keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38523733/resistance-training-in-cardiovascular-diseases-a-review-on-its-effectiveness-in-controlling-risk-factors
#1
REVIEW
Arnengsih Nazir, Henhen Heryaman, Cep Juli, Azizah Ugusman, Januar Wibawa Martha, Marina Annette Moeliono, Nur Atik
Cardiovascular Disease (CVD), a term encompassing various disorders affecting the heart and blood vessels, includes coronary artery disease (CAD). CAD is primarily due to the development of atherosclerotic plaques that disrupt blood flow, oxygenation, and nutrient delivery to the myocardium. Risk factors contributing to CAD progression include smoking, hypertension, diabetes mellitus (DM), dyslipidaemia, and obesity. While aerobic exercise (AE) has shown promising results in controlling CVD risk factors, the impact of resistance training (RT) has not been extensively investigated...
2024: Integrated Blood Pressure Control
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38517786/caloric-restriction-improves-spatial-learning-deficits-in-tau-mice
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Valeria Cogut, Taylor L McNeely, Tyler J Bussian, Sara I Graves, Darren J Baker
BACKGROUND: Caloric restriction (CR) has been recognized for its benefits in delaying age-related diseases and extending lifespan. While its effects on amyloid pathology in Alzheimer's disease (AD) mouse models are well-documented, its effects on tauopathy, another hallmark of AD, are less explored. OBJECTIVE: To assess the impact of a short-term 30% CR regimen on age-dependent spatial learning deficits and pathological features in a tauopathy mouse model. METHODS: We subjected male PS19 tau P301S (hereafter PS19) and age-matched wildtype mice from two age cohorts (4...
March 19, 2024: Journal of Alzheimer's Disease: JAD
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38517154/cryoprotective-effects-and-mechanisms-of-soybean-oligosaccharides-on-the-grass-carp-ctenopharyngodon-idellus-surimi-during-frozen-storage
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yijie Mo, Xia Zhang, Lingzhi Zhang, Xiao Guo, Yanxin Lin, Jing Ren, Yuqin Ding
BACKGROUND: Conventional cryoprotectant mixtures (sucrose and sorbitol) impart excessive sweetness and calories to surimi. Therefore, there is a need to explore alternative cryoprotectants with low sweetness and low-calorie content. The cryoprotective effects and possible mechanisms of soybean oligosaccharides (SBOS) on the frozen stability of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) surimi were investigated during 120 days of frozen storage, comparing with commercial cryoprotectants (4% sucrose and 4% sorbitol, w/w)...
March 22, 2024: Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38489282/description-of-the-fasted-serum-metabolomic-signature-of-lean-and-obese-cats-at-maintenance-and-of-obese-cats-under-energy-restriction
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Caitlin E Grant, Hannah Godfrey, Moran Tal, Marica Bakovic, Anna K Shoveller, Shauna L Blois, Myriam Hesta, Adronie Verbrugghe
This study aimed to investigate the serum metabolomic profile of obese and lean cats as well as obese cats before and after energy restriction for weight loss. Thirty cats, 16 obese (body condition score 8 to 9/9) and 14 lean (body condition score 4 to 5/9), were fed a veterinary weight loss food during a 4-week period of weight maintenance (L-MAINT and O-MAINT). The 16 obese cats were then energy restricted by a 60% energy intake reduction with the same food for a 10-week period (O-RESTRICT). Fasted serum metabolites were measured using nuclear magnetic resonance and direct infusion mass spectrometry after the maintenance period for L-MAINT and O-MAINT cats and after the energy restriction period for O-RESTRICT and compared between groups using a two-sided t-test...
2024: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38477483/the-effects-of-calorie-restriction-and-bariatric-surgery-on-circulating-proneurotensin-levels
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Michael G Miskelly, Johan Berggren, Malin Svensson, Jukka Koffert, Henri Honka, Saila Kauhanen, Pirjo Nuutila, Jan Hedenbro, Andreas Lindqvist, Olle Melander, Nils Wierup
CONTEXT: Proneurotensin (pNT) is associated with obesity and T2D, but the effects of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) on postprandial pNT levels are not well studied. OBJECTIVE: Assess effects of RYGB versus very low-energy diet (VLED) on pNT levels in response to mixed-meal tests (MMT), and long-term effects of RYGB on fasting pNT.Study participants: Cohort 1: Nine normoglycemic (NG) and ten T2D patients underwent MMT before and after VLED, immediately post-RYGB and six weeks post-RYGB...
