New born screening

Mosquito-borne diseases can pose significant burdens. In many countries, they pose a risk to national economies and the well-being of humans and animals. To mitigate this, mosquito surveillance is crucial to assess the real and potential transmission of mosquito-borne diseases. Between 2020 and 2023, mosquito larvae were collected from both indoor and outdoor breeding sites in urban and rural areas of 4 municipalities of Santiago and Boavista Islands in Cabo Verde. Mosquitoes were identified morphologically and by polymerase chain reaction-based techniques that targeted the mitochondrial cytochrome C oxidase subunit I sequence...

In Chile, edible herbs are mainly grown by small farmers. This type of horticultural crop typically requires intensive management because it is highly susceptible to insects, some of which transmit viruses that severely affect crop yield and quality. In 2019, in coriander plants tested negative for all previously reported viruses, RNA-Seq analysis of one symptomatic plant revealed a plethora of viruses, including one virus known to infect coriander, five viruses never reported in coriander, and a new cytorhabdovirus with a 14,180 nucleotide RNA genome for which the species name Cytorhabdovirus coriandrum was proposed...

Rich endophytic bacterial communities exist in fescue ( Festuca ovina L.) and play an important role in fescue growth, cold tolerance, drought tolerance and antibiotic tolerance. To screen for probiotics carried by fescue seeds, seven varieties were collected from three different regions of China for isolation by the milled seed method and analyzed for diversity and motility, biofilm and antibiotic resistance. A total of 91 bacterial isolates were obtained, and based on morphological characteristics, 36 representative dominant strains were selected for 16S rDNA sequencing analysis...

A lysine-specific demethylase is an enzyme that selectively eliminates methyl groups from lysine residues. KDM5A, also known as JARID1A or RBP2, belongs to the KDM5 Jumonji histone demethylase subfamily. To identify novel molecules that interact with the LSD5A receptor, we created a quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) model. A group of 435 compounds was used in a study of the quantitative relationship between structure and activity to guess the IC50 values for blocking LASD5A. We used a genetic algorithm-multilinear regression-based quantitative structure-activity connection model to forecast the bioactivity (P IC50 ) of 1615 food and drug administration pharmaceuticals from the zinc database with the goal of repurposing clinically used medications...

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the indications for maternal TORCH (Toxoplasma gondii, rubella, cytomegalovirus (CMV), and herpes simplex virus (HSV)) serology, with a focus on the yield in isolated fetal growth restriction (FGR). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective review of antenatal TORCH testing between January 2014 and December 2018 was carried out at two hospitals in Melbourne, Australia. TORCH testing ordered for pregnancy losses and stillbirth was excluded...

Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) are a class of toxins produced by Clostridium botulinum ( C. botulinum ) and other species of Clostridia . BoNT/X is a putative novel botulinum neurotoxin identified through genome sequencing and capable of SNARE cleavage, but its neurotoxic potential in humans and vertebrates remained unclear. The C. botulinum strain producing BoNT/X, Strain 111, encodes both a plasmid-borne bont/b2 as well as the chromosomal putative bont/x . This study utilized C. botulinum Strain 111 from Japan as well as recombinantly produced full-length BoNT/X to more fully analyze this putative pathogenic toxin...

Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) are characterized by a variety of symptoms that are frequently age-dependent, chronic, or recurrent and are not explained by structural or biochemical abnormalities. There are studies in the literature reporting different results regarding the relationship between prematurity and FGIDs. The main objective of this study was to compare the frequency of FGIDs between preterm and term infants. The secondary objective was to evaluate whether there was any association between neonatal characteristics and development of FGIDs...

UNLABELLED: Pleuropulmonary blastoma (PPB) is the most common pediatric malignant primary lung tumor. It's associated with the DICER1 gene pathogenic germline variants. Antenatal presentation is infrequent and poses a challenge in the differential diagnosis of congenital pulmonary airway malformation (CPAM). OBJECTIVE: to report a case of unusual presentation of PPB associated with DICER1 syndrome and to describe the difficulty in differentiating it from CPAM. CLINICAL CASE: Male patient with prenatal diagnosis of hypervascular left lung lesion, with mediastinal shift and progressive growth, initially interpreted as CPAM...

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BACKGROUND: Neonatal pulse oximetry screening (POS) algorithms for critical congenital heart disease (CCHD) have contributed towards decreasing neonatal mortality but cannot be applied at high altitudes. New POS algorithms at high altitudes are needed. METHODS: This observational, prospective study included newborns born at different altitudes from 0 to 4380 meters above the sea level in Peru. Healthy newborns underwent neonatal preductal and postductal oximetry, echocardiography and telephonic follow-up up to 12 months of age...

