keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/31215418/multiple-independent-l-gulonolactone-oxidase-gulo-gene-losses-and-vitamin-c-synthesis-reacquisition-events-in-non-deuterostomian-animal-species
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sílvia F Henriques, Pedro Duque, Hugo López-Fernández, Noé Vázquez, Florentino Fdez-Riverola, Miguel Reboiro-Jato, Cristina P Vieira, Jorge Vieira
BACKGROUND: L-ascorbate (Vitamin C) is an important antioxidant and co-factor in eukaryotic cells, and in mammals it is indispensable for brain development and cognitive function. Vertebrates usually become L-ascorbate auxothrophs when the last enzyme of the synthetic pathway, an L-gulonolactone oxidase (GULO), is lost. Since Protostomes were until recently thought not to have a GULO gene, they were considered to be auxothrophs for Vitamin C. RESULTS: By performing phylogenetic analyses with tens of non-Bilateria and Protostomian genomes, it is shown, that a GULO gene is present in the non-Bilateria Placozoa, Myxozoa (here reported for the first time) and Anthozoa groups, and in Protostomians, in the Araneae family, the Gastropoda class, the Acari subclass (here reported for the first time), and the Priapulida, Annelida (here reported for the first time) and Brachiopoda phyla lineages...
June 18, 2019: BMC Evolutionary Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/30995804/phosphoproteomic-analysis-of-two-contrasting-maize-inbred-lines-provides-insights-into-the-mechanism-of-salt-stress-tolerance
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xiaoyun Zhao, Xue Bai, Caifu Jiang, Zhen Li
Salinity is a major abiotic stress that limits maize yield and quality throughout the world. We investigated phosphoproteomics differences between a salt-tolerant inbred line (Zheng58) and a salt-sensitive inbred line (Chang7-2) in response to short-term salt stress using label-free quantitation. A total of 9448 unique phosphorylation sites from 4116 phosphoproteins in roots and shoots of Zheng58 and Chang7-2 were identified. A total of 209 and 243 differentially regulated phosphoproteins (DRPPs) in response to NaCl treatment were detected in roots and shoots, respectively...
April 16, 2019: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/30425480/artificially-controlled-degradable-nanoparticles-for-contrast-switch-mri-and-programmed-cancer-therapy
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tianyang Yun, Yuxin Liu, Shaoqiong Yi, Qi Jia, Yang Liu, Jing Zhou
Background: Utilizing the permeability enhancement and irreversible biomolecule denaturation caused by hyperthermia, photothermal-chemo synergistic therapy has shown great potential in clinical cancer treatment. Purpose: The objective of this study was to provide a novel controlled drug release method to improve the efficiency of photothermal-chemo synergistic therapy. Patients and methods: HCT116 tumor-bearing mice were selected as modal for the study of cancer theranostics efficiency...
2018: International Journal of Nanomedicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/30400061/species-specific-mechanisms-of-tumor-suppression-trouble-in-paradigm
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jonathan Wesley Nyce
A here-to-fore unknown tumor suppression mechanism reached its greatest expression in humans, having evolved to protect during the twenty-five-year lifespan of primitive humans. It depends upon high levels of circulating DHEAS and its importation into cells that have experienced inactivation of TP53, whereupon DHEAS is desulfated to DHEA, an uncompetitive inhibitor of Glucose-6-phosphate Dehydrogenase (G6PD). Uncompetitive inhibition of G6PD becomes irreversible in the presence of high levels of inhibitor and substrate (G6P)...
October 1, 2018: Endocrine-related Cancer
https://read.qxmd.com/read/30305897/ascorbic-acid-synthesis-and-transportation-capacity-in-old-laying-hens-and-the-effects-of-dietary-supplementation-with-ascorbic-acid
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Liping Gan, Hao Fan, Wei Nie, Yuming Guo
Background: Laying hens over 75 weeks of age commonly show great declines in immunity and production performance. It is unclear whether these declines can be relieved by supplementing with ascorbic acid (AA) in feed. Two trials were conducted to investigate the synthesis and metabolism of AA in layers of different ages and the effects of dietary supplemental AA on the performance and the immune and antioxidant statuses of 78 weeks old hens. Methods: In Exp. 1, equal numbers (24 hens) of 35 weeks old (Young) and 75 weeks old (Old) layers were fed the same diet without AA supplementation for 4 weeks...
2018: Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/30154726/investigation-of-the-lipid-lowering-effect-of-vitamin-c-through-gsk-3%C3%AE-%C3%AE-catenin-signaling-in-zebrafish