March 13, 2024: Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38475903/effects-of-empagliflozin-induced-glycosuria-on-weight-gain-food-intake-and-metabolic-indicators-in-mice-fed-a-high-fat-diet
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anh T Nguyen, Zachary Amigo, Kathleen McDuffie, Victoria C MacQueen, Lane D Bell, Lan K Truong, Gloria Batchi, Sara M McMillin
BACKGROUND: Sodium glucose-linked transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors promote glucose, and therefore calorie, excretion in the urine. Patients taking SGLT2 inhibitors typically experience mild weight loss, but the amount of weight loss falls short of what is expected based on caloric loss. Understanding the mechanisms responsible for this weight loss discrepancy is imperative, as strategies to improve weight loss could markedly improve type 2 diabetes management and overall metabolic health...
March 2024: Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38461902/altered-neural-representation-of-olfactory-food-reward-in-the-nucleus-accumbens-after-acute-stress
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Haoyu Nie, Xin Hu, Yuan Gao, Yihang Ma, Pengfei Han
Acute stress affects reward processing. The nucleus accumbens (NAcc) plays a vital role in process of primary reward such as food. The present study used MRI technology and the representational similarity analysis (RSA) to investigate how acute stress influences the representation of food odor stimuli in the NAcc. Forty-eight participants were recruited. Compared to the control group, the stress group rated the high-calorie food odor as significantly more pleasure (p = 0.005). In the NAcc, the fMRI results showed that acute stress significantly reduced the dissimilarity of food and non-food odors in perceptual stage (p = 0...
March 8, 2024: Journal of Affective Disorders
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38450721/impact-of-exenatide-on-weight-loss-and-eating-behavior-in-adults-with-craniopharyngioma-related-obesity-the-cranioexe-randomized-placebo-controlled-trial
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Blandine Gatta-Cherifi, Kamel Mohammedi, Tanguy Cariou, Christine Poitou, Philippe Touraine, Gerald Raverot, Thierry Brue, Philippe Chanson, Frédéric Illouz, Solange Grunenwald, Olivier Chabre, Emmanuel Sonnet, Thomas Cuny, Jerôme Bertherat, Sébastien Czernichow, Eric Frison, Antoine Tabarin
OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to study the efficacy of GLP-1 analogs compared to placebo in adults with craniopharyngioma-related obesity (CRO). DESIGN: We conducted a double-blind multicenter superiority randomized clinical trial in eleven French University hospital Centers. METHODS: After a 4-week run-in period, 40 adults with CRO (BMI > 30 kg/m²) without sign of recurrence in the past year patients were randomized to receive exenatide (n=20) or placebo (n=20) injected subcutaneously twice a day...
March 7, 2024: European Journal of Endocrinology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38448094/a-fermented-milk-drink-with-umbu-spondias-tuberosa-pulp-and-whey-is-effective-for-weight-gain-and-re-nutrition-in-malnourished-an-in-vivo-study-in-mice-and-children
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gabriela da Rocha Lemos Mendes, Handray Fernandes de Souza, João Pedro Antunes Lopes, Ana Carolina Santos Rocha, Raquel Borges Faria, Fábio Ribeiro Dos Santos, Bruna Mara Aparecida de Carvalho de Mesquita, Sérgio Henrique Sousa Santos, Carla Adriana Ferreira Durães, Sildimar Rodrigues Ferreira, Sarah Caroline Oliveira de Souza Boitrago, Jéssica Santos Leal, Eliana Setsuko Kamimura, Igor Viana Brandi
Malnutrition is considered one of the major public health problems worldwide and negatively affects the growth, development and learning of schoolchildren. This study developed and evaluated a fermented milk drink with added Umbu (Spondias tuberosa) pulp in the weight gain and renutrition of mice submitted to malnutrition by calorie restriction, and in malnourished children. The supplementation with this fermented milk drink contributed to an increase of 7.2 % in body weight, and 64.3 % in albumin, and a reduction of 35 % in cholesterol in malnourished mice...
April 2024: Food Research International
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38429777/short-term-effects-of-mediterranean-diet-on-nutritional-status-in-adults-affected-by-osteogenesis-imperfecta-a-pilot-study
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ramona De Amicis, Simona Bertoli, Amalia Bruno, Giulia De Carlo, Alberto Battezzati, Andrea Foppiani, Alessandro Leone, Antonella Lo Mauro
BACKGROUND: Osteogenesis Imperfecta (OI) is a heterogeneous group of connective tissue disorders, characterized by varying degrees of skeletal fragility. Patients experience a range of comorbidities, such as obesity, cardiovascular, and gastrointestinal complications, especially in adulthood. All aspects that could benefit from dietary intervention. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of a 6-months restricted Mediterranean Diet (rMD) on nutritional status in adult patients affected by OI...
