Chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia

Drug-induced liver failure is a relatively uncommon condition with a vast spectrum of clinical manifestations, and it is a leading cause of acute hepatic failure in the United States. We describe the first case of fulminant hepatic failure induced by chemotherapeutic drug daratumumab, a common FDA-approved agent. A 77-year-old male, with a history of multiple myeloma, was admitted for left lower extremity cellulitis, two weeks after receiving his first intravenous infusion of daratumumab. He developed fulminant hepatic failure in the hospital a few days later...

The vaccines developed to prevent infection and mitigate morbidity and mortality in patients with COVID-19 demonstrated high efficacy in clinical trials but were associated with adverse events, most of which were mild and transient. However, some adverse events were rather serious, with grave prognoses. Of note, a few cases of autoimmune hematological conditions such as thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP), immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), and vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT) were reported...

In this report, we present the case of vanishing bile duct syndrome in the setting of classical Hodgkin lymphoma. Vanishing bile duct syndrome was diagnosed retrospectively in this patient with Hodgkin lymphoma, who initially presented with a hepatic abnormality presumed to be drug induced. Vanishing bile duct syndrome is characterized by the disappearance of bile ducts, with the progressive damage resulting in cholestasis. Thus, nivolumab therapy was initiated for Hodgkin lymphoma, in place of the standard ABVD (Doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine, dacarbazine) regimen, which resulted in autoimmune hemolytic anemia...

BACKGROUND: The presence of T cells and suppressive myeloid cells in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) correlate with good and bad clinical outcome, respectively. This suggests that EOC may be sensitive to adoptive cell therapy with autologous tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL), provided that immunosuppression by myeloid-derived suppressor cells and M2 macrophages is reduced. Platinum-based chemotherapy can alleviate such immunosuppression, potentially creating a window of opportunity for T cell-based immunotherapy...

BACKGROUND: Platelet transfusion is of great significance in the treatment of thrombocytopenia caused by myelosuppression during intensive chemotherapy in patients with acute leukemia. In recent years, with platelet transfusion increasing, ineffective platelet transfusion has become increasingly prominent. Generally speaking, platelet antibodies can be produced after repeated transfusion, thus rendering subsequent platelet transfusion ineffective. We report a case of first platelet transfusion refractoriness (PTR) in a patient with acute myelocytic leukemia (AML)...

Chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia (CIT) is a common complication of antineoplastic therapy, resulting in antineoplastic therapy dose reductions, treatment delays, treatment discontinuation, and morbid bleeding events. Despite several decades of research into thrombopoietic growth factors in CIT, there are presently no available U.S. FDA- or EMA-approved agents to treat CIT. However, a respectable body of evidence has been published evaluating the thrombopoietin receptor agonists (TPO-RAs) for the management and prevention of CIT in patients with solid tumors, and critical studies are ongoing with the TPO-RAs romiplostim and avatrombopag...

Obinutuzumab is a third-generation anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody widely used in the treatment of B-lymphoproliferative disorders but infrequently associated with severe thrombocytopenia, which can be life-threatening. The pathophysiology is unclear, but platelet clearance can be extremely rapid (usually within 24 h). In a retrospective case series, we have identified four cases among 149 recipients of obinutuzumab-containing chemotherapy regimens between 2015 and 2022 treated for haematological malignancies in Canberra, Australia (frequency 2...

Thrombocytopenia is a common adverse effect of chemotherapy. The development of chemotherapy induced thrombocytopenia (CIT) is influenced by cancer type and therapy, occurring in approximately one-third of patients with a solid tumor diagnosis and half of all patients with a hematologic malignancy. CIT may complicate the administration of chemotherapy leading to therapeutic delays or dose reductions. This guidance document, presented by the ISTH Subcommittee on Hemostasis and Malignancy, provides a comprehensive summary of the evidence and offers direction on the use of thrombopoietin receptor agonists (TPO-RAs) in various settings of CIT, including solid tumors, acute myeloid leukemia, stem cell transplant, and lymphoma...

PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S): With the success of immunotherapy in advanced esophageal cancer, neoadjuvant chemo-immunotherapy (CIT) is being increasingly used for local staged esophageal cancer, especially in the context of clinical trials, which brings similar pCR with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and shows promising results. However, there is still a part of potentially operable patients can't undergo surgery after neoadjuvant chemo-immunotherapy. The follow-up treatment and prognosis of this population remain unclear...