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dongwu Liu, Hairui Yu, Qiuxiang Pang, Xiuzhen Zhang
Vitamin C (VC) is an essential nutrient for most fish species because of the absence of L-gulonolactone oxidase in the bodies of fish. VC plays a significant role in maintaining the physiological functions and in improving the growth performance, immunity, and survival of fish. In this study, zebrafish ( Danio rerio ) were treated with 8.2, 509.6, and 1007.5 mg/kg VC diets for 2 weeks, and the muscle samples were collected for gene expression analysis and biochemical index analysis. The results indicated that 509...
2018: Frontiers in Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/30149025/metabolomics-analysis-reveals-that-elevated-atmospheric-co-2-alleviates-drought-stress-in-cucumber-seedling-leaves
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Man Li, Yiman Li, Wendong Zhang, Shuhao Li, Yong Gao, Xizhen Ai, Dalong Zhang, Binbin Liu, Qingming Li
Elevated atmospheric CO2 alleviates moderate to severe drought stresses at physiological level in cucumber. To investigate the underlying metabolic mechanisms, cucumber seedlings were treated with two [CO2 ] and three water treatments combinations, and their leaves were analyzed using a non-targeted metabolomics approach. The results showed that elevated [CO2 ] changed 79 differential metabolites which were mainly associated with alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism; arginine and proline metabolism; TCA cycle; and glycerophospholipid metabolism under moderate drought stress...
October 15, 2018: Analytical Biochemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/30105046/characterization-of-a-l-gulono-1-4-lactone-oxidase-like-protein-in-the-floral-nectar-of-mucuna-sempervirens-fabaceae
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hong-Xia Zhou, Richard I Milne, Xue-Long Ma, Yue-Qin Song, Jian-Yu Fang, Hang Sun, Hong-Guang Zha
Floral nectar plays important roles in the interaction between animal-pollinated plants and pollinators. Its components include water, sugars, amino acids, vitamins, and proteins. Growing empirical evidence shows that most of the proteins secreted in nectar (nectarines) are enzymes that can tailor nectar chemistry for their animal mutualists or reduce the growth of microorganisms in nectar. However, to date, the function of many nectarines remains unknown, and very few plant species have had their nectar proteome thoroughly investigated...
2018: Frontiers in Plant Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/29850465/evolution-of-substrate-specificity-in-the-nucleobase-ascorbate-transporter-nat-protein-family
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anezia Kourkoulou, Alexandros A Pittis, George Diallinas
L-ascorbic acid (vitamin C) is an essential metabolite in animals and plants due to its role as an enzyme co-factor and antioxidant activity. In most eukaryotic organisms, L-ascorbate is biosynthesized enzymatically, but in several major groups, including the primate suborder Haplorhini, this ability is lost due to gene truncations in the gene coding for L-gulonolactone oxidase. Specific ascorbate transporters (SVCTs) have been characterized only in mammals and shown to be essential for life. These belong to an extensively studied transporter family, called Nucleobase-Ascorbate Transporters (NAT)...
March 22, 2018: Microbial Cell
https://read.qxmd.com/read/29625084/vitamin-c-deficiency-aggravates-tumor-necrosis-factor-%C3%AE-induced-insulin-resistance
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zhou Qing, Wu Xiao-Hui, Wu Xi-Mei, Zou Chao-Chun
Chronic low-grade inflammation plays a major role in the development of insulin resistance. The potential role and underlying mechanism of vitamin C, an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent, was investigated in tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-induced insulin resistance. Gulonolactone oxidase knockout (Gulo-/- ) mice genetically unable to synthesize vitamin C were used to induce insulin resistance by continuously pumping small doses of TNF-α for seven days, and human liver hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HepG2 cells) were used to induce insulin resistance by treatment with TNF-α...
June 15, 2018: European Journal of Pharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/29567393/ascorbic-acid-metabolism-and-functions-a-comparison-of-plants-and-mammals
#31
REVIEW
Nicholas Smirnoff
Ascorbic acid is synthesised by eukaryotes, the known exceptions being primates and some other animal groups which have lost functional gulonolactone oxidase. Prokaryotes do not synthesise ascorbate and do not need an ascorbate supply, so the functions that are essential for mammals and plants are not required or are substituted by other compounds. The ability of ascorbate to donate electrons enables it to act as a free radical scavenger and to reduce higher oxidation states of iron to Fe2+ . These reactions are the basis of its biological activity along with the relative stability of the resulting resonance stabilised monodehydroascorbate radical...
