keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38366004/significant-increase-in-graupel-and-lightning-occurrence-in-a-warmer-climate-simulated-by-prognostic-graupel-parameterization
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Takuro Michibata
There is little consensus among global climate models (CGMs) regarding the response of lightning flash rates to past and future climate change, largely due to graupel not being included in models. Here a two-moment prognostic graupel scheme was incorporated into the MIROC6 GCM and applied in three experiments involving pre-industrial aerosol, present-day, and future warming simulations. The new microphysics scheme performed well in reproducing global distributions of graupel, convective available potential energy, and lightning flash rate against satellite retrievals and reanalysis datasets...
February 16, 2024: Scientific Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38355293/parenchymal-volume-preservation-during-partial-nephrectomy-improved-methodology-to-assess-impact-and-predictive-factors
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Akira Kazama, Worapat Attawettayanon, Carlos Munoz-Lopez, Nityam Rathi, Kieran Lewis, Eran Maina, Rebecca A Campbell, Zaeem Lone, Melissa Boumitri, Jihad Kaouk, Georges-Pascal Haber, Samuel Haywood, Nima Almassi, Christopher Weight, Jianbo Li, Steven C Campbell
OBJECTIVE: To rigorously evaluate the impact of the percentage of parenchymal volume preserved (PPVP) and how well the preserved parenchyma recovers from ischaemia (Recischaemia ) on functional outcomes after partial nephrectomy (PN) using an accurate and objective software-based methodology for estimating parenchymal volumes and split renal function (SRF). A secondary objective was to assess potential predictors of the PPVP. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 894 PN patients with available studies (2011-2014) were evaluated...
February 14, 2024: BJU International
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38340465/resetting-thermal-limits-10-year-old-white-sturgeon-display-pronounced-but-reversible-thermal-plasticity
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Theresa A Weber, Angelina M Dichiera, Colin J Brauner
While many ectotherms improve thermal tolerance in response to prolonged thermal stress, little is known about the lasting effects of warm acclimation after returning to cooler temperatures. Furthermore, thermal stress may disproportionately impact threatened and endangered species. To address this, we repeatedly measured critical thermal maxima (CTmax ; °C) and associated stress responses (hematocrit, hemoglobin concentration, plasma cortisol) of endangered subadult white sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) in response to control temperature (pre-acclimation; 14°C), after 1 month at either control or warm temperature (acclimation; 14°C or 20°C), and after one smonth following return to control temperature (post-acclimation; 14°C)...
February 5, 2024: Journal of Thermal Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38337453/the-impact-of-climate-change-and-extreme-weather-conditions-on-cardiovascular-health-and-acute-cardiovascular-diseases
#24
REVIEW
Antonio De Vita, Antonietta Belmusto, Federico Di Perna, Saverio Tremamunno, Giuseppe De Matteis, Francesco Franceschi, Marcello Covino
Climate change is widely recognized as one of the most significant challenges facing our planet and human civilization. Human activities such as the burning of fossil fuels, deforestation, and industrial processes release greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, leading to a warming of the Earth's climate. The relationship between climate change and cardiovascular (CV) health, mediated by air pollution and increased ambient temperatures, is complex and very heterogeneous. The main mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of CV disease at extreme temperatures involve several regulatory pathways, including temperature-sympathetic reactivity, the cold-activated renin-angiotensin system, dehydration, extreme temperature-induced electrolyte imbalances, and heat stroke-induced systemic inflammatory responses...
January 28, 2024: Journal of Clinical Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38335287/impact-induced-initiation-of-snowball-earth-a-model-study
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Minmin Fu, Dorian S Abbot, Christian Koeberl, Alexey Fedorov
During the Neoproterozoic and Paleoproterozoic eras, geological evidence points to several "Snowball Earth" episodes when most of Earth's surface was covered in ice. These global-scale glaciations represent the most marked climate changes in Earth's history. We show that the impact winter following an asteroid impact comparable in size to the Chicxulub impact could have led to a runaway ice-albedo feedback and global glaciation. Using a state-of-the-art atmosphere-ocean climate model, we simulate the climate response following an impact for preindustrial, Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), Cretaceous-like, and Neoproterozoic climates...
