neonatal jaundice and sepsis

We illustrate a case of giant placental chorioangioma presenting at 20 weeks of gestation. Subsequent monitoring revealed enlargement of the lesion, associated with fetal anemia and cardiac failure, prompting in utero intervention. Amnioreduction followed by percutaneous embolization of the tumour with enbucrilate:Lipiodol Ultra-Fluid™ at a dilution of 1:5 was successfully performed. No repeat intervention or additional supportive measures were required throughout pregnancy and the baby was delivered at 36 weeks of gestation, following spontaneous labour...

Two main forms of osteopetrosis are recognized, a severe autosomal recessive form (MIM 259700) with an incidence of approximately 1 in 250,000 births and a mild autosomal dominant form (MIM166600) with an incidence of 1 in 20,000 births. Intrinsic disturbances of osteoclastic function due to mutations in genes encoding osteoclast-specific subunits of the vacuolar proton pump (TCIRG1, CLCN7) are found in most patients with recessive form. Mutations of CLCN7 are observed in dominant form of osteopetrosis .The recessive form of ostreopetrosis, i...

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of mosapride combined with probiotics on gastrointestinal function and growth and development in premature infants. A total of 240 premature infants treated at Weifang People's Hospital between June 2012 and May 2015 who matched our criteria were randomly divided into three groups of 80 cases each. Group A received routine treatment, group B received routine treatment combined with live B. subtilis and E. faecium granules with multivitamins (Medilac-Vita), and group C received routine treatment and Saccharomyces boulardii sachets (Bioflor)...

Tocompare maternal and neonatal complications in twin and triplet gestations at King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Methods: Retrospective medical records of 165 women with 144 twin and 21 triplet pregnancies from 2004 to 2011 were analyzed. Comparisons were carried out for maternal complications, gestational age at birth, neonatal birth weight, and neonatal intensive care admission. Results: Most common complications were preterm birth (49%), gestational diabetes mellitus (13.3%), and premature rupture of membrane (4...

This case report presents a newborn boy with hypoglycaemia, anaemia, jaundice and severe coagulopathy during the first day of his life, imitating sepsis and disseminated intravascular coagulation. One week after the birth he was diagnosed with acute liver failure due to gestational alloimmune liver disease (GALD). Despite the fact that GALD is rare, it must be suspected in all unexplained stillborn children and infants with severe liver disease. If diagnosed, it is possible to prevent death and severe liver failure in future newborns by treating the affected women with immunoglobulin during pregnancy...

BACKGROUND: The World Health Organization recommends benzylpenicillin and gentamicin as antimicrobial treatment of infants with sepsis in low income settings (LICs), and ceftriaxone or cefotaxime as an alternative. In a meta-analysis from 13 LICs, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella spp. and E.coli accounted for 55% of infants with sepsis. In a review of bacterial meningitis, resistance to third generation cephalosporins was >50% of all isolates, and 44% of Gram-negative isolates were gentamicin resistant...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the role of serum apelin as a diagnostic tool in retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) disease. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Thirty-eight preterm infants (60% male) with gestational age ranging from 30 to 36 weeks admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit, KJO Hospital, Saudi Arabia with proven diagnosis of ROP were included in the study. In addition, 27 preterm infants without ROP served as controls. All newborn infants in the study were subjected to adequate history taking, full clinical examination, and fundus examination by indirect ophthalmoscope (at 4-6 weeks) as well as determination of serum apelin at birth and at 4-6 weeks of age...

INTRODUCTION: Enteroviruses (EV) are a common cause of neonatal sepsis especially at the junction of summer and fall. AIM: This study was planned to find the frequency of Enteroviral (EV) sepsis among neonates with clinical sepsis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a prospective descriptive study. Rectal and pharyngeal swab samples were taken from all neonates with clinical sepsis and a control group of neonates with simple jaundice. EV was confirmed by both cell culture and RT-PCR...

Congenital tuberculosis (TB) is a rare disease that is associated with high mortality. Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent, may be transmitted from the infected mother to the fetus by the transplacental route or by aspiration of infected amniotic fluid. Clinical symptoms and signs are not specific. Miliary patterns are the most common findings in the chest X-rays of many infants with congenital TB. In this case, an 18-day-old boy had jaundice on the fifth day of birth, and fever and respiratory distress appeared on the 18th day...

BACKGROUND: Neonatal cholestasis syndrome (NCS) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in infants. The disorder has rarely been studied in centers from Central India. OBJECTIVES: To study the prevalence, clinical presentation and etiology of NCS at a tertiary referral center in Central India. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was carried out at a tertiary referral center in Central India. The study is a descriptive study. The records of all patients with suspected NCS treated in the Department of Pediatrics from 2007-2012 were analyzed...