Robust tick surveillance enhances diagnosis and prevention of tick-borne pathogens, yet surveillance efforts in the United States are highly uneven, resulting in large surveillance vacuums, one of which spans the state of New Mexico. As part of a larger effort to fill this vacuum, we conducted both active and passive tick sampling in New Mexico, focusing on the southern portion of the state. We conducted active tick sampling using dragging and CO₂ trapping at 45 sites across Hidalgo, Doña Ana, Otero, and Eddy counties between June 2021 to May 2022...

Environmental changes are affecting human health. A renewal of the way we understand and relate to the planet is needed. Ecospirituality brings together the terms spirituality and environment and is born as a means of solution to this dilemma. This systematic review aimed to find out the influence of ecospirituality on global health. A search of scientific literature was carried out in the main health science databases. A review was conducted to critically evaluate the studies that identified relevant ecospiritual aspects regarding health care for communities...

BACKGROUND OBJECTIVES: The battle against malaria has witnessed remarkable progress in recent years, characterized by increased funding, the development of life-saving tools, and a significant reduction in disease prevalence. Yet, the formidable challenge of drug resistance persists, threatening to undo these gains. METHODS: To tackle this issue, it is imperative to identify new effective drug candidates against the malaria parasite and exhibit minimal toxicity...

BACKGROUND: The emergence of diseases of public health concern is enhanced by factors associated with global change, such as the introduction of invasive species. The Asian tiger mosquito (Aedes albopictus), considered a competent vector of different viruses and parasites, has been successfully introduced into Europe in recent decades. Molecular screening of parasites in mosquitoes (i.e. molecular xenomonitoring) is essential to understand the potential role of different native and invasive mosquito species in the local circulation of vector-borne parasites affecting both humans and wildlife...

The winter tick, Dermacentor albipictus (Ixodidae), commonly infests a wide variety of wild and domestic ungulates throughout North America. This one-host-tick infests animals from October to April, with moose ( Alces alces ) particularly affected. Animals highly infested may present with anemia, tick-induced alopecia, and alterations in thermoregulation, often resulting in death . Mortality from winter tick infestation has been reported in free-ranging woodland caribou ( Rangifer tarandus caribou ) and captive reindeer in Alberta, Canada...

PIM2, part of the PIM kinase family along with PIM1 and PIM3, is often overexpressed in hematologic cancers, fueling tumor growth. Despite its significance, there are no approved drugs targeting it. In response to this challenge, we devised a thorough virtual screening workflow for discovering novel PIM2 inhibitors. Our process includes molecular docking and diverse scoring methods like molecular mechanics generalized born surface area, XGBOOST, and DeepDock to rank potential inhibitors by binding affinities and interaction potential...

Hearing loss is the most common sensory deficit and one of the most common congenital abnormalities. The estimated prevalence of moderate and severe hearing loss in a normal newborn is 0.1-0.3%, while the prevalence is 2-4% in newborns admitted to the newborn intensive care unit. Therefore, early detection and prompt treatment are of utmost importance in preventing the unwanted sequel of hearing loss on normal language development. The problem of congenital deafness is today addressed on the one hand with hearing screening at birth, on the other with the early (at around 3 months of age) application of hearing aids or, in case of lack of benefit, by the cochlear implant...

The recent introduction of polygenic risk scores within preimplantation genetic testing (PGT-P) has been met with many concerns. To get more insights into the perspectives of relevant stakeholders on the socio-ethical aspects of PGT-P, an interview study with 31 healthcare professionals involved in reproductive medicine and genetics in Europe and North-America was performed. Healthcare professionals in our study were concerned that PGT-P was going too far in terms of selection, with regards to both medical conditions and non-medical traits...

BACKGROUND OBJECTIVES: Vector-borne infectious diseases contribute significantly to global mortality, with over 700,000 annual deaths, and malaria alone accounts for more than 400,000 of these fatalities. Anopheles gambiae, a prominent mosquito species, serves as a primary vector for transmitting malaria to humans. To address this issue, researchers have identified the D1-like dopamine receptor (DAR), specifically DOP2, as a promising target for developing new insecticides. METHODS: The three-dimensional structure of DOP2 from A...

Prostate cancer (PC) is a prevalent type of cancer among men. Delaying the treatment of patients with upgraded or upstaged cancer may lead to unmanageable circumstances. The aim of this study is to contribute to the finding of biomarkers that are specific to PC and identify drug candidates derived from plants. The information about cancer is critical for clinicians to make decisions about patient treatment in the era of precision medicine. Advances in genomics technology have opened up new possibilities for identifying genes that are associated with cancer, including PC...