Isopropyl alcohol

Many surgeons request use of 10% povidone-iodine (PI) for vaginal antisepsis; however, when PI is contraindicated, some surgeons request use of chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG) instead. The purpose of this randomized controlled trial was to determine any significant differences in self-reported symptoms associated with vaginal antisepsis with either 10% PI scrub or 4% CHG with 4% isopropyl alcohol. The control group comprised 62 participants who underwent vaginal antisepsis with the PI product, and the intervention group comprised 58 participants who underwent vaginal antisepsis with the CHG product...

Exposure to the organophosphate esters (OPEs), used as flame retardants and plasticizers, is associated with a variety of adverse health effects including an increase in the incidence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. The goal of this study was to investigate the effects of six OPEs, all detected in Canadian house dust, on the phenotype and function of HepG2 liver cells. We used high-content imaging to investigate the effects of these OPEs on cell survival, mitochondria, oxidative stress, lipid droplets, and lysosomes...

Linagliptin is a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor used for the management of type-2 diabetes. US FDA-approved products are available exclusively as oral tablets. The inherent drawbacks of the oral administration route necessitate exploring delivery strategies via other routes. In this study, we investigated the feasibility of transdermal administration of linagliptin through various approaches. We compared chemical penetration enhancers (oleic acid, oleyl alcohol, and isopropyl myristate) and physical enhancement techniques (iontophoresis, sonophoresis, microneedles, laser, and microdermabrasion) to understand their potential to improve transdermal delivery of linagliptin...

Readily available and comparatively inexpensive, the common alcohol swab can aid dermatologists in everything from diagnosis to preoperative and postoperative care. The 70% isopropyl alcohol swab can aid in the accurate diagnosis of lesions and skin conditions, identification of biopsy sites, and disinfection.

Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), a semiconducting two-dimensional layered transition metal dichalcogenide (2D TMDC), with attractive properties enables the opening of a new electronics era beyond Si. However, the notoriously high contact resistance (RC) regardless of the electrode metal has been a major challenge in the practical applications of MoS2-based electronics. Moreover, it is difficult to lower RC because the conventional doping technique is unsuitable for MoS2 due to its ultrathin nature. Therefore, the metal-insulator-semiconductor (MIS) architecture has been proposed as a method to fabricate a reliable and stable contact with low RC...

OBJECTIVE: Several skin preparation techniques are used in electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring of horses. The objective of this study was to determine which methods produce the greatest signal quality using textile electrodes and standard silver/silver chloride (Ag/AgCl) electrodes. ANIMALS AND SAMPLES: Electrocardiogram data were collected using textile and Ag/AgCl electrodes simultaneously for 4 skin preparation techniques in 6 horses. PROCEDURE: The effects of skin preparation (cleansing with isopropyl alcohol, with or without shaving the hair) and the effects of the application of a conductive gel were assessed using metrics of signal quality...

The present work studied the decomposition of isopropyl alcohol (IPA), widely used in chemical industries and households, in a packed-bed dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma reactor. Metal oxide (MOx ) coated on γ-Al2 O3 (M = Cu, Mn, Co) was utilized for packing. The plasma-packed mode was a likely alternative to the conventional removal techniques, as it aids the conversion of dilute concentrations of IPA to CO and CO2 at ambient conditions (room temperature and atmospheric pressure)...

BACKGROUND: The estimated serum osmolality is a measurement of solutes in the blood, including sodium, glucose, and urea, but also includes ethanol and toxic alcohols (e.g., methanol, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, isopropyl alcohol, propylene glycol) when present. These rarely measured toxic alcohols can elevate the serum osmolality, giving the true measured osmolality. The difference between that and a calculated osmolality is the osmolal gap, which can be elevated in many clinical scenarios such as renal failure, ingestion of toxic alcohols, diabetic ketoacidosis, shock, and others...

OBJECTIVE: To assess the accuracy of reused iCare probes after disinfection with 70% isopropyl alcohol and ethylene glycol compared to new iCare probes and Goldmann Applanation Tonometry (GAT). DESIGN: Prospective comparative analysis PARTICIPANTS: 118 eyes from 59 patients recruited from the Aravind Eye Hospital glaucoma clinic in Tirupati, South India. METHODS: Intraocular pressure (IOP) was measured on each eye using a new iCare tonometer probe, an iCare probe previously used and disinfected one time prior (once used probe) and five times prior (multiply used probe), as well as with GAT...

In this work, an evanescent Bragg grating sensor inscribed in a few-mode planar polymer waveguide was integrated into microchannel structures and characterized by various chemical applications. The planar waveguide and the microchannels consisted of epoxide-based polymers. The Bragg grating structure was postprocessed by using point-by-point direct inscription technology. By monitoring the central wavelength shift of the reflected Bragg signal, the sensor showed a temperature sensitivity of -47.75 pm/K. Moreover, the functionality of the evanescent field-based measurements is demonstrated with two application examples: the refractive index sensing of different aqueous solutions and gas-phase hydrogen concentration detection...

At Canadian Blood Services, despite the use of 2% chlorhexidine and 70% isopropyl alcohol (standard disinfectant, SD) prior to venipuncture, Cutibacterium acnes evades eradication and is a major contaminant of platelet concentrates (PCs). Since C. acnes forms bacterial aggregates known as biofilms in the sebaceous niches of the skin, this study aimed to assess whether sebum-like components impact disinfectant efficacy against C. acnes leading to its dominance as a PC contaminant. C. acnes mono-species and dual-species biofilms ( C...

Growth of exposed crystal facets has received considerable attention because of their coordinatively unsaturated surface atoms and defect-related surface reactivities. Herein, LiFeO2 truncated octahedra exposed with 6 {100} facets and 8 {111} facets were prepared through a simple microwave-assisted hydrothermal method without using any additives, surfactants, and calcination processes. The detailed growth process revealed that the formation of LiFeO2 truncated octahedra occurred only at the optimized reaction temperature (180 °C), time (30 min), and reactant concentrations...

OBJECTIVE: Evidence-based central-line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) prevention guidelines recommend the use of an antiseptic scrub to disinfect needleless connectors before device access. Guideline noncompliance may render disinfection ineffective. The goal of this study was to observe needleless-connector disinfection practices and to identify perceived facilitators and barriers to best practices of needleless-connector access. METHODS: A human factors mixed-methods study involving nursing focus groups of perceived barriers and facilitators and clinical observations of compliance with instructions and protocols for use of 3...

BACKGROUND: Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) have been shown as promising biomarkers for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) diagnosis. We aimed to investigate the performance of VOCs for diagnosing early-stage HCC in patients at-risk for HCC. METHODS: VOCs were identified in exhaled breath samples collected from 87 early-stage HCC patients, 90 cirrhotic patients, and 72 HBV-infected patients using thermal desorption-gas chromatography/field-asymmetric ion mobility spectrometry...

Polysaccharide nanoporous structures are suitable for various applications, ranging from biomedical scaffolds to adsorption materials, owing to their biocompatibility and large surface areas. Pectin, in particular, can create 3D nanoporous structures in aqueous solutions by binding with calcium cations and creating nanopores by phase separation; this process involves forming hydrogen bonds between alcohols and pectin chains in water and alcohol mixtures and the resulting penetration of alcohols into calcium-bound pectin gels...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: This review aimed to compare the efficacy of acidifying agents and clotrimazole in the treatment of patients with otomycosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The databases, including Research Gate, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, Embase, Medline, Scopus, Cochrane, and library databases of clinical trials were searched in this study. The keywords were "Fungal Ear Infection" and "Otitis External" for otomycosis, "Clotrimazole", Lotrimin", "Mycelex", "Desenex", and "Clotrimaderm Mycoderm" for clotrimazole, and "Boric Acid Alcohol", "Alcohol-vinegar solution", Burow solution (Domeboro), "Isopropyl Alcohol", "VoSol" and "Acetic Acid" for acidifying agents...

Nanoporous carbon materials with customized structural features enable sustainable and electrochemical applications through improved performance and efficiency. Carbon spherogels (highly porous carbon aerogel materials consisting of an assembly of hollow carbon nanosphere units with uniform diameters) are desirable candidates as they combine exceptional electrical conductivity, bespoke shell porosity, tunability of the shell thickness, and a high surface area. Herein, we introduce a novel and more environmentally friendly sol-gel synthesis of resorcinol-formaldehyde (RF) templated by polystyrene spheres, forming carbon spherogels in an organic solvent...

The production of corn generates a substantial amount of agro-industrial waste, with corncob accounting for a significant portion of this waste. In this study, we focused on utilizing corncob as a carbon source and inducer to simultaneously produce two valuable industrial enzymes, protease, and xylanase, using a recombinant strain of B. halodurans CM1. Interestingly, xylan-rich corncob not only enhanced the xylanase activity but also induced protease activity of the modified B. halodurans CM1 strain. The effect of corncob concentration on the coproduction of protease and xylanase was investigated...

Isopropyl alcohol (IPA) is a common constituent of rubbing alcohol, household cleaning agents, and antiseptic agents. Ingestion of IPA usually leads to self-resolving mild symptoms in most cases but can result in severe symptoms, including central nervous system depression or hemodynamic instability. Treatment is mainly supportive, and hemodialysis is generally reserved for severe intoxication. Limited data are available on the use of hemodialysis to treat IPA intoxication. We are presenting a case of accidental ingestion of IPA in an elderly female with dementia leading to severe intoxication requiring hemodialysis at relatively non-toxic serum levels of IPA...

BACKGROUND: In pediatrics, shunt infection is considered the most common complication of ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunts insertion and the main cause of shunt failure. Careful surgical technique and hygienic skin preparations are highly important for prevention of shunt infections. Our objective was to assess the significance of using preoperative chlorhexidine/alcohol as a skin antiseptic in reducing the infection rate in pediatric VP shunts surgery. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A retrospective, case control study conducted on 80 pediatric patients with active hydrocephalus...