BACKGROUND: Malaria is an important cause of death and illness in children worldwide. Most cases of neonatal malaria are misdiagnosed because of the lack of specific symptoms and a general lack of awareness. Nothing much is known in literature about the haematological changes during malaria infection and outcome of disease in neonates. Neonatal malaria is an underdiagnosed entity. So this hospital based observational study aims to assess diagnostic features of neonatal malaria. METHODS: From August 2004 to August 2013, information of all slide positive for malaria cases aged 0 to 28 days admitted to our pediatric hospital was collected and analysed...

AIM: To present a case of an extremely premature infant and the role that the specialist neonatal pharmacist has on the quality of care of these patients. METHOD: Interventions and recommendations made by the pharmacists over the admission of a triplet born at 23 weeks and 5 days gestation were recorded. The type of interventions were categorised and classified for risk using a consequence/probability matrix.1 RESULTS: The patient required admission to the intensive care unit and subsequently the special care unit for a period of 163 days before discharge home...

Background. Severe hyperbilirubinaemia requiring exchange transfusion has become less common in recent years; however, kernicterus still occurs. The aim of this study was to review babies undergoing exchange transfusion for severe hyperbilirubinaemia in a Johannesburg hospital. Methodology. This was a retrospective review of babies who required exchange transfusion in both the neonatal and the paediatric wards from June 1, 2006, to December 31, 2011. Results. There were 64 patients who underwent 67 exchange transfusions...

BACKGROUND: A novel filtered-sunlight phototherapy (FSPT) device has been demonstrated to be safe and efficacious for treating infants with neonatal jaundice in resource-constrained tropical settings. We set out to provide baseline data for evaluating the clinical impact of this device in a referral pediatric hospital. METHODS: We reviewed the medical records of infants admitted for neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in an inner-city Children's Hospital in Lagos, between January 2012 and December 2014 to determine the pattern, treatment and outcomes during the pre-intervention period...

Low birth weight (LBW) remains an important cause of newborn morbidity and mortality. A hospital based prospective and descriptive study was conducted at Paediatric wards, Nursery, Neonatal intensive unit (NICU) and Post natal ward during period of June to October 2010 to note the clinico-epidemiological profile of Low Birth Weight (LBW) newborns. Incidence of the LBW babies in our hospital was 14.45%; more than four fifth (82.2%) baby's mothers were primigravida. Eighty two percent mothers had unbooked pregnancies...

INTRODUCTION: The morbidity and mortality pattern in late preterm infants is higher than term infants (gestational age ≥ 37weeks). The main reason behind that is the relative physiologic and metabolic immaturity, though there is no significant difference in the weight or the size of the two groups. AIM: The present study was undertaken to study the incidence, early neonatal morbidity and mortality (within first 7 days of life) in late preterm infants (34 - 36 6/7 weeks)...

BACKGROUND: Hearing impairment, as one of the most common birth defects, is a hidden disability with negative impacts on speech and cognitive development. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) and determine the associated risk factors among infants admitted to neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) and neonatal wards of teaching hospitals, affiliated to Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran...

Hyperbilirubinemia is a common problem in neonates and causes serious complications. Thus, serial measurements of bilirubin should be done. This assessment is done through two methods of laboratory measurement in serum sample and transcutaneous bilirubinometer. This descriptive study compared transcutaneous bilirubin assessment and laboratory serum bilirubin. Bilirubin level was assessed among 256 neonates admitted to the Qods Children's Hospital in Qazvin- Iran, because of neonatal indirect jaundice, through two methods of transcutaneous bilirubinometery from two sites of forehead and sternum and laboratory measurement of bilirubin in serum...

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to determine the epidemiological characteristics of bacterial meningitis observed in neonates born in the Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Clinical Centre Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina, admitted to Intensive care unit (NICU) or readmitted, because of suspected infection, after discharge from the nursery. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: This study was carried out from July 1, 2012 to June 30, 2013. During this period 4136 neonates were born...

BACKGROUND: An exchange transfusion involves replacing patient's blood with donor blood in order to remove abnormal blood components and circulating toxins while maintaining adequate circulating blood volume. OBJECTIVE: To observe the incidence, causes of jaundice requiring Exchange and any adverse event of exchange transfusion in newborns with unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia. METHOD: Prospective study undertaken at Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) of Manipal Teaching Hospital, Pokhara, Nepal from March 2014 to April 2015...