March 1, 2024: Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38429017/effect-of-calorie-labelling-in-the-out-of-home-food-sector-on-adult-obesity-prevalence-cardiovascular-mortality-and-social-inequalities-in-england-a-modelling-study
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zoé Colombet, Eric Robinson, Chris Kypridemos, Andrew Jones, Martin O'Flaherty
BACKGROUND: England implemented a menu calorie labelling policy in large, out-of-home food businesses in 2022. We aimed to model the likely policy impact on population-level obesity and cardiovascular disease mortality, as well as the socioeconomic equity of estimated effects, in the adult population in England. METHODS: For this modelling analysis, we built a comparative assessment model using two scenarios: the current implementation scenario refers to actual deployment only in large (≥250 employees), out-of-home food businesses, whereas the full implementation scenario refers to deployment in every out-of-home food business...
March 2024: Lancet. Public Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38410048/the-hedonic-overdrive-model-best-explains-high-fat-diet-induced-obesity-in-c57bl-6-mice
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lin Gao, Sumei Hu, Dengbao Yang, Lu Wang, Jacques Togo, Yingga Wu, Baoguo Li, Min Li, Guanlin Wang, Xueying Zhang, Li Li, Yanchao Xu, Moshen Mazidi, Elspeth Couper, Andrew Whittington-Davies, Chaoqun Niu, John R Speakman
OBJECTIVE: High-fat diets cause obesity in male mice; however, the underlying mechanisms remain controversial. Here, three contrasting ideas were assessed: hedonic overdrive, reverse causality, and passive overconsumption models. METHODS: A total of 12 groups of 20 individually housed 12-week-old C57BL/6 male mice were exposed to 12 high-fat diets with varying fat content from 40% to 80% (by calories), protein content from 5% to 30%, and carbohydrate content from 8...
February 27, 2024: Obesity
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38402708/efficacy-of-daily-versus-intermittent-low-glycemic-index-therapy-diet-in-children-with-drug-resistant-epilepsy-a-randomized-controlled-trial
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Prateek Kumar Panda, Biswaroop Chakrabarty, Prashant Jauhari, Indar Kumar Sharawat, Anuja Agarwal, Vandana Jain, Ravindra M Pandey, Sheffali Gulati
INTRODUCTION: The predominant reason for the discontinuation of low glycemic index therapy (LGIT) in children with epilepsy is the dietary restrictions imposed therein. This trial intended to compare the efficacy of daily and intermittent LGIT in children with drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE). METHODS: This study was performed between February 2018 and January 2019 to compare the efficacy of daily and intermittent LGIT in children aged 1-15 years with DRE following 24 weeks of dietary therapy...
February 15, 2024: Epilepsy Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38401600/modifying-biased-attention-towards-food-stimuli-in-binge-eating-disorder-a-multi-session-training-study
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dustin Werle, Lynn Sablottny, Brunna Tuschen-Caffier, Jennifer Svaldi
Individuals with binge eating disorder (BED) exhibit a biased attention towards food stimuli. Against this backdrop, the present study with pre-registered design (ID: DRKS00012984) tested whether (a) a training designed to reduce attentional food processing indeed modifies this bias, (b) this reduction is evident in several measures of food-related attention and (c) this is associated with reductions in craving, binge frequency over the past 28 days and calories eaten in a laboratory based bogus taste test...
February 22, 2024: Appetite
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38398876/dietary-and-metabolic-approaches-for-treating-autism-spectrum-disorders-affective-disorders-and-cognitive-impairment-comorbid-with-epilepsy-a-review-of-clinical-and-preclinical-evidence
#15
REVIEW
Shruthi H Iyer, Mary Y Yeh, Lauren Netzel, Molly G Lindsey, McKenzie Wallace, Kristina A Simeone, Timothy A Simeone
Epilepsy often occurs with other neurological disorders, such as autism, affective disorders, and cognitive impairment. Research indicates that many neurological disorders share a common pathophysiology of dysfunctional energy metabolism, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and gut dysbiosis. The past decade has witnessed a growing interest in the use of metabolic therapies for these disorders with or without the context of epilepsy. Over one hundred years ago, the high-fat, low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet (KD) was formulated as a treatment for epilepsy...
