Ceasarean section

OBJECTIVE: Summary of the impact of Caesarean section on anal incontinence. DESIGN: Review. SETTING: Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Charles University and University Hospital Plzen. SUMMARY: Review of the current international literature. Currently, Caesarean section is not considered to reduce symptoms of anal incontinence. If there is any reduction of symptoms, that remains only for a short term (40% in 3 months after the delivery in the largest trial)...

Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) represents a rare complication mainly in the second trimester and can, in its early stage, mimic HELLP syndrome. At 38 weeks of gestation, a 40-year-old primigravida with elevated blood pressure, thrombocytopenia and elevated liver enzymes was diagnosed with HELLP syndrome. Despite a Ceasarean section her laboratory parameters remained pathological with severe thrombocytopenia and hemolysis. In addition, the patient developed neurological comatose-like symptoms. The diagnosis of TTP was made after further tests revealed fragmented red cells in the blood, autoantibodies against ADAMTS13 and a nearly total loss of ADAMST13 plasma activity...

OBJECTIVES: Recent studies suggest the essential role of different cytokines realised from adipose tissue in pathogenesis of gestational diabetes. The aim of the study was evaluation of adiponectin (diabetes development protective factor) and TNFalpha (one of the most important insulin resistance mediator) genes expression in maternal visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue as well as placental tissue. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study group consists of patients with gestational diabetes, healthy pregnant glucose tolerant women represented the control group...

Chilaïditi's syndrome is the association of a radiological and clinical semiology of the interposition of large colon or small intestine between the lower side of diaphragm and liver. We report the case of a 32-year-old woman, primigravida, who undergone a caesarean section at 39 weeks of amenorrhoea, for a clinical picture of persistent abdominal pain and a beginning hepatic cytolysis. The patient presented one day after the ceasarean section an occlusive syndrome of the small intestine. The etiology of the occlusion of the small intestine in post-partum was a Chilaïditi's syndrome with inter hepatodiaphragmatic incarceration of the small intestine discovered at the computed tomography...

OBJECTIVE: to evaluate the socio-cultural determinants of the delay in having the first pre-natal exam (CPN) in order to make recommendations which aim to reduce maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality in the Richard-Toll health district in Senegal. METHOD: the study was cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical, and was conducted on the entire population of pregnant women who came in for a CPN between March 1st and April 30th, 2003. A questionnaire which was developed on the basis of studied variables steered the interview process which was carried out upon completion of each pregnant woman's CPN in 15 different health facilities...

The aim of this study was to compare the differences in the total antioxidant levels in the cord blood after a normal vaginal delivery and after an elective caesarean section. This was a prospective study approved by the Wirral Hospital ethical research committee. The study was carried out in a district general hospital. We investigated 96 healthy pregnant women who had normal antenatal period with singleton pregnancies between 37 and 42 completed weeks of gestation. Sixty-five women had a spontaneous normal vaginal delivery and 31 underwent elective caesarean section...

OBJECTIVE: To compare vaginal misoprostol with dinoprostone for induction of labour. DESIGN: Randomised multicentre trial. SETTING: Labour wards of one university hospital and two teaching hospitals. POPULATION: Six hundred and eighty-one women with indication for labour induction at >or=36 weeks of gestation, singleton pregnancy and no previous ceasarean section. METHODS: Misoprostol (25 mcg, hospital-prepared capsule) in the posterior vaginal fornix, every four hours, maximum three times daily or dinoprostone gel (1 mg) every four hours...

OBJECTIVE: The aim of our study is to determine the relative risk of cesarean section at term induced by medical, organizational and personal factors in a regional healthcare network. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Our retrospective study covered all 17,062 full-term births, not including pre-birth transfers, in the 20 maternity hospitals of Burgundy in 2001. Statistical analysis was performed on the data collected, which was exhaustive and validated for all 18,278 births of our perinatal network...

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the analgesic effect and obstetric outcome after single-shot intrathecal sufentanil with bupivacaine in late labour. STUDY DESIGN: Forty multiparous women in advanced labour were given a spinal injection of sufentanil 7.5 microg and bupivacaine 2 mg. Pain intensity was recorded by the parturient on a visual analogue scale. The quality of pain relief was also rated with a verbal score directly after delivery. Side effects, such as hypotension, pruritus, sedation, nausea and motor block were noted...

