domagała, Steven M Silverstein
There is growing evidence of disproportionate retinal thinning in schizophrenia, but doubts are still raised regarding its significance in the context of the neurobiology of the disease. Therefore, we examined whether these abnormalities are significantly associated with neurological soft signs (NSS) which are closely related to the risk of schizophrenia. This cross-sectional study analyzing linear correlations between variables involved 56 schizophrenia inpatients and 60 controls. The results confirmed such relationships, and only in the patient sample...
January 20, 2024: European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ludovic Polli, Pierre Bourguignon, Nicolas Rizzon, Marie Moulard, Michael Bisch, Raymund Schwan, Thomas Schwitzer
BACKGROUND: Alcohol is the most widely consumed addictive substance around the world and have deleterious effect on the central nervous system. Alcohol consumption affect the balance of certain neurotransmitters like GABA, glutamate and dopamine. The retina provides an easy means of investigating dysfunctions of synaptic transmission in the brain. The purpose of this study is to assess the impact of alcohol consumption on retinal function using pattern electroretinogram (PERG) and flash electroretinogram (fERG)...
December 24, 2023: Journal of Psychiatric Research
#6
Hiroshi Komatsu, Goh Onoguchi, Steven M Silverstein, Stefan Jerotic, Atsushi Sakuma, Nobuhisa Kanahara, Yoshihisa Kakuto, Takashi Ono, Takeshi Yabana, Toru Nakazawa, Hiroaki Tomita
INTRODUCTION: Abnormal findings on optical coherence tomography (OCT) and electroretinography (ERG) have been reported in participants with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSDs). This study aims to reveal the pooled standard mean difference (SMD) in retinal parameters on OCT and ERG among participants with SSDs and healthy controls and their association with demographic characteristics, clinical symptoms, smoking, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension. METHODS: Using PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and PSYNDEX, we searched the literature from inception to March 31, 2023, using specific search terms...
December 11, 2023: Molecular Psychiatry
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sema Baykara, Aslı Kazğan, Hakan Yıldırım, Muhammed Fatih Tabara, Halim Ömer Kaşıkcı, Denizhan Danacı Keleş
OBJECTIVE: Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a method that allows high-resolution cross-sectional imaging of biological tissues. It was suggested that changes in the cranial structure or functions would be reflected in the retina. OCT has been an important method in the diagnosis and follow-up of diseases via morphometric or quantitative retinal measurements. Free radicals, inflammatory processes, and neurotransmission disorders play a role in the etiology of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)...
October 23, 2023: International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Renan Vicente, Juliana Bittencourt, Élida Costa, Eduardo Nicoliche, Mariana Gongora, Jessé Di Giacomo, Victor Hugo Bastos, Silmar Teixeira, Marco Orsini, Henning Budde, Mauricio Cagy, Bruna Velasques, Pedro Ribeiro
BACKGROUND: The saccadic eye movement is responsible for providing focus to a visual object of interest to the retina. In sports like volleyball, identifying relevant targets quickly is essential to a masterful performance. The training improves cortical regions underlying saccadic action, enabling more automated processing in athletes. OBJECTIVE: We investigated changes in the latency during the saccadic eye movement and the absolute theta power on the frontal and prefrontal cortices during the execution of the saccadic eye movement task in volleyball athletes and non-athletes...
October 18, 2023: Arquivos de Neuro-psiquiatria
#9
REVIEW
Paul A Constable, Jeremiah K H Lim, Dorothy A Thompson
The retina and brain share similar neurochemistry and neurodevelopmental origins, with the retina, often viewed as a "window to the brain." With retinal measures of structure and function becoming easier to obtain in clinical populations there is a growing interest in using retinal findings as potential biomarkers for disorders affecting the central nervous system. Functional retinal biomarkers, such as the electroretinogram, show promise in neurological disorders, despite having limitations imposed by the existence of overlapping genetic markers, clinical traits or the effects of medications that may reduce their specificity in some conditions...
2023: Frontiers in Neuroscience
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Adam Domagała, Lucyna Domagała, Natalia Kopiś-Posiej, Michał Harciarek, Paweł Krukow
Previous studies evaluating the morphology of the selected retinal layers in schizophrenia showed abnormalities regarding macular thickness, retinal nerve fiber layer (RNLF), and ganglion cell complex (GCC). Concurrently, accumulating neuroimaging results suggest that structural alterations of the brain in this disease might be an effect of accelerated aging. Referring to these findings, we aimed to determine whether the thinning of the retinal layers assessed with the optic coherence tomography (OCT) in a group of schizophrenia patients ( n = 60) presents a significant age-related decrease exceeding potential changes noted in the control group ( n = 61)...
2023: Frontiers in Psychiatry
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Evgenii Sadykov, Ladislav Hosak, Alexandr Stepanov, Jana Zapletalova, Jan Studnicka
BACKGROUND: The aim of our study was to find a possible association between retinal microvascular abnormality and major depression in a non-geriatric population. METHOD: The participants with major depression were hospitalised at the University Hospital in Hradec Kralove, Department of Psychiatry. Retinal images were obtained using a stationary Fundus camera FF450 by Zeiss and a hand-held camera by oDocs. RESULTS: Fifty patients (men n=18, women n=32) aged 16 to 55 (men's average age 33...
July 17, 2023: Biomedical Papers of the Medical Faculty of the University Palacký, Olomouc, Czechoslovakia
#12
REVIEW
Katelyne Tursini, Irving Remy, Steven Le Cam, Valérie Louis-Dorr, Hélène Malka-Mahieu, Raymund Schwan, Grégory Gross, Vincent Laprévote, Thomas Schwitzer
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
2023: Frontiers in Psychiatry
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Marc-André Dubois, Charles-Antoine Pelletier, Chantal Mérette, Valérie Jomphe, Rose Turgeon, Richard E Bélanger, Simon Grondin, Marc Hébert
BACKGROUND: The retina is recognized as an accessible part of the brain due to their common embryonic origin. The electroretinogram (ERG) has proven to be a valuable tool for detecting schizophrenia and bipolarity. We therefore investigated its ability to detect ADHD. METHODS: The cone and rod luminance response functions of the ERG were recorded in 26 ADHD subjects (17 women and 9 men) and 25 controls (16 women and 9 men). RESULTS: No significant differences were found between the mixed groups, but sexual dysmorphia was observed in the significant results...
June 6, 2023: Progress in Neuro-psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Richard Henrik Corr
The observation of the human retina in vivo began in 1851 after the invention of the first ophthalmoscope by the German physicist Hermann von Helmholtz. In the following decades, direct and indirect ophthalmoscopy, with the use of ophthalmoscopes and condensing lenses, respectively, became part of the clinical examination, especially in ophthalmology and neurology. Today, over 170 years later, many ophthalmoscopes and condensing lenses exist on the market. Nevertheless, ophthalmoscopy is still not widely adopted as part of the physical exam of general practitioners, and the teaching of ophthalmoscopy in medical school remains challenging...
May 2023: Arquivos de Neuro-psiquiatria
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rongyi Zhou, Xinyue Xie, Jiaojiao Wang, Bingxiang Ma, Xin Hao
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is associated with severe impairment in social functioning. Visual information processing provides nonverbal cues that support social interactions. ASD children exhibit abnormalities in visual orientation, continuous visual exploration, and visual-spatial perception, causing social dysfunction, and mechanisms underlying these abnormalities remain unclear. Transmission of visual information depends on the retina-lateral geniculate nucleus-visual cortex pathway. In ASD, developmental abnormalities occur in rapid expansion of the visual cortex surface area with constant thickness during early life, causing abnormal transmission of the peak of the visual evoked potential (P100)...