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a life-threatening disease potentially induced by various causes. Very few reports have described HLH induced by granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and those few previous reports have uniformly indicated that continuing G-CSF is unfeasible once HLH has been induced. A 52-year-old Japanese man who had been diagnosed with mantle cell lymphoma with systemic and central nervous system involvements received rituximab, hyper-fractionated cyclophosphamide, vincristine, Adriamycin and dexamethasone (R-HCVAD)/methotrexate and cytarabine...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Shenqi Fuzheng Injection (SFI) combined with platinum-based chemotherapy (PBC) for the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS: Seven electronic databases, including CNKI and Wanfang, were comprehensively searched to screen randomized controlled trials (RCTs) until May 1, 2022. The quality of each trial was evaluated according to the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions, and systematic reviews were conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines...

Patients with thrombocytopenia may report easy bruising, abnormal bleeding, and fatigue. Drug-induced thrombocytopenia has been reported with a variety of medications, most commonly heparin products, sulphonamides, carbamazepine, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, anti-epileptic drugs, and chemotherapy. We present the case of a 58-year-old female with severe thrombocytopenia attributed to a calcium channel blocker (CCB) overdose, a very rare cause of thrombocytopenia. We discuss the diagnostic work-up and management in the intensive care unit and perform a literature review...

Cancer treatment-induced thrombocytopenia (CTIT) is a common adverse event during anti-tumor treatment, of which incidence is related to tumor classification, regimens, course of chemotherapy, etc. CTIT may result in a series of events including bleeding, dose intensity reduction, chemotherapy delay, and in severe cases, even the need for platelet transfusion, ultimately affecting the implementation of treatment plan, increasing the cost of treatment, reducing treatment effect and quality of life, and leading to a poor prognosis...

Introduction: Elemene injection and oral emulsion, known as elemene, have been utilized have been used in adjuvant therapy for cancer patients in China for more than 20 years. In order to evaluate the efficacy and potential risks of the treatments in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy, a system review and meta-analysis were conducted. Additionally, the factors that may influence the outcomes were also explored. Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted across various databases including PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, EMBASE, CKNI, Wan Fang, and VIP databases...

The aim of our study was to evaluate the association between increased splenic volume (SV) and liver fibrosis indices in colon cancer patients receiving oxaliplatin-based adjuvant chemotherapy. Patients who received adjuvant oxaliplatin-based regimens with the diagnosis of stage II and III colon cancer were evaluated. Splenic volume measurements, liver function tests, platelet count, and non-invasive liver fibrosis indices [NAFLD fibrosis score (NFS), AST to platelet ratio (APRI), and Fibrosis-4 (FIB-4)] were measured before and after treatment...

UNLABELLED: Central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma is a rare and aggressive primary neoplasm that comprises a small proportion of brain tumours and non-Hodgkin lymphomas. We present a case report of a 64-year-old woman with CNS lymphoma, who exhibited cognitive changes, weight loss and neurological symptoms. Imaging scans revealed multiple lesions in the brain and thrombosis in the venous sinuses. A diagnosis of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the CNS was confirmed through histological examination...

Double minute chromosomes (dmin) are small, acentric, and extrachromosomal fragments that frequently mediate oncogene amplification and induce rapid disease progression with poor prognosis, although they are infrequent in myeloid neoplasms. An 81-year-old woman with anemia and thrombocytopenia was admitted to our hospital. Bone marrow examination showed 54.0% of the blasts. She was diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia (French-American-British classification, M2; World Health Organization classification, acute myeloid leukemia [AML], not otherwise specified, AML with maturation)...

[This retracts the article DOI: 10.1155/2022/2256690.].

BACKGROUND: To explore the hematological toxicity (HT) induced by neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) compared with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (nCT) and to identify the appropriate vertebral body (VB) dosimetric parameters for predicting HT in patients with locally advanced gastric cancer (GC). METHODS: In the phase III study, 302 patients with GC from an ongoing multi-center randomized clinical trial (NCT01815853) were included. Patients from two major centers were grouped into training and external validation cohorts...

PURPOSE: The safety of reintroducing chemotherapy in the pediatric renal tumor setting after severe hepatopathy (SH), including sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (SOS), is uncertain. We describe the incidence, severity, outcomes, and impact on subsequent treatment for patients with SH from National Wilms Tumor Study (NWTS) protocols 3-5. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Archived charts for patients enrolled on NWTS 3-5 who met study inclusion criteria for SH by using established hepatopathy grading scales and clinical criteria were reviewed for demographics, tumor characteristics, radio- and chemotherapy details, SH-related dose modifications, and oncologic outcomes...