February 9, 2024: Science Advances
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38318484/the-effect-of-menthol-rinsing-before-intermittent-exercise-on-physiological-physical-and-thermo-behavioral-responses-of-male-football-referees-in-hot-and-humid-environment
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Maria Roriz, João Brito, Filipe J Teixeira, Konstantinos Spyrou, Vitor Hugo Teixeira
INTRODUCTION: In the current experiment, we aimed to evaluate whether eliciting pre-exercise non-thermal cooling sensations would alter perceptual measures, and physical and physiological responses in football referees. METHODS: Nine highly trained male football referees undertook two 45-minute intermittent exercise protocols in hot and humid conditions (34.2 ± 0.6°C, 62.5 ± 1.0% relative humidity). In a randomized counterbalanced crossover design, 1 of 2 beverages were given before the warm-up: a 0...
2024: Frontiers in sports and active living
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38310088/east-antarctic-warming-forced-by-ice-loss-during-the-last-interglacial
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
David K Hutchinson, Laurie Menviel, Katrin J Meissner, Andrew McC Hogg
During the Last Interglacial (LIG; 129-116 thousand years before present), the Antarctic ice sheet (AIS) was 1 to 7 m sea level equivalent smaller than at pre-industrial. Here, we assess the climatic impact of partial AIS melting at the LIG by forcing a coupled climate model with a smaller AIS and the equivalent meltwater input around the Antarctic coast. We find that changes in surface elevation induce surface warming over East Antarctica of 2 to 4 °C, and sea surface temperature (SST) increases in the Weddell and Ross Seas by up to 2 °C...
February 3, 2024: Nature Communications
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38304418/innovative-integration-optimizing-performance-through-warm-up-and-photobiomodulation-in-high-intensity-test
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Izabela A Santos, Marina Paiva Lemos, Enrico Fuini Puggina, Gustavo R Mota
We investigated whether the application of photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) immediately after a standardized warm-up (WU + PBMT) or traditional PBMT (no pre-warming) would influence performance in intermittent testing and intensity variables. In a counterbalanced randomized crossover design, twelve female futsal players (mean age: 23.9 ± 3.8 years) attended four sessions. Each session involved either a standardized warm-up or maintaining seated rest for five minutes. Subsequently, PBMT or placebo (with the PBMT device turned off) was applied, followed by the YoYo Intermittent Recovery Level 1 test (YYIR1) during which we assessed heart rate, rating of perceived exertion, and blood lactate levels...
2024: Frontiers in sports and active living
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38299219/passive-heat-therapy-a-promising-preventive-measure-for-people-at-risk-of-adverse-health-outcomes-during-heat-extremes
#29
REVIEW
Patrick Rodrigues, Lucas B R Orssatto, Daniel Gagnon, Amine Dahhak, Anne Hecksteden, Ian B Stewart, Geoffrey M Minett
The world is experiencing increased frequency, duration, and severity of life-threatening heat extremes. Most hospitalizations and excess deaths during extreme heat events are associated with pre-existing diseases in older adults. As climate change persists, the global population ages, and the number of individuals with chronic diseases expands, more people are at risk of adverse health outcomes during extreme heat events. Therefore, proactive preventive measures are urgently needed to mitigate heat-related health risks within these populations...
February 1, 2024: Journal of Applied Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38296903/healthcare-resource-utilization-of-patients-with-warm-autoimmune-hemolytic-anemia-initiating-first-line-therapy-of-oral-corticosteroids-with-or-without-rituximab
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Irina Murakhovskaya, Concetta Crivera, Ann Leon, Evo Alemao, Vamshi Ruthwik Anupindi, Mitch DeKoven, Victoria Divino, Iris Lin, Cathye Shu, Tarek Ebrahim
This retrospective cohort study described real-world treatment patterns and healthcare resource utilization (HCRU) of patients with warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia (wAIHA) initiating treatment with first-line (1L) oral corticosteroids (OCS) + rituximab (R) compared to 1L OCS. Patients with a wAIHA diagnosis code (D59.11) between 8/2020-3/2022 were identified using US pharmacy and medical claims databases. Patients initiating 1L OCS ± R were identified (date of initiation = 'index date') with a 1-year pre-index period and a variable (minimum 1-year) follow-up period...