July 2018: Free Radical Biology & Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/29452565/serum-vitamin-c-levels-modulate-the-lifespan-and-endoplasmic-reticulum-stress-response-pathways-in-mice-synthesizing-a-nonfunctional-mutant-wrn-protein
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lucie Aumailley, Marie Julie Dubois, Tracy A Brennan, Chantal Garand, Eric R Paquet, Robert J Pignolo, André Marette, Michel Lebel
Werner syndrome (WS) is a premature aging disorder caused by mutations in a RecQ-family DNA helicase (WRN). Mice lacking part of the helicase domain of the WRN ortholog exhibit several phenotypic features of WS. In this study, we generated a Wrn mutant line that, like humans, relies entirely on dietary sources of vitamin C (ascorbate) to survive, by crossing them to mice that lack the gulonolactone oxidase enzyme required for ascorbate synthesis. In the presence of 0.01% ascorbate (w/v) in drinking water, double-mutant mice exhibited a severe reduction in lifespan, small size, sterility, osteopenia, and metabolic profiles different from wild-type (WT) mice...
July 2018: FASEB Journal: Official Publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/29208176/analysis-of-potential-interactions-between-vitamins-d-and-c-using-gene-expression-profiles-from-mouse-models
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yan Jiao, Mingming Niu, Cheng Tian, Jian Yan, Aron W Vancil, Xuenan Yan, Ming Zhang
Vitamin D (VD) and vitamin C (VC) have been recognized as essential elements for human health.  Animal models, especially mouse models, have been widely used in the study of VD and VC. This study is to investigate how VD and VC interact at molecular level using whole genome expression profiles from spleens of 111 mouse strains and livers from 40 mouse strains. We first identified the genes that are closely correlated to vitamin D receptor (Vdr) and gulonolactone oxidase (Lgo). We next analyzed the potential molecular pathways of Vdrand Lgo correlated genes and examined how these two sets of pathways are connected in liver and spleen...
November 30, 2017: Cellular and Molecular Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/28652077/vitamin-c-deficiency-exacerbates-diabetic-glomerular-injury-through-activation-of-transforming-growth-factor-%C3%AE-signaling
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xing Ji, Xinhua Hu, Chaochun Zou, Hongfeng Ruan, Xueying Fan, Chao Tang, Wei Shi, Liu Mei, Haibin Zhu, Musaddique Hussain, Linghui Zeng, Xiaodong Zhang, Ximei Wu
BACKGROUND: The hyperglycemia and hyperoxidation that characterize diabetes lead to reduced vitamin C (VC) in diabetic humans and experimentally diabetic animals. Herein, we access the effects of VC deficiency on the diabetic kidney injury and explore the underlying mechanism. METHODS: l-gulonolactone oxidase conventional knockout (Gulo-/- ) mice genetically unable to synthesize VC were subjected to streptozotocin-induced diabetic kidney injury and the role of VC deficiency was evaluated by biochemical and histological approaches...
September 2017: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta
https://read.qxmd.com/read/28527047/dietary-ascorbic-acid-reduced-micronucleus-and-nuclear-abnormalities-in-clarias-gariepinus-burchell-1822-exposed-to-hospital-effluent
#35
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Chibuisi G Alimba, Raphael D Ajiboye, Olakunle S Fagbenro
Hospital effluents contain myriad of mutagens and genotoxins capable of increasing DNA damage in aquatic biota. African mudfish, Clarias gariepinus, are exposed to genotoxins when cultured in swamps and derelict water bodies often contaminated by effluents. Moreover, its DNA is susceptible to xenobiotic-induced lesions since it lacks L-gulonolactone oxidase and hence cannot synthesize L-ascorbic acid. This study investigated 96-h acute toxicity and protective effects of dietary ascorbic acid (AA) against micronucleus (MN) and abnormal nuclear (NAs) formation in C...
October 2017: Fish Physiology and Biochemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/28419867/sustained-blockade-of-ascorbic-acid-transport-associated-with-marked-svct1-loss-in-rat-hepatocytes-containing-increased-ascorbic-acid-levels-after-partial-hepatectomy
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mafalda Maldonado, Eveling Inostroza, Eduardo Peña, Natacha Moncada, Lorena Mardones, José Luis Medina, Alejandra Muñoz, Marcell Gatica, Marcelo Villagrán, Elizabeth Escobar, Pamela Mendoza, Francisco J Roa, Mauricio González, Paula Guzmán, Francisco A Gutiérrez-Castro, Karen Sweet, Carola Muñoz-Montesino, Juan Carlos Vera, Coralia I Rivas