2023: Frontiers in Psychiatry
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lenka Krčmář, Iris Jäger, Emanuel Boudriot, Katharina Hanken, Vanessa Gabriel, Julian Melcher, Nicole Klimas, Fanny Dengl, Susanne Schmoelz, Pauline Pingen, Mattia Campana, Joanna Moussiopoulou, Vladislav Yakimov, Georgios Ioannou, Sven Wichert, Silvia DeJonge, Peter Zill, Boris Papazov, Valéria de Almeida, Sabrina Galinski, Nadja Gabellini, Genc Hasanaj, Matin Mortazavi, Temmuz Karali, Alexandra Hisch, Marcel S Kallweit, Verena J Meisinger, Lisa Löhrs, Karin Neumeier, Stephanie Behrens, Susanne Karch, Benedikt Schworm, Christoph Kern, Siegfried Priglinger, Berend Malchow, Johann Steiner, Alkomiet Hasan, Frank Padberg, Oliver Pogarell, Peter Falkai, Andrea Schmitt, Elias Wagner, Daniel Keeser, Florian J Raabe
INTRODUCTION: Treatment of severe mental illness (SMI) symptoms, especially negative symptoms and cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia, remains a major unmet need. There is good evidence that SMIs have a strong genetic background and are characterized by multiple biological alterations, including disturbed brain circuits and connectivity, dysregulated neuronal excitation-inhibition, disturbed dopaminergic and glutamatergic pathways, and partially dysregulated inflammatory processes...
2023: Frontiers in Psychiatry
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Irving Remy, Florent Bernardin, Fabienne Ligier, Julien Krieg, Louis Maillard, Raymund Schwan, Thomas Schwitzer, Vincent Laprévote
BACKGROUND: Electrophysiological impairments in the magnocellular visual system have been reported among patients with schizophrenia, but previous theories proposed that these deficits may begin in the retina. We therefore sought to evaluate the potential contribution of the retina by comparing retinal and cortical visual electrophysiological impairments between patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls. METHODS: We recruited patients with schizophrenia and age- and sex-matched healthy controls...
2023: Journal of Psychiatry & Neuroscience: JPN
#18
REVIEW
Akash Prasannakumar, Vijay Kumar, Pooja Mailankody, Abhishek Appaji, Rajani Battu, Tos T J M Berendschot, Naren P Rao
OBJECTIVES: Due to the common neurodevelopmental origin and easy accessibility, the retina serves as a surrogate marker for changes in the brain. Hence, Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT), a tool to examine the neuronal layers of retina has gained importance in investigating psychiatric disorders. Several studies in the last decade have reported retinal structural alterations in schizophrenia (SCZ), bipolar disorder (BD), and major depressive disorder (MDD). However, the findings are inconsistent...
October 2023: World Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rümeysa Taşdelen, Batuhan Ayık, Hatice Kaya, Neslihan Sevimli
OBJECTIVE: Retinal structural changes which were investigated by optical coherence tomography (OCT) have been reported in schizophrenia. Since cognitive dysfunction is a core feature of schizophrenia, the correlations between retinal findings and cognitive functions of patients and their healthy siblings may provide insight into the pathophysiological processes of the disorder. We aimed to investigate the relationship between neuropsychiatric tests and retinal changes in schizophrenia patients and their healthy siblings...
March 2023: Psychiatry Investigation
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Siegfried K Wagner, Mario Cortina-Borja, Steven M Silverstein, Yukun Zhou, David Romero-Bascones, Robbert R Struyven, Emanuele Trucco, Muthu R K Mookiah, Tom MacGillivray, Stephen Hogg, Timing Liu, Dominic J Williamson, Nikolas Pontikos, Praveen J Patel, Konstantinos Balaskas, Daniel C Alexander, Kelsey V Stuart, Anthony P Khawaja, Alastair K Denniston, Jugnoo S Rahi, Axel Petzold, Pearse A Keane
IMPORTANCE: The potential association of schizophrenia with distinct retinal changes is of clinical interest but has been challenging to investigate because of a lack of sufficiently large and detailed cohorts. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between retinal biomarkers from multimodal imaging (oculomics) and schizophrenia in a large real-world population. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This cross-sectional analysis used data from a retrospective cohort of 154 830 patients 40 years and older from the AlzEye study, which linked ophthalmic data with hospital admission data across England...
May 1, 2023: JAMA Psychiatry
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