keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536775/inflammatory-biomarker-based-clinical-practice-in-patients-with-pneumonia-a-systematic-review-of-randomized-controlled-trials
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dimitrios Dimitropoulos, Michalis Karmpadakis, Themistoklis Paraskevas, Christos Michailides, Maria Lagadinou, Christina Platanaki, Charalampos Pierrakos, Dimitrios Velissaris
UNLABELLED: Objectives: Biomarker-based clinical practice is currently gaining ground and increasingly affects decision making. A variety of biomarkers have been studied through the years and some of them have already an established role in modern medicine, such as procalcitonin (PCT) which has been proposed to reduce antibiotic exposure. We purposed to systematically review all biomarkers examined for guiding the clinical practice in patients with pneumonia. METHODS: A systematic review on PubMed was performed on April 2023 by two independent researchers using the PRISMA guidelines...
March 27, 2024: Romanian Journal of Internal Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534666/rapid-phenotypic-antibiotic-susceptibility-profiling-of-clinical-escherichia-coli-and-klebsiella-pneumoniae-blood-cultures
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Idan Hefetz, Rita Bardenstein, Shahar Rotem, Galia Zaide, Gal Bilinsky, Ohad Shifman, Oren Zimhony, Ronit Aloni-Grinstein
Bloodstream infections (BSI) are defined by the presence of viable bacteria or fungi, accompanied by systemic signs of infection. Choosing empirical therapy based solely on patient risk factors and prior antibiotic susceptibility test (AST) may lead to either ineffective treatment or unnecessarily broad-spectrum antibiotic exposure. In general, Clinical & Laboratory Standards Institute guideline-approved ASTs have a turnaround time of 48-72 h from sample to answer, a period that may result in a critical delay in the appropriate selection of therapy...
February 29, 2024: Antibiotics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534652/decline-in-esbl-production-and-carbapenem-resistance-in-urinary-tract-infections-among-key-bacterial-species-during-the-covid-19-pandemic
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ibraheem Altamimi, Khalifa Binkhamis, Abdullah Alhumimidi, Ibrahim M Alabdulkarim, Abdulrahman Almugren, Hadi Alhemsi, Abdulaziz Altamimi, Abeer Almazyed, Seham Elbih, Razan Alghunaim, Abdullah Altamimi
The COVID-19 pandemic has led to significant changes in healthcare practices, including increased antibiotic usage. This study aimed to investigate the impact of the pandemic on the prevalence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) production and carbapenem resistance among key bacterial species causing urinary tract infections (UTIs). Conducted at King Fahad Medical City in Riyadh from January 2018 to December 2022, the study analyzed urine samples from 9697 UTI patients. Patients were categorized into 'pre-COVID-19' and 'during COVID-19' groups...
February 26, 2024: Antibiotics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38533136/association-of-inflammatory-markers-with-disease-progression-and-the-severity-of-covid-19
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Stuti V Patel, Jaya M Pathak, Radhay J Parikh, Karan J Pandya, Priyal B Kothari, Arushi Patel
Introduction In December 2019, there was a massive outbreak of viral pneumonia, which had a high case fatality rate. Genetic sequencing of the virus showed similarity with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV). It was later named novel coronavirus 2019 while the disease it caused was given the nomenclature of COVID-19. This deadly pneumonia outbreak was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO). Aim To derive the strength of the correlation between blood levels of various inflammatory markers with the severity of COVID-19 pneumonia in patients affected with novel coronavirus 2019...
February 2024: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38532580/-chinese-expert-consensus-on-clinical-application-of-percutaneous-endoscopic-gastrostomy-jejunostomy-2024-edition
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
(no author information available yet)
Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy / jejunostomy (PEG/J) is a relatively safe and effective minimally invasive surgical approach to establish long-term enteral nutrition (EN) channels. Due to the good compliance and the reduced incidence of reflux and aspiration pneumonia, PEG/J is the preferred way for long-term EN and has been widely used in clinical applications. However, few technical guidelines or expert consensus guiding the clinical practice of PEG/J have been published. The formation of "Chinese expert consensus on clinical application of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy / jejunostomy (2024 edition)" is led by the Committee of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, Chinese Research Hospital Association...
March 25, 2024: Zhonghua Wei Chang Wai Ke za Zhi, Chinese Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38529944/optimising-machine-learning-prediction-of-minimum-inhibitory-concentrations-in-klebsiella-pneumoniae
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gherard Batisti Biffignandi, Leonid Chindelevitch, Marta Corbella, Edward J Feil, Davide Sassera, John A Lees
Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations (MICs) are the gold standard for quantitatively measuring antibiotic resistance. However, lab-based MIC determination can be time-consuming and suffers from low reproducibility, and interpretation as sensitive or resistant relies on guidelines which change over time. Genome sequencing and machine learning promise to allow in silico MIC prediction as an alternative approach which overcomes some of these difficulties, albeit the interpretation of MIC is still needed. Nevertheless, precisely how we should handle MIC data when dealing with predictive models remains unclear, since they are measured semi-quantitatively, with varying resolution, and are typically also left- and right-censored within varying ranges...
March 2024: Microbial Genomics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38526466/postoperative-pulmonary-complications-in-patients-undergoing-upper-abdominal-surgery-risk-factors-and-predictive-models
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shivam Garg, Vishnukanth Govindaraj, Dharm Prakash Dwivedi, Kalayarasan Raja, Elamurugan Palanivel Theerthar
Postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) are unexpected disorders that occur up to 30 days after surgery, affecting the patient's clinical status and requiring therapeutic intervention. Therefore, it becomes important to assess the patient preoperatively, as many of these complications can be minimized with proper perioperative strategies following a thorough preoperative checkup. Herein, we describe the PPCs and risk factors associated with developing PPCs in patients undergoing upper abdominal surgery...
March 25, 2024: Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38522443/effectiveness-of-bubble-continuous-positive-airway-pressure-for-treatment-of-children-aged-1-59-months-with-severe-pneumonia-and-hypoxaemia-in-ethiopia-a-pragmatic-cluster-randomised-controlled-trial
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Meseret Gebre, Kassa Haile, Trevor Duke, Md Tanveer Faruk, Mehnaz Kamal, Md Farhad Kabir, Md Fakhar Uddin, Muluye Shimelis, Tigist Beyene, Bethelhem Solomon, Meles Solomon, Abebe Genetu Bayih, Alemseged Abdissa, Taye Tolera Balcha, Rahel Argaw, Asrat Demtse, Abate Yeshidinber Weldetsadik, Abayneh Girma, Bitseat W Haile, Abu Sadat Mohammad Sayeem Bin Shahid, Tahmeed Ahmed, John D Clemens, Mohammod Jobayer Chisti
BACKGROUND: The safety and efficacy of bubble continuous positive airway pressure (bCPAP) for treatment of childhood severe pneumonia outside tertiary care hospitals is uncertain. We did a cluster-randomised effectiveness trial of locally made bCPAP compared with WHO-recommended low-flow oxygen therapy in children with severe pneumonia and hypoxaemia in general hospitals in Ethiopia. METHODS: This open, cluster-randomised trial was done in 12 general (secondary) hospitals in Ethiopia...
March 21, 2024: Lancet Global Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38521646/multidisciplinary-consensus-on-the-management-of-non-invasive-respiratory-support-in-the-covid-19-patient
#9
Manel Luján, César Cinesi Gómez, Oscar Peñuelas, Carlos Ferrando, Sarah Béatrice Heili-Frades, José Manuel Carratalá Perales, Arantxa Mas, Javier Sayas Catalán, Olga Mediano, Oriol Roca, Javier García Fernández, Antonio González Varela, Gonzalo Sempere Montes, Gemma Rialp Cervera, Gonzalo Hernández, Teresa Millán, Miquel Ferrer Monreal, Carlos Egea Santaolalla
Acute respiratory failure due to COVID-19 pneumonia often requires a comprehensive approach that includes non-pharmacological strategies such as non-invasive support (including positive pressure modes, high flow therapy or awake proning) in addition to oxygen therapy, with the primary goal of avoiding endotracheal intubation. Clinical issues such as determining the optimal time to initiate non-invasive support, choosing the most appropriate modality (based not only on the acute clinical picture but also on comorbidities), establishing criteria for recognition of treatment failure and strategies to follow in this setting (including palliative care), or implementing de-escalation procedures when improvement occurs are of paramount importance in the ongoing management of severe COVID-19 cases...
March 4, 2024: Archivos de Bronconeumología
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38516449/sars-cov-2-persistence-in-immunocompromised-patients-requiring-treatment-with-convalescent-plasma-a-case-report
#10
Gabrielle Librizzi, Viraj Modi, Audun J Lier
Severe acute respiratory syndrome-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in immunocompromised patients presents a challenge, as patients with such conditions may have severe courses. Identifying modalities to shorten the course or lessen the severity of infection could be potentially beneficial. A 76-year-old male with follicular lymphoma on rituximab and lenalidomide presented with COVID-19 pneumonia requiring intensive care unit (ICU) level care for persistent hypoxemia. He was treated with an extended course of remdesivir, as recommended by the Infectious Diseases service, but he maintained a persistently high viral load, necessitating a delay of his cancer treatment until he had recovered from his infection...
February 2024: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38515663/bacterial-etiology-of-community-acquired-pneumonia-among-adult-patients-in-ethiopia-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Abdurezak Mohammed Seid, Wondwossen Tadesse, Mesfin Menza, Ritbano Ahmed Abdo, Abdulhakim Mussema
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: According to the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors, lower respiratory infections cause more than 2.3 million deaths globally, with a majority occurring in sub-Saharan Africa, including Ethiopia.Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a major contributor to global mortality and morbidity. Understanding the prevalence and common bacterial causes of CAP is crucial for clinicians to accurately diagnose and improve patient satisfaction. The purpose of this systematic review was to report the pooled prevalence and common bacterial etiologies of CAP among adult patients in Ethiopia...
March 30, 2024: Heliyon
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38514151/predictors-of-recovery-time-from-severe-community-acquired-pneumonia-among-paediatrics-patients-in-selected-hospitals-in-addis-ababa-ethiopia-an-institution-based-retrospective-cohort-study
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kalkidan Mekonnen Sinishaw, Girum Sebsbie, Mekonen Adimasu Kebede
OBJECTIVE: Severe community-acquired pneumonia (SCAP) is a significant cause of morbidity worldwide and a major cause of morbidity and mortality in developing countries. Ethiopia ranks 6th out of 15 countries with the highest mortality rate due to pneumonia in children under 5 years of age. The aim of this study was to determine the recovery time from SCAP and factors in paediatric patients in selected hospitals in Addis Ababa. DESIGN, PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING: A retrospective cohort study was conducted among 407 randomly selected paediatric patients admitted with SCAP in Addis Ababa public hospitals from 1 January 2018 to 31 December 2020...
March 21, 2024: BMJ Open
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38511244/utilization-of-broad-versus-narrow-spectrum-antibiotics-for-the-treatment-of-outpatient-community-acquired-pneumonia-among-adults-in-the-united-states
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Katelin B Nickel, Michael J Durkin, Margaret A Olsen, John M Sahrmann, Elizabeth Neuner, Caroline A O'Neil, Anne M Butler
PURPOSE: To characterize antibiotic utilization for outpatient community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in the United States. METHODS: We conducted a cohort study among adults 18-64 years diagnosed with outpatient CAP and a same-day guideline-recommended oral antibiotic fill in the MarketScan® Commercial Database (2008-2019). We excluded patients coded for chronic lung disease or immunosuppressive disease; recent hospitalization or frequent healthcare exposure (e...
April 2024: Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38510774/audit-on-practices-of-endotracheal-suctioning-in-intensive-care-unit-patients-among-health-care-workers-hcws
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rahil Singh, Anju Romina Bhalotra, Shubhangi Sharma
BACKGROUND: Endotracheal suctioning (ETS) is one of the most frequently performed invasive procedures in intensive care units (ICUs). This audit was aimed at studying current practices and knowledge regarding ETS in the Indian critical care setup, with the background aim of raising awareness regarding correct practices as per current recommendations in critically ill patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: After registering the trial with the clinical trial registry, India, a structured audit questionnaire containing 20 questions pertaining to ETS was distributed through electronic media among resident doctors working in the ICUs across India...
January 2024: Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38510368/anticoagulation-management-in-elderly-patients-with-proximal-femur-fractures%C3%A2-overview-of-current-concepts
#15
REVIEW
Yasmin Youssef, Anna K I M Dietrich, Annika Hättich
OBJECTIVES: Proximal femur fractures (PFF) are common injuries in elderly patients and can have considerable effects on their quality of life, morbidity, and mortality. Due to pre-existing comorbidities, the prevalence of anticoagulated patients is increasing. The right timing for surgery and perioperative anticoagulation treatment remains controversial. CONTENT: This overview aims to summarize current practices in the pre- and postoperative anticoagulation management and the recommended time to surgery in elderly patients with PFF...
December 2023: Innovative Surgical Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38508538/evaluation-of-effectiveness-hyperkalemia-and-hepatotoxicity-of-trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole-prophylaxis-for-pneumocystis-jirovecii-pneumonia-in-pediatric-patients-a-single-center-retrospective-study
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hideo Kato, Mao Hagihara, Nobuhiro Asai, Hiroshige Mikamo, Takuya Iwamoto
BACKGROUND: American guidelines recommend trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) for preventing Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP) in pediatric patients at doses of 5-10 mg/kg/day of the TMP component, administered either daily, three times weekly, or twice weekly. However, limited studies describe the effectiveness and safety of these prophylactic regimens. Our study aimed to assess the clinical effectiveness and incidence of adverse events associated with each TMP-SMX regimen in pediatric patients, and to identify risk factors for adverse events...
March 18, 2024: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38505992/oral-hygiene-in-critically-ill-patients-at-a-tertiary-hospital-in-s%C3%A3-o-paulo-brazil-a-best-practice-implementation-project
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mariana Davies Ribeiro Bersaneti, Renata Desordi Lobo, Thais Bianca Brandão, Regina Claudia Silva Souza, Vanessa de Brito Poveda
OBJECTIVES: This project aimed to promote evidence-based practices relat. ed to the oral health of critically ill patients in an intensive care unit in Brazil. INTRODUCTION: The oral hygiene of patients on mechanical ventilation is an essential component of nursing care quality, and well-defined guidelines ensure appropriate care. Mechanical ventilation is associated with the risk of ventilator-associated pneumonia, which can increase mortality, length of stay, time on mechanical ventilation, and hospital costs...
March 21, 2024: JBI evidence implementation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38505289/diagnosis-and-management-of-invasive-fungal-diseases-in-non-neutropenic-icu-patients-with-focus-on-candidiasis-and-aspergillosis-a-comprehensive-review
#18
REVIEW
Afzal Azim, Armin Ahmed
Invasive fungal diseases pose a significant threat to non-neutropenic ICU patients, with Candida and Aspergillus infections being the most common. However, diagnosing these infections in the ICU population remains challenging due to overlapping clinical features, poor sensitivity of blood cultures, and invasive sampling requirements. The classical host criteria for defining invasive fungal disease do not fully apply to ICU patients, leading to missed or delayed diagnoses. Recent advancements have improved our understanding of invasive fungal diseases, leading to revised definitions and diagnostic criteria...
2024: Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38505009/palliation-of-malignant-esophageal-stent-esophagorespiratory-fistula-with-rigid-bronchoscope-and-y-silicone-trachea-stent-experience-with-seven-patients
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Qixia Wang, Yanghuan Chen, Yihua Xu, Hang Xu, Xiaoting Cai, Runchen Wang, Zhiming Ye, Zijian Wen, Shiyue Li, Yu Chen
BACKGROUND: Malignant esophageal stent esophagorespiratory fistula (ERF) is an abnormal communication between esophagus and airway among advanced tumor patients with indwelling esophageal stent, which is devastating and life-threatening. This study aims to provide a new feasible treatment scheme for malignant esophageal stent ERF and report its potential advantage compared with double stenting, which was recommended by European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Guideline. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the medical data of malignant esophageal stent ERF patients between January 2018 to May 2023 at the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University and divided them into two groups...
February 29, 2024: Journal of Thoracic Disease
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38504282/a-meta-analysis-and-trial-sequential-analysis-of-randomised-controlled-trials-comparing-nonoperative-and-operative-management-of-chest-trauma-with-multiple-rib-fractures
#20
REVIEW
Ryo Hisamune, Mako Kobayashi, Karin Nakasato, Taiga Yamazaki, Noritaka Ushio, Katsunori Mochizuki, Akira Takasu, Kazuma Yamakawa
BACKGROUND: Operative treatment of traumatic rib fractures for better outcomes remains under debate. Surgical stabilization of rib fractures has dramatically increased in the last decade. This study aimed to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) to assess the effectiveness and safety of operative treatment compared to conservative treatment in adult patients with traumatic multiple rib fractures. METHODS: A systematic literature review was performed according to the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses guidelines...
March 19, 2024: World Journal of Emergency Surgery: WJES
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