Topaz

In 2017, highly fatal canine leptospirosis emerged in Sydney, Australia. Based on results of microscopic agglutination testing (MAT), serovar Copenhageni appeared to be the most common causative serovar. Prior to this, no clinical cases had been reported since 1976. In a serosurvey of healthy dogs in Australian shelters in 2004, 2.4% of 431 New South Wales dogs had serological evidence of exposure to Copenhageni, the most prevalent serovar. The aim of this study was to estimate the current prevalence of Leptospira exposure and associated serovars in healthy Sydney dogs, previously unvaccinated against Leptospira...

AIM: The aim of this study is to present the possibilities of nurse education in the use of the Chat Generative Pre-training Transformer (ChatGPT) tool to support the documentation process. BACKGROUND: The success of the nursing process is based on the accuracy of nursing diagnoses, which also determine nursing interventions and nursing outcomes. Educating nurses in the use of artificial intelligence in the nursing process can significantly reduce the time nurses spend on documentation...

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the radiopacity of single-shade composite resins with group and multi-shade composite resins via a digital image analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Disc-shaped (5 mm in diameter, 2 mm in thickness) specimens were prepared with one multi-shade (Estelite Sigma Quick-ESQ), four single-shade (Omnichroma-OC, Charisma Topaz One-CTO, Vitra Unique-VU, and ZenChroma-ZC), three group-shade (G-aenial Achord-GA, Optishade-OS, and Estelite Asteria-EA), and one posterior composite resin (Estelite Posterior-EP) (n = 3)...

Biliary tract cancers are molecularly and anatomically diverse cancers which include intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, extrahepatic (perihilar and distal) cholangiocarcinoma, and gallbladder cancer. While recognized as distinct entities, the rarer incidence of these cancers combined with diagnostic challenges in classifying anatomic origin has resulted in clinical trials and guideline recommended strategies being generalized patients with all types of biliary tract cancer. In this review, we delve into the unique aspects, subtype-specific clinical trial outcomes, and multidisciplinary management of patients with extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma...

OBJECTIVES: To summarise contemporary knowledge in nursing informatics related to education, practice, governance and research in advancing One Health. METHODS: This descriptive study combined a theoretical and an empirical approach. Published literature on recent advancements and areas of interest in nursing informatics was explored. In addition, empirical data from International Medical Informatics Association (IMIA) Nursing Informatics (NI) society reports were extracted and categorised into key areas regarding needs, established activities, issues under development and items not current...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the representation of environmental concepts associated with health impacts in standardized clinical terminologies. METHODS: This study used a descriptive approach with methods informed by a procedural framework for standardized clinical terminology mapping. The United Nations Global Indicator Framework for the Sustainable Development Goals and Targets was used as the source document for concept extraction. The target terminologies were the Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine Clinical Terms (SNOMED CT) and the International Classification for Nursing Practice (ICNP)...

INTRODUCTION: Stigma and bias related to race and other minoritized statuses may underlie disparities in pregnancy and birth outcomes. One emerging method to identify bias is the study of stigmatizing language in the electronic health record. The objective of our study was to develop automated natural language processing (NLP) methods to identify two types of stigmatizing language: marginalizing language and its complement, power/privilege language, accurately and automatically in labor and birth notes...

PURPOSE: Oral mucositis (OM) is a common complication in haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Polaprezinc, an anti-ulcer drug, has been shown to be effective to prevent OM in several studies when administered topically and systemically. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of topical polaprezinc in patients undergoing HSCT. METHODS: This was an open-label randomised clinical trial comparing polaprezinc and sodium bicarbonate mouthwashes for the prevention of severe OM in HSCT patients...

The aim of this study was to assess the percentage degree of cure (DC%) of 2-mm-thick resin composite attachments used for aligner treatment. Three types of aligner - two thermoformed aligners (Clear Aligner [CLA], polyethylene terephthalate glycol modified; and Invisalign [INV], polyester urethane) and a three-dimensional-printed aligner (Graphy TC-85DAC [GRP], an acrylate-methacrylate copolymer) - were selected, along with two universal resin composites (3M Filtek Universal [FTU] and Charisma Topaz ONE [CTO])...

Inborn error of metabolism disorders (IEMs) are a family of diseases resulting from single-gene mutations that lead to the accumulation of metabolites that are usually toxic or interfere with normal cell function. The etiological link between metabolic alteration and the symptoms of IEMs is still elusive. Several metabolites, which accumulate in IEMs, were shown to self-assemble to form ordered structures. These structures display the same biophysical, biochemical, and biological characteristics as proteinaceous amyloid fibrils...

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Metagenomics is a powerful method for interpreting the ecological roles and physiological capabilities of mixed microbial communities. Yet, many tools for processing metagenomic data are neither designed to consider eukaryotes nor are they built for an increasing amount of sequence data. EukHeist is an automated pipeline to retrieve eukaryotic and prokaryotic metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) from large-scale metagenomic sequence data sets. We developed the EukHeist workflow to specifically process large amounts of both metagenomic and/or metatranscriptomic sequence data in an automated and reproducible fashion...

Durvalumab (Imfinzi® ), a therapeutic human monoclonal antibody which binds to and blocks the activity of the immunosuppressive programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) protein, is approved in the USA, EU, Japan and other countries in combination with gemcitabine and cisplatin for adults with advanced biliary tract cancer. In the pivotal phase 3 TOPAZ-1 trial, durvalumab plus gemcitabine and cisplatin significantly prolonged overall survival and progression-free survival compared with placebo plus gemcitabine and cisplatin in adults with advanced biliary tract cancer...

INTRODUCTION: Little is known on the potential racial differences in latent subgroup membership based on mental health and cognitive symptomatology among older adults. METHODS: This is a secondary data analysis of Wave 2 data from the National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project ( N = 1819). Symptoms were depression, anxiety, loneliness, happiness, and cognition. Multiple-group latent class analysis was conducted to identify latent subgroups based on mental health and cognitive symptoms and to compare these differences between race...

Cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) has revolutionized the field of structural biology by enabling the precise determination of large protein structures. Picking protein particles in cryo-EM micrographs (images) is a crucial step in the cryo-EM-based structure determination. However, existing methods trained on a limited amount of cryo-EM data still cannot accurately pick protein particles from complex, noisy, and heterogenous cryo-EM images. The general foundational artificial intelligence (AI)-based image segmentation model such as the Segment Anything Model (SAM) trained on huge amounts of general image data cannot segment protein particles well because their training data do not include cryo-EM images...

BACKGROUND: In the United States, over 12 000 home healthcare agencies annually serve 6+ million patients, mostly aged 65+ years with chronic conditions. One in three of these patients end up visiting emergency department (ED) or being hospitalized. Existing risk identification models based on electronic health record (EHR) data have suboptimal performