keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38462388/use-of-lipid-ratios-to-predict-vascular-target-organ-damage-in-youth
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sarah E Henson, Elaine M Urbina
BACKGROUND: Elevated lipid levels are risk factors for early atherosclerosis. Lipid ratios have emerged as potentially stronger predictors of adverse cardiovascular changes and atherogenic cholesterol. Risk stratification in youth with obesity or type 2 diabetes may be improved by using lipid ratios. We sought to determine if lipid ratios would identify abnormalities in arterial structure and stiffness in adolescents and young adults. METHODS: A total of 762 youth aged 10-24 years had laboratory, anthropometric, blood pressure, and carotid intima-media thickness and arterial stiffness data collected...
February 10, 2024: Journal of Clinical Lipidology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38414479/recommendations-of-the-experts-of-the-polish-cardiac-society-pcs-and-the-polish-lipid-association-pola-on-the-diagnosis-and-management-of-elevated-lipoprotein-a-levels
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Bożena Sosnowska, Janina Stepinska, Przemyslaw Mitkowski, Agata Bielecka-Dabrowa, Beata Bobrowska, Jan Budzianowski, Pawel Burchardt, Krzysztof Chlebus, Piotr Dobrowolski, Mariusz Gasior, Piotr Jankowski, Jacek Kubica, Agnieszka Mickiewicz, Malgorzata Mysliwiec, Tadeusz Osadnik, Aleksander Prejbisz, Renata Rajtar-Salwa, Kristian Wita, Adam Witkowski, Robert Gil, Maciej Banach
Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is made up of a low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particle and a specific apolipoprotein(a). The blood concentration of Lp(a) is approximately 90% genetically determined, and the main genetic factor determining Lp(a) levels is the size of the apo(a) isoform, which is determined by the number of KIV2 domain repeats. The size of the apo(a) isoform is inversely proportional to the blood concentration of Lp(a). Lp(a) is a strong and independent cardiovascular risk factor. Elevated Lp(a) levels ≥ 50 mg/dl (≥ 125 nmol/l) are estimated to occur in more than 1...
2024: Archives of Medical Science: AMS
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38380649/postprandial-lipid-and-vascular-responses-following-consumption-of-a-commercially-relevant-interesterified-palmitic-acid-rich-spread-in-comparison-to-functionally-equivalent-non-interesterified-spread-and-spreadable-butter-a-randomised-controlled-trial-in-healthy
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wendy L Hall, Aseel Alkoblan, Philippa S Gibson, Maria D'Annibale, Astrid Coekaerts, Mathilde Bauer, Johanna H Bruce, Beryle Lecomte, Armelle Penhoat, Fabienne Laugerette, Marie-Caroline Michalski, Louise J Salt, Peter J Wilde, Sarah E Berry
Background : Interesterification is an industrial processing technique used widely where hard fats are essential for functionality and consumer acceptability, e.g. margarines and lower fat spreads. Objective : The aim of this study was to compare acute cardiovascular effects of functionally equivalent spreads (similar solid fat content) made with interesterified (IE) or non-IE palm-based fats, or spreadable butter. Methods : A randomised, controlled, 4-armed crossover, double-blind study (25 men, 25 women; 35-75 years; healthy; mean BMI 24...
February 21, 2024: Food & Function
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38379854/conventional-hdl-subclass-measurements-mask-thyroid-hormone-dependent-remodeling-activity-sites-in-hypothyroid-individuals
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
John D Bagdade, Carrie E McCurdy
CONTEXT: Earlier nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) studies of plasma lipoproteins estimated by size as small, medium, and large particles, demonstrated hypothyroidism was associated with increases in very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and intermediate-density lipoprotein (IDL) subclass particle number but variable changes in the high-density lipoprotein (HDL) subclasses. These disparate changes in HDL might be explained by reduced activity of the thyroid hormone-dependent remodeling proteins whose subclass specificity may be obscured when the 5 HDL subclasses identified by NMR are combined by size...
February 19, 2024: Journal of the Endocrine Society
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38276005/combination-therapy-of-cuban-policosanol-raydel-%C3%A2-20-mg-and-intensive-exercise-for-12-weeks-resulted-in-improvements-in-obesity-hypertension-and-dyslipidemia-without-a-decrease-in-serum-coenzyme-q-10-enhancement-of-lipoproteins-quality-and-antioxidant-functionality
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kyung-Hyun Cho, Hyo-Seon Nam, Na-Young Kim, Myeong-Sung Lee, Dae-Jin Kang
Obesity and overweight, frequently caused by a lack of exercise, are associated with many metabolic diseases, such as hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia. Aerobic exercise effectively increases the high-density lipoproteins-cholesterol (HDL-C) levels and alleviates the triglyceride (TG) levels. The consumption of Cuban policosanol (Raydel® ) is also effective in enhancing the HDL-C quantity and HDL functionality to treat dyslipidemia and hypertension. On the other hand, no study has examined the effects of a combination of high-intensity exercise and policosanol consumption in obese subjects to improve metabolic disorders...
January 19, 2024: Pharmaceuticals
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38262691/the-lipoprotein-profile-evaluated-by-1h-nmr-improves-the-performance-of-genetic-testing-in-familial-hypercholesterolemia
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Daiana Ibarretxe, Dídac Llop, Cèlia Rodríguez-Borjabad, Natalia Andreychuk, Núria Plana, Roberto Scicali, Ana González-Lleó, Núria Amigó, Josefa Girona, Lluís Masana
BACKGROUND: The familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) diagnosis is based on clinical and genetic criteria. A relevant proportion of FH patients fulfilling the criteria for definite FH have negative genetic testing. Increasing the identification of true genetic-based FH is a clinical challenge. Deepening the analysis of lipoprotein alterations could help increase the yield of genetic testing. We evaluated whether the number, size, and composition of lipoproteins assessed by 1H-NMR could increase the identification of FH patients with pathogenic gene variants...
January 23, 2024: Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38226021/acute-myocardial-infarction-preferentially-alters-low-abundant-long-chain-unsaturated-phospholipid-and-sphingolipid-species-in-plasma-high-density-lipoprotein-subpopulations
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Maharajah Ponnaiah, Emile Zakiev, Marie Lhomme, Fabiana Rached, Laurent Camont, Carlos V Serrano, Raul D Santos, M John Chapman, Alexander Orekhov, Anatol Kontush
AIM: High-density lipoprotein (HDL) particles in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) are deficient in their anti-atherogenic function. Molecular determinants of such deficiency remain obscure. METHODS: Five major HDL subpopulations were isolated using density-gradient ultracentrifugation from STEMI patients (n = 12) and healthy age- and sex-matched controls (n = 12), and 160 species of phosphatidylcholine, lysophosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylserine, phosphatidic acid, sphingomyelin and ceramide were quantified by LC-MS/MS...
March 2024: Atheroscler Plus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38106013/fitm2-deficiency-results-in-er-lipid-accumulation-er-stress-reduced-apolipoprotein-b-lipidation-and-vldl-triglyceride-secretion-in-vitro-and-in-mouse-liver
#8
Haizhen Wang, Cyrus Nikain, Jaime Amengual, Maxwell La Forest, Yong Yu, Meng C Wang, Russell Watts, Richard Lehner, Yunping Qiu, Min Cai, Irwin J Kurland, Ira J Goldberg, Sujith Rajan, M Mahmood Hussain, Jeffrey L Brodsky, Edward A Fisher
OBJECTIVES: Triglyceride (TG) association with apolipoprotein B100 (apoB100) serves to form very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) in the liver. The repertoire of factors that facilitate this association is incompletely defined. FITM2, an integral endoplasmic reticulum (ER) protein, was originally discovered as a factor participating in cytoplasmic lipid droplets (LDs) in tissues that do not form VLDL. We hypothesized that in the liver, in addition to promoting cytosolic LD formation, FITM2 would also transfer TG from its site of synthesis in the ER membrane to nascent VLDL particles within the ER lumen...
December 7, 2023: bioRxiv
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37968796/systemic-metabolic-signatures-of-oral-diseases
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
A Salminen, A M Määttä, P Mäntylä, J Leskelä, M Pietiäinen, K Buhlin, A L Suominen, S Paju, W Sattler, J Sinisalo, P J Pussinen
Systemic metabolic signatures of oral diseases have been rarely investigated, and prospective studies do not exist. We analyzed whether signs of current or past infectious/inflammatory oral diseases are associated with circulating metabolites. Two study populations were included: the population-based Health-2000 ( n = 6,229) and Parogene ( n = 452), a cohort of patients with an indication to coronary angiography. Health-2000 participants ( n = 4,116) provided follow-up serum samples 11 y after the baseline...
January 2024: Journal of Dental Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37914996/association-of-ldl-cholesterol-subfractions-with-cardiovascular-disorders-a-systematic-review
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Abdolreza Chary, Maryam Tohidi, Mehdi Hedayati
BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular disorders (CVDs) are the leading cause of death worldwide. This study aimed to evaluate the association between low-density lipoprotein (LDL) subfractions and cardiovascular disorders. METHODS: To ensure the rigor of the systematic review, the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were used. For this systematic review, a comprehensive search strategy was performed in important databases including PubMed, Scopus, Embase, International Statistical Institute (ISI) Web of Science, and google scholar from 2009 to February 2021...
November 1, 2023: BMC Cardiovascular Disorders
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37914804/native-low-density-lipoproteins-are-priming-signals-of-the-nlrp3-inflammasome-interleukin-1%C3%AE-pathway-in-human-adipose-tissue-and-macrophages
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Simon Bissonnette, Valérie Lamantia, Benjamin Ouimet, Yannick Cyr, Marie Devaux, Remi Rabasa-Lhoret, Michel Chrétien, Maya Saleh, May Faraj
Elevated plasma numbers of atherogenic apoB-lipoproteins (apoB), mostly as low-density lipoproteins (LDL), predict diabetes risk by unclear mechanisms. Upregulation of the NLRP3 inflammasome/interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) system in white adipose tissue (WAT) is implicated in type 2 diabetes (T2D); however, metabolic signals that stimulate it remain unexplored. We hypothesized that (1) subjects with high-apoB have higher WAT IL-1β-secretion than subjects with low-apoB, (2) WAT IL-1β-secretion is associated with T2D risk factors, and (3) LDL prime and/or activate the WAT NLRP3 inflammasome...
November 1, 2023: Scientific Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37814277/low-levels-of-small-hdl-particles-predict-but-do-not-influence-risk-of-sepsis
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Fergus Hamilton, Kasper Mønsted Pedersen, Peter Ghazal, Børge Grønne Nordestgaard, George Davey Smith
BACKGROUND: Low levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol have been associated with higher rates and severity of infection. Alterations in inflammatory mediators and infection are associated with alterations in HDL cholesterol. It is unknown whether the association between HDL and infection is present for all particle sizes, and whether the observed associations are confounded by IL-6 signalling. METHODS: In the UK Biobank, ~ 270,000 individuals have data on HDL subclasses derived from nuclear magnetic resonance analysis...
October 9, 2023: Critical Care: the Official Journal of the Critical Care Forum
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37639039/identification-of-the-specific-molecular-and-functional-signatures-of-pre-beta-hdl-relevance-to-cardiovascular-disease
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Isabelle Guillas, Marie Lhomme, Cédric Pionneau, Lucrèce Matheron, Maharajah Ponnaiah, Sophie Galier, Sandrine Lebreton, Marie Delbos, Feng Ma, Maryam Darabi, Petra El Khoury, Marianne Abifadel, Philippe Couvert, Philippe Giral, Philippe Lesnik, Maryse Guerin, Wilfried Le Goff, Anatol Kontush
While low concentrations of high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) are widely accepted as an independent cardiovascular risk factor, HDL-C-rising therapies largely failed, suggesting the importance of both HDL functions and individual subspecies. Indeed HDL particles are highly heterogeneous, with small, dense pre-beta-HDLs being considered highly biologically active but remaining poorly studied, largely reflecting difficulties for their purification. We developed an original experimental approach allowing the isolation of sufficient amounts of human pre-beta-HDLs and revealing the specificity of their proteomic and lipidomic profiles and biological activities...
August 28, 2023: Basic Research in Cardiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37580206/hdl-abnormalities-in-type-2-diabetes-clinical-implications
#14
REVIEW
Alexandro J Martagon, Rafael Zubirán, Rogelio González-Arellanes, Samantha Praget-Bracamontes, J Adrián Rivera-Alcántara, Carlos A Aguilar-Salinas
Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) represents the primary cause of mortality among patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). In this population, High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) particles exhibit abnormalities in number, composition, and function, culminating in diminished anti-atherosclerotic capabilities despite normal HDL cholesterol (HDL-C) concentrations. Hyperglycemic conditions contribute to these alterations in HDL kinetics, composition, and function, causing T2DM patients' HDL particles to exhibit decreased concentrations of diverse lipid species and proteins...
August 3, 2023: Atherosclerosis
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37525378/quantitative-assessment-of-lipophilic-membrane-dye-based-labelling-of-extracellular-vesicles-by-nano-flow-cytometry
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chen Chen, Niangui Cai, Qian Niu, Ye Tian, Yunyun Hu, Xiaomei Yan
Although lipophilic membrane dyes (LMDs) or probes (LMPs) are widely used to label extracellular vesicles (EVs) for detection and purification, their labelling performance has not been systematically characterized. Through concurrent side scattering and fluorescence detection of single EVs as small as 40 nm in diameter by a laboratory-built nano-flow cytometer (nFCM), present study identified that (1) PKH67 and PKH26 could maximally label ∼60%-80% of EVs isolated from the conditioned cell culture medium (purity of ∼88%) and ∼40%-70% of PFP-EVs (purity of ∼73%); (2) excessive PKH26 could cause damage to the EV structure; (3) di-8-ANEPPS and high concentration of DiI could achieve efficient and uniform labelling of EVs with nearly 100% labelling efficiency for di-8-ANEPPS and 70%-100% for DiI; (4) all the four tested LMDs can aggregate and form micelles that exhibit comparable side scatter and fluorescence intensity with those of labelled EVs and thus hardly be differentiate from each other; (5) as the LMD concentration went up, the particle number of self-aggregates increased while the fluorescence intensity of aggregates remained constant; (6) PKH67 and PKH26 tend to form more aggregated micelles than di-8-ANEPPS and DiI, and the effect of LMD self-aggregation can be negligible at optimal staining conditions...
August 2023: Journal of Extracellular Vesicles
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37517914/composition-and-distribution-of-lipoproteins-after-evolocumab-in-familial-dysbetalipoproteinemia-a-randomized-controlled-trial
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Britt E Heidemann, A David Marais, Monique T Mulder, Frank L J Visseren, Jeanine E Roeters van Lennep, Erik S G Stroes, Niels P Riksen, Leonie C van Vark-van der Zee, Dee M Blackhurst, Charlotte Koopal
BACKGROUND: PCSK9 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) reduce fasting and post fat load cholesterol in non-HDL and IDL in familial dysbetalipoproteinemia (FD). However, the effect of PCSK9 mAbs on the distribution and composition of atherogenic lipoproteins in patients with FD is unknown. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of the PCSK9 mAb evolocumab added to standard lipid-lowering therapy in patients with FD on fasting and post fat load lipoprotein distribution and composition...
July 22, 2023: Journal of Clinical Lipidology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37517561/apolipoprotein-b-compared-with-low-density-lipoprotein-cholesterol-in-the-atherosclerotic-cardiovascular-diseases-risk-assessment
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Federica Galimberti, Manuela Casula, Elena Olmastroni
The subendothelial retention of apolipoprotein B (apoB)-containing lipoproteins is a critical step in the initiation of pro-atherosclerotic processes. Recent genetic and clinical evidence strongly supports the concept that the lipid content of the particles is secondary to the number of circulating atherogenic particles that are trapped within the arterial lumen. Since each low-density lipoproteins (LDL) particle contains one apoB molecule, as do intermediate density lipoprotein (IDL) and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) particles, apoB level represents the total number of atherogenic lipoproteins, which is independent of particle density, and not affected by the heterogeneity of particle cholesterol content (clinically evaluated by LDL-cholesterol level)...
July 28, 2023: Pharmacological Research: the Official Journal of the Italian Pharmacological Society
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37453889/improvement-of-lipid-and-lipoprotein-profiles-in-children-and-adolescents-with-cystic-fibrosis-on-cftr-modulator-therapy
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tatiana Yuzyuk, Catherine M McDonald, Lauren M Zuromski, Irene De Biase, Lisa Johnson, Nicole Williams, Suzanne Meihls, Fadi Asfour
BACKGROUND: Association of a high-fat diet with increased risks of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes, has prompted evaluation of lipids in people with CF (pwCF). However, most evidence on dyslipidemia was published before CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) modulators became a standard of care. The main goal of this study was to investigate the effect of CFTR modulator therapies on lipid and lipoprotein profiles in children and adolescents with CF. METHODS: Blood samples were collected from 153 pwCF (10...
July 13, 2023: Journal of Cystic Fibrosis: Official Journal of the European Cystic Fibrosis Society
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37452525/lipoprotein-a-a-genetically-determined-risk-factor-for-cardiovascular-disease
#19
REVIEW
Santica M Marcovina
Lipoprotein(a) is a complex lipoprotein with unique characteristics distinguishing it from all the other apolipoprotein B-containing lipoprotein particles. Its lipid composition and the presence of a single molecule of apolipoprotein B per particle, render lipoprotein(a) similar to low-density lipoproteins. However, the presence of a unique, carbohydrate-rich protein termed apolipoprotein(a), linked by a covalent bond to apolipoprotein B imparts unique characteristics to lipoprotein(a) distinguishing it from all the other lipoproteins...
July 14, 2023: Critical Reviews in Clinical Laboratory Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37379795/the-counterbalance-of-endothelial-glycocalyx-and-high-wall-shear-stress-to-low-density-lipoprotein-concentration-polarization-in-mouse-ear-skin-arterioles
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zhilan Deng, Kaixin Sun, Dongyu Sha, Yinuo Zhang, Jiaxin Guo, Guiqin Yan, Weichen Zhang, Ming Liu, Xiaoyan Deng, Hongyan Kang, Anqiang Sun
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Atherosclerosis preferentially occurs at regions in arterial branching, curvature, and stenosis, which may be explained by the geometric predilection of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) concentration polarization that has been investigated in major arteries in previous studies. Whether this also happens in arterioles remains unknown. METHODS: Herein, a radially non-uniform distribution of LDL particles and a heterogeneous endothelial glycocalyx layer in the mouse ear arterioles, as shown by fluorescein isothiocyanate labeled wheat germ agglutinin (WGA-FITC), were successfully observed by a non-invasive two-photon laser-scanning microscopy (TPLSM) technique...
July 2023: Atherosclerosis
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