February 1, 2024: Annals of Hematology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38287661/cyclosporine-a-does-not-mitigate-liver-ischemia-reperfusion-injury-in-an-ex-vivo-porcine-model-of-donation-after-circulatory-death
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Joshua Hefler, Sanaz Hatami, Aducio Thiesen, Mitchell J Wagner, Guilherme Mainardi, Sayed Himmat, Constantine J Karvellas, David L Bigam, Darren H Freed, A M James Shapiro
BACKGROUND Ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) is an inherent problem in organ transplantation, owing to the obligate period of ischemia that organs must endure. Cyclosporine A (CsA), though better know as an immunosuppressant, has been shown to mitigate warm IRI in a variety of organ types, including the liver. However, there is little evidence for CsA in preventing hepatic IRI in the transplant setting. MATERIAL AND METHODS In the present study, we tested the effect of CsA on hepatic IRI in a large-animal ex vivo model of donation after circulatory death (DCD)...
January 30, 2024: Annals of Transplantation: Quarterly of the Polish Transplantation Society
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38285944/probing-the-dynamics-and-bottleneck-of-the-key-atmospheric-so-2-oxidation-reaction-by-the-hydroxyl-radical
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dao-Fu Yuan, Yang Liu, Tarek Trabelsi, Yue-Rou Zhang, Jun Li, Joseph S Francisco, Hua Guo, Lai-Sheng Wang
SO2 (Sulfur dioxide) is the major precursor to the production of sulfuric acid (H2 SO4 ), contributing to acid rain and atmospheric aerosols. Sulfuric acid formed from SO2 generates light-reflecting sulfate aerosol particles in the atmosphere. This property has prompted recent geoengineering proposals to inject sulfuric acid or its precursors into the Earth's atmosphere to increase the planetary albedo to counteract global warming. SO2 oxidation in the atmosphere by the hydroxyl radical HO to form HOSO2 is a key rate-limiting step in the mechanism for forming acid rain...
February 6, 2024: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38276808/the-impact-of-climate-change-on-aeromedical-retrieval-services-in-remote-northern-australia-planning-for-a-hotter-future
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Simon Quilty, Aparna Lal, Bridget Honan, Dan Chateau, Elen O'Donnell, Jodie Mills
It is known that environmental heat is associated with increased morbidity manifesting as increasing demand on acute care health services including pre-hospital transport and emergency departments. These services play a vital role in emergency care, and in rural and remote locations, where resource capacity is limited, aeromedical and other retrieval services are a vital part of healthcare delivery. There is no research examining how heat impacts remote retrieval service delivery. The Northern Territory (NT) of Australia is characterised by very remote communities with limited acute healthcare capacities and is a region subject to regular extreme tropical heat...
January 20, 2024: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38275985/changes-in-the-sprint-vertical-jump-and-quadriceps-strength-after-a-capacitive-resistive-electric-transfer-therapy-intervention-a-randomized-clinical-trial
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Max Canet-Vintró, Jacobo Rodríguez-Sanz, Carlos López-de-Celis, César Hidalgo-García, Guillermo R Oviedo, Sergi Rodríguez-Rodríguez, Albert Pérez-Bellmunt
Generating large mechanical power during actions such as sprinting or jumping is a crucial factor in many sports. These types of actions require a good warm-up activation. Capacitive-Resistive Electric Transfer (CRET) is a non-invasive therapy based on the application of radio frequency electric currents within the range of 300 kHz-1.2 MHz to accelerate tissue metabolic activity. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of adding CRET to an active warm-up protocol in young adult athletes. For the double-blind randomized clinical trial, 60 healthy athletes were recruited and divided into an Experimental group (EG) and a Sham group (SG)...