The liver has an extraordinary regenerative capacity in response to partial hepatectomy (PHx), which develops with neither tissue inflammation response nor alterations in the whole organism. This process is highly coordinated and it has been associated with changes in glutathione (GSH) metabolism. However, there are no reports indicating ascorbic acid (AA) levels after partial hepatectomy. AA and GSH act integrally as an antioxidant system that protects cells and tissues from oxidative damage and imbalance observed in a variety of diseases that affect the liver...
July 2017: Free Radical Biology & Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/26922388/vitamin-c-modulates-the-metabolic-and-cytokine-profiles-alleviates-hepatic-endoplasmic-reticulum-stress-and-increases-the-life-span-of-gulo-mice
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lucie Aumailley, Alessandra Warren, Chantal Garand, Marie Julie Dubois, Eric R Paquet, David G Le Couteur, André Marette, Victoria C Cogger, Michel Lebel
Suboptimal intake of dietary vitamin C (ascorbate) increases the risk of several chronic diseases but the exact metabolic pathways affected are still unknown. In this study, we examined the metabolic profile of mice lacking the enzyme gulonolactone oxidase (Gulo) required for the biosynthesis of ascorbate. Gulo-/- mice were supplemented with 0%, 0.01%, and 0.4% ascorbate (w/v) in drinking water and serum was collected for metabolite measurements by targeted mass spectrometry. We also quantified 42 serum cytokines and examined the levels of different stress markers in liver...
March 2016: Aging
https://read.qxmd.com/read/26808119/vitamin-c-the-known-and-the-unknown-and-goldilocks
#38
REVIEW
S J Padayatty, M Levine
Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid), the antiscorbutic vitamin, cannot be synthesized by humans and other primates, and has to be obtained from diet. Ascorbic acid is an electron donor and acts as a cofactor for fifteen mammalian enzymes. Two sodium-dependent transporters are specific for ascorbic acid, and its oxidation product dehydroascorbic acid is transported by glucose transporters. Ascorbic acid is differentially accumulated by most tissues and body fluids. Plasma and tissue vitamin C concentrations are dependent on amount consumed, bioavailability, renal excretion, and utilization...
September 2016: Oral Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/26044382/multi-residue-pesticide-analysis-gas-chromatography-tandem-mass-spectrometry-detection-improvement-of-the-quick-easy-cheap-effective-rugged-and-safe-method-for-dried-fruits-and-fat-rich-cereals-benefit-and-limit-of-a-standardized-apple-pur%C3%A3-e-calibration-screening
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Claudia Rasche, Britta Fournes, Uwe Dirks, Karl Speer
Some steps of the QuEChERS method for the analysis of pesticides with GC-MS/MS in cereals and dried fruits were improved or simplified. For the latter, a mixing vessel with stator-rotor-system proved to be advantageous. The extraction procedure of dried fruits is much easier and safer than the Ultra Turrax and results in excellent validation data at a concentration level of 0.01mg/kg (116 of 118 analytes with recoveries in the range of 70-120%, 117 of 118 analytes with RSD <20%). After qualifying problematic lipophilic pesticides in fat-rich cereals (fat content >7%), predominantly organochlorines showed recoveries of <70% in quantification when the standard QuEChERS method with water was used...
July 17, 2015: Journal of Chromatography. A
https://read.qxmd.com/read/25865952/ascorbate-synthesis-in-fishes-a-review
#40
REVIEW
Biyun Ching, Shit F Chew, Yuen K Ip
Biosynthesis of ascorbate is known to occur in liver and/or kidney of some vertebrates; however, a recent study discovered the expression of l-gulono-γ-lactone oxidase, an enzyme essential for ascorbate synthesis, in the brain of the African lungfish, Protopterus annectens. This report provides an up-to-date review on ascorbate synthesis in fishes and the possible future directions of study in view of the discovery of the unusual site of ascorbate biosynthesis.
February 2015: IUBMB Life
keyword
keyword
114105
2
3
Fetch more papers »
Fetching more papers... Fetching...
Remove bar
Read by QxMD icon Read
×

Save your favorite articles in one place with a free QxMD account.

×

Search Tips

Use Boolean operators: AND/OR

diabetic AND foot
diabetes OR diabetic

Exclude a word using the 'minus' sign

Virchow -triad

Use Parentheses

water AND (cup OR glass)

Add an asterisk (*) at end of a word to include word stems

Neuro* will search for Neurology, Neuroscientist, Neurological, and so on

Use quotes to search for an exact phrase

"primary prevention of cancer"
(heart or cardiac or cardio*) AND arrest -"American Heart Association"

We want to hear from doctors like you!

Take a second to answer a survey question.