Fluid Warming

Echinoderms with high levels of magnesium (Mg) in their skeletons may be especially sensitive to ocean acidification, as the solubility of calcite increases with its Mg content. However, other structural characteristics and environmental/biological factors may affect skeletal solubility. To better understand which factors can influence skeletal mineralogy, we analyzed the Mg content of Antarctic echinoderms from Deception Island, an active volcano with reduced pH and relatively warm water temperatures, and Livingston Island...

PURPOSE: The electrokinetic process for streaming fluids in magnetic environments is emerging due to its immense applications in medical and biochemical industrial domains. In this context, our proposed model seeks to inquire into the hemodynamic characteristics of electro-magnetized blood blended with trihybrid nanoparticles circulation induced by electro-osmotic forces in an endoscopic charged arterial annular indented tract. This steaming model also invokes the consequences of variable Lorentz attractive force, buoyancy force, heat source, viscous and Joule warming, arterial wall properties, and sliding phenomena for featuring more realistic problems in blood flows...

Toxoplasma gondii is a widespread protozoan parasite that infects most warm-blooded animals, and felids can serve as intermediate and definitive hosts. Pathological diagnosis and serological and etiological investigations were conducted on a captive caracal ( Caracal caracal ) carcass collected from China in 2022. Pathological diagnosis revealed that cardiac insufficiency, pulmonary edema, hepatic failure, and renal insufficiency were the causes of the caracal's death. A modified agglutination test (cut-off: 1:25) revealed that IgG antibodies against T...

BACKGROUND: Recently the US Food and Drug Administration has granted variances to select blood centers to supply cold-stored platelet components (CSP). In hemorrhage resuscitation warming of blood components with approved fluid warming devices is common. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Pathogen-reduced apheresis platelet units were collected and stored in one of two ways: (1) CSP-I, (2) CSP-D. CSP-I were collected and immediately stored at 1-6°C until used. CSP-D were collected and stored at 20-24°C for 5 days and transferred to storage at 1-6°C until use...

INTRODUCTION: Sepsis-related mortality is decreasing over time after the introduction of "Surviving Sepsis Campaign" Guidelines in 2004. The last Guidelines version collects 93 recommendations, but several interventions supported by randomized evidence of mortality reduction are not included. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: We performed a systematic review of all randomized controlled trials reporting a statistically significant mortality reduction in septic patients and compared the identified studies to the Surviving Sepsis Campaign Guidelines 2021 to highlight discrepancies...

A previously fit and well male in his early 40s, presented to the emergency department, hypotensive, bradycardic and hypothermic with reduced levels of consciousness after being found diaphoretic and unwell at his home. Despite fluid resuscitation with warmed saline, he remained hypotensive and required vasopressor support leading to intensive care admission. Initially, the patient was managed for suspected meningoencephalitis but was later found to have hypopituitarism leading to secondary hypothyroidism and adrenal insufficiency...

The fourth member of the Sinian Dengying Formation in northern Sichuan was reformed by multistage diagenetic fluids. It is beneficial to systematically analyze the diagenetic evolution of the area to clarify the sedimentary evolution of the dolomite in the fourth member of the Dengying Formation and the fluid characteristics at different diagenetic stages. In this study, the petrological characteristics, vertical sedimentary evolution, diagenetic fluid stages, and diagenetic environment of Dengsi dolomite were analyzed by using carbon-oxygen strontium isotopes, rare-earth elements, major and trace elements, combined with the supporting thin section identification and cathodoluminescence techniques, and the source and properties of diagenetic fluid of Dengsi dolomite in different diagenetic environments were determined...

The transfer of photosynthetically produced organic carbon from surface to mesopelagic waters draws carbon dioxide from the atmosphere1 . However, current observation-based estimates disagree on the strength of this biological carbon pump (BCP)2 . Earth system models (ESMs) also exhibit a large spread of BCP estimates, indicating limited representations of the known carbon export pathways3 . Here we use several decades of hydrographic observations to produce a top-down estimate of the strength of the BCP with an inverse biogeochemical model that implicitly accounts for all known export pathways...

When a fluid accelerates as it sweeps a solid surface there are two consequences: the friction and the heat transfer (thermal contact) between fluid and solid increase simultaneously. This is known as the universal analogy between fluid friction and heat transfer. In thermal engineering these two effects are problematic because improved thermal contact is beneficial, and increased friction (i.e., pumping power) is detrimental to overall performance. In the present article we question whether the 'analogy' between these conflicting effects hampers the performance of animal movement...

BACKGROUND: In partial nephrectomy for highly complex tumors with expected long ischemia time, renal hypothermia can be used to minimize ischemic parenchymal damage. OBJECTIVE: To describe our case series, surgical technique, and early outcomes for robot-assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN) using intra-arterial cold perfusion through arteriotomy. DESIGN SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: A retrospective analysis was conducted of ten patients with renal tumors (PADUA score 9-13) undergoing RAPN between March 2020 and March 2023 with intra-arterial cooling because of expected arterial clamping times longer than 25 min...