February 17, 2024: Nutrients
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38398802/calorie-restriction-and-time-restricted-feeding-effective-interventions-in-overweight-or-obese-patients-undergoing-radiotherapy-treatment-with-curative-intent-for-cancer
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Carmen Vega, Esteban Barnafi, César Sánchez, Francisco Acevedo, Benjamin Walbaum, Alejandra Parada, Nicolás Rivas, Tomás Merino
This study assesses the feasibility of calorie restriction (CR) and time-restricted feeding (TRF) in overweight and obese cancer patients who realized little to no physical activity undergoing curative radiotherapy, structured as a prospective, interventional, non-randomized open-label clinical trial. Of the 27 participants initially enrolled, 21 patients with breast cancer were selected for analysis. The participants self-selected into two dietary interventions: TRF, comprising a sugar and saturated fat-free diet calibrated to individual energy needs consumed within an 8 h eating window followed by a 16 h fast, or CR, involving a 25% reduction in total caloric intake from energy expenditure distributed across 4 meals and 1 snack with 55% carbohydrates, 15% protein, and 30% fats, excluding sugars and saturated fats...
February 7, 2024: Nutrients
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38397253/high-fat-high-calorie-breast-milk-in-women-with-overweight-or-obesity-and-its-association-with-maternal-serum-insulin-concentration-and-triglycerides-levels
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Michael G Ross, Manasa P Kavasery, MacKenzie K Cervantes, Guang Han, Bernardo Horta, Kelly P Coca, Suleyma O Costa, Mina Desai
The childhood obesity epidemic continues to be a challenge. Maternal obesity and excessive infant weight gain are strong predictors of childhood obesity, which itself is a major risk factor for adult obesity. The primary source of nutrition during early life is breast milk, and its composition is impacted by maternal habitus and diet. We thus studied the relationship between maternal BMI, serum lipids and insulin, and breast milk fat and calorie content from foremilk to hindmilk. Women who were exclusively breastfeeding at 7-8 weeks postpartum were BMI classified as Normal (18...
January 23, 2024: Children
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38396961/analysis-of-the-model-of-atherosclerosis-formation-in-pig-hearts-as-a-result-of-impaired-activity-of-dna-repair-enzymes
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Robert Paslawski, Paweł Kowalczyk, Urszula Paslawska, Jerzy Wiśniewski, Piotr Dzięgiel, Adrian Janiszewski, Liliana Kiczak, Maciej Zacharski, Barbara Gawdzik, Karol Kramkowski, Andrzej Szuba
Excessive consumption of food rich in saturated fatty acids and carbohydrates can lead to metabolic disturbances and cardiovascular disease. Hyperlipidemia is a significant risk factor for acute cardiac events due to its association with oxidative stress. This leads to arterial wall remodeling, including an increase in the thickness of the intima media complex (IMT), and endothelial dysfunction leading to plaque formation. The decreased nitric oxide synthesis and accumulation of lipids in the wall result in a reduction in the vasodilating potential of the vessel...
February 14, 2024: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38395612/conditional-deletion-of-%C3%AE-catenin-in-the-mediobasal-hypothalamus-impairs-adaptive-energy-expenditure-in-response-to-high-fat-diet-and-exacerbates-diet-induced-obesity
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mohammed Z Rizwan, Kaj Kamstra, Dominik Pretz, Peter R Shepherd, Alexander Tups, David R Grattan
β-catenin is a bifunctional molecule that as well as being an effector of Wnt signalling to control gene expression, also contributes to regulation of cytoskeleton and neurotransmitter vesicle trafficking. In the former role, β-catenin binds the transcription factor TCF7L2, which shows strong genetic associations with the pathogenesis of obesity and type-2 diabetes. Here, we sought to determine whether β-catenin plays a role in the neuroendocrine regulation of body weight and glucose homeostasis...
February 23, 2024: Journal of Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38388374/ranking-the-dietary-interventions-by-their-effectiveness-in-the-management-of-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-a-systematic-review-and-network-meta-analysis
#20
REVIEW
Anna Evelin Juhász, Márton Péter Stubnya, Brigitta Teutsch, Noémi Gede, Péter Hegyi, Péter Nyirády, Ferenc Bánhidy, Nándor Ács, Réka Juhász
INTRODUCTION: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common condition in women, characterised by reproductive and metabolic dysfunction. While dietary approaches have been evaluated as a first-line treatment for patients with PCOS, there is limited evidence to support preference for a specific dietary composition. This systematic review and network meta-analysis was performed with the objective of comparing different dietary interventions in terms of positive impact. Metformin, the currently preferred treatment, was also compared...
February 22, 2024: Reproductive Health
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