January 22, 2024: Sports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38272673/prefrontal-regulation-of-safety-learning-during-ethologically-relevant-thermal-threat
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ada C Felix-Ortiz, Jaelyn M Terrell, Carolina Gonzalez, Hope D Msengi, Miranda B Boggan, Angelica R Ramos, Gabrielle Magalhães, Anthony Burgos-Robles
Learning and adaptation during sources of threat and safety are critical mechanisms for survival. The prelimbic (PL) and infralimbic (IL) subregions of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) have been broadly implicated in the processing of threat and safety. However, how these regions regulate threat and safety during naturalistic conditions involving thermal challenge still remains elusive. To examine this issue, we developed a novel paradigm in which adult mice learned that a particular zone that was identified with visuospatial cues was associated with either a noxious cold temperature ("threat zone") or a pleasant warm temperature ("safety zone")...
January 25, 2024: ENeuro
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38248624/diatomite-based-recyclable-and-green-coating-for-efficient-radiative-cooling
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jing Lu, Yile Fan, Xing Lou, Wei Xie, Binyuan Zhao, Han Zhou, Tongxiang Fan
Radiative cooling is a promising strategy to address energy challenges arising from global warming. Nevertheless, integrating optimal cooling performance with commercial applications is a considerable challenge. Here, we demonstrate a scalable and straightforward approach for fabricating green radiative cooling coating consisting of methyl cellulose matrix-random diatomites with water as a solvent. Because of the efficient scattering of the porous morphology of diatomite and the inherent absorption properties of both diatomite and cellulose, the aqueous coating exhibits an excellent solar reflectance of 94% in the range of 0...
January 13, 2024: Biomimetics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38244356/bayesian-dividemix-for-enhanced-learning-with-noisy-labels
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Bhalaji Nagarajan, Ricardo Marques, Eduardo Aguilar, Petia Radeva
Leveraging inexpensive and human intervention-based annotating methodologies, such as crowdsourcing and web crawling, often leads to datasets with noisy labels. Noisy labels can have a detrimental impact on the performance and generalization of deep neural networks. Robust models that are able to handle and mitigate the effect of these noisy labels are thus essential. In this work, we explore the open challenges of neural network memorization and uncertainty in creating robust learning algorithms with noisy labels...
January 10, 2024: Neural Networks: the Official Journal of the International Neural Network Society
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38237388/soluble-urate-induced-effects-on-cytokine-production-in-vitro-assessment-of-methodologies-and-cell-types
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ruiqi Liu, Viola Klück, Brenda Kischkel, Helin Tercan, Mihai G Netea, Tania O Crişan, Leo A B Joosten
BACKGROUND: Hyperuricemia has been shown to be an inducer of pro-inflammatory mediators by human primary monocytes. To study the deleterious effects of hyperuricemia, a reliable and stable in vitro model using soluble urate is needed. One recent report showed different urate-dissolving methods resulted in either pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory properties. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of two methods of dissolving urate on both primary human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and THP-1 cells...
January 17, 2024: Cytokine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38236422/decadal-scale-variability-and-warming-affect-spring-timing-and-forest-growth-across-the-western-great-lakes-region
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mara Y McPartland
The Great Lakes region of North America has warmed by 1-2 °C on average since pre-industrial times, with the most pronounced changes observable during winter and spring. Interannual variability in temperatures remains high, however, due to the influence of ocean-atmosphere circulation patterns that modulate the warming trend across years. Variations in spring temperatures determine growing season length and plant phenology, with implications for whole ecosystem function. Studying how both internal climate variability and the "secular" warming trend interact to produce trends in temperature is necessary to estimate potential ecological responses to future warming scenarios...
January 18, 2024: International Journal of Biometeorology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38229555/phenotypic-plasticity-of-a-winter-diapause-mechanism-copes-with-the-effects-of-summer-global-warming-in-an-ectothermic-predator
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hugo Alejandro Álvarez, Francisca Ruano
To adapt to changes in temperature, animals tend to invest more energy in thermal tolerance to enhance survival, which can have simultaneous costs on plastic traits. Would a decrease in genetic variability, due to global warming, affect the ability of populations with existing metabolic regulatory mechanisms to cope with extreme temperatures? To address this question, we conducted a series of experiments based on the A1B scenario of global warming, assessing within-population genetic variance in (a) morphological traits, (b) metabolic rate allometries, and (c) survival of a winter-diapausing predator ectotherm...
January 2024: Biology Letters
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