Ruminants contribute to global warming by emitting greenhouse gasses, particularly methane (CH4 ) which is a product of rumen fermentation. The use of feed additives able to modulate rumen fermentation is a promising strategy to reduce enteric CH4 and ammonia (NH3 ) emissions. Among the various strategies investigated, plant secondary metabolites (PSMs) have attracted attention due to their apparent potential to reduce enteric CH4 and NH3 emissions, and it would be possible to use such compounds as feed additives in organic production systems...

Using two laboratory-scale conceptual fluid dynamic models of the mid-latitude atmospheric circulation we investigate the statistical properties of pointwise temperature signals obtained in long experiment runs. We explore how the average "equator-to-pole" temperature contrast influences the range and the jump distribution of extreme temperature fluctuations, the ratio of the frequencies of rapid cooling and warming events, and the persistence of "weather" in the set-ups. We find simple combinations of the control parameters-temperature gradient, rotation rate and geometric dimensions-which appear to determine certain scaling properties of these statistics, shedding light on the underlying dynamics of the Rossby wave-related elements of the mid-latitude weather variability...

To investigate the effect of forced-air warming and heated intravenous (IV) and irrigation fluids alone and in combination on body temperature, shivering, thermal comfort, pain, nausea and vomiting in adult patients undergoing surgery under general anesthesia in a prospective, four-group, randomized controlled trial. After induction of anesthesia, 120 patients were divided into the following groups: patients warmed with forced-air warming ( n  = 30), patients receiving warmed IV and irrigation fluid ( n  = 30), patients receiving warmed IV and irrigation fluid with forced-air warming ( n  = 30), and the control group without any intervention ( n  = 30)...

Preserving permafrost subgrade is a challenge due to global warming, but passive cooling techniques have limited success. Here, we present a novel wind-driven device that can cool permafrost subgrade by circulating coolant between the ambient air and the subgrade. It consists of a wind mill, a mechanical clutch with phase change material, and a fluid-circulation heat exchanger. The clutch engages and disengages through freezing and melting phase change material, while the device turns off when the outside air temperature exceeds a certain threshold, preventing heat from penetrating the subgrade...

OBJECTIVE: As global warming intensifies, residents of temperate regions will also face heat waves in the near future. Food habits are one component in addressing the global challenge of climate change. However, water, the most important food for humans, has not been adequately addressed. DESIGN: For this commentary, on the one hand, publications on the increasing heat stress of children were consulted. On the other hand, publications on the special demands of children's temperature regulation in hot environments on fluid balance were analyzed...

Water is a fundamental requirement for the survival of human beings. Although water is abundantly available across the globe, access to freshwater still remains a major concern. Most of the water available is saline or brackish, which is not fit for human consumption. Desalination is the optimum solution for production of potable water from saline water. A major shortcoming of conventional desalination technologies is their dependence on fossil fuel that results in environmental degradation, global warming, etc...

In this study, mathematical modeling of the energy transfer and flow characteristics of ternary nanoliquid in a square enclosure is performed. In the cavity considered, the left and bottom borders are warmed uniformly or non-uniformly when the rest of the borders are cooled. The robust finite element method with quads and triangles as elements is used to work out the control equations of the problem. The current study is validated against previously published works, and good agreement is shown. The isolines are investigated for various Rayleigh numbers at uniform and non-uniform thermal boundary conditions...

Parotid lymphangioma is a benign lymphatic malformation commonly observed in infancy or early childhood. It often grows insidiously and presents as a painless, soft fluctuant mass. We report a case of an eight-year-old boy who was diagnosed from another center with right parotid lymphangioma of one-year duration. He presented with right painful preauricular swelling and trismus for nine days after a recent history of blunt trauma to the preauricular caused an acute expansion of the swelling and subsequently, the patient developed ipsilateral facial nerve palsy...

Protein ingestion is known to enhance post-exercise hydration. Whether the type of protein (i.e., whey, casein) can alter this response is unknown. Accordingly, this study aimed to compare the effects of the addition of milk-derived whey isolate or casein protein to carbohydrate-electrolyte (CE) drinks on post-exercise rehydration and endurance capacity. Thirty male soldiers (age: 24 ± 2.1 y; VO2max : 49.3 ± 4.7 mL/kg/min) were recruited. Upon losing ~2.2% of body mass by running in warm and humid conditions (32...

NEW FINDINGS: What is the topic of this review? This review summarizes studies that advance our understanding of the mechanisms mediating improved thermoeffector output following heat acclimation and investigate adaptations that go beyond those classically associated with heat acclimation. What advances does it highlight? Most studies that investigated possible mechanisms mediating greater thermoeffector output following heat acclimation have focused on end-organ responses. Some evidence suggests that heat acclimation improves cardiac function, body fluid regulatory functions, and preserves cognitive performance under heat stress...