Annatto, a dye extracted from Bixa orellana seeds, is used as a color additive in butter, cheese and in a variety of other foods as well as in drugs and cosmetics. Toxicological data on annatto and on its main carotenoid pigment bixin are still scarce. In this study we evaluated the developmental toxicity of annatto (28% of bixin). Annatto (0, 31.2, 62.5, 125, 250 and 500 mg/kg body weight/day) was given by gavage to Wistar rats on days 6-15 of pregnancy. Ceasarean sections were performed on day 21. Implantations, living and dead fetuses and resorptions were recorded...

Increasing ceasarean section rates are a world wide concern in obstetrics. One of the latest contributing factors is the elective caesarean section in uncomplicated singleton pregnancy at term. The preference for this mode of delivery was primarily brought forward by obstetric practitioners (Al Mufty, McCarthy, Fisk 1996). A questionnaire, which mainly aimed to ask germanspeaking midwifes in Austria, Germany and Switzerland about their personal choice of delivery mode, was included in one of the issues of the German-language midwifery journal "Die Hebamme"...

A case of a multiple pregnancy in each of the horns of a double uterus with a double cervix and a vaginal septum is discussed. The uterine malformation was known prior to pregnancy. In 34 g. w. a Ceasarean section was performed because of premature rupture of membranes. Two premature infants were born with no evidence of present pathology.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

In the year 1581, François Rousset, a Parisian physician published "L'hystérotomotokie ou enfantement césarien ...", suggesting for the first time a "laparotomy" with hysterotomy in the parturiant who could not be confined in the ordinary way, this of course being done in the last resort. This surgical intervention was not usually performed until then before the woman's death. Rousset is the man who gave this operation the name Caesarean section in memory of the supposed birth of Caesar. In support of this proposal, he gathered ten observations, six of them in which he personally took part in without operating himself, as he was not a surgeon...

A prospective randomised controlled trial was performed to compare the efficacy and safety of intravaginal misoprostol to that of intravaginal dinoprostone when used for cervical priming prior to the induction of labour; 126 women were recruited to the study and randomised to receive either intravaginal dinoprostone (n = 63) or misoprostol (n = 63) for cervical priming prior to induction of labour. The mean time from insertion of the priming agent to vaginal delivery was significantly shorter in the misoprostol group (925...

A very rare case is presented of a giant teratoma malignum of the sacrococcygeal area in a fetus which caused obstetric difficulties. Attention in called to the necessity of differentiating such teratoma from other tumors in the region of the body, which is important for the decision concerning further prognosis and the time and mode of pregnancy termination. Good prognosis in cases of teratoma in this area suggests termination of pregnancy by ceasarean section. The newborn with teratoma was referred on the second day of life to surgical department where the tumour was removed radically without damaging the nearly organs...

BACKGROUND: Fetal replacement into the uterus for ceasarean delivery after failed vaginal delivery has been reported for both vertex and breech presentations. Although an option, this mode of delivery frequently is the last maneuver to deliver a viable infant after other methods to allow vaginal delivery have failed. We report the adjunctive use of a vacuum extractor to facilitate abdominal rescue after entrapment of the aftercoming head during an attempted vaginal breech delivery. CASE: A multiparous woman presented at term with two fetal feet bulging through the membranes at the introitus...

Combined spinal epidural (CSE) analgesia for labour is usually performed with sufentanil (or fentanyl) which provides powerful and fast onset pain relief (< or = 5 min). Dose reduction of sufentanil from 10 to 5 micrograms may be recommended and has little influence on the 1.5-2 hours of analgesia usually obtained. This mean duration of action may be prolonged by half an hour with the addition of a low dose of bupivacaine (< or = 2.5 mg). CSE analgesia using this association has an elective indication when labour is advanced (cervical dilation > or = 6 cm) because intrathecal sufentanil alone becomes insufficient at this stage and standard epidural analgesia has the drawback of delayed onset...

OBJECTIVE: The authors determined the effects of dopamine and dobutamine on organ blood flow in newborn piglets. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: Although the hemodynamic effects of dopamine and dobutamine are well described in adults, little is known of their consequences in neonates, and their impact on organ perfusion in premature infants is unclear. METHODS: Cannulae were placed in the femoral vessels and left atrium of term (1-14 days old) and prematurely delivered (Ceasarean section at 90% of term gestation) piglets...

A case report concerning paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria is presented. The role of hemorheologic factors in perfusion of the placenta is clearly demonstrated. Fetal monitoring and the application of hypervolemic hemodilution enabled prolongation of the pregnancy until a healthy neonate could be delivered by Ceasarean section at the 34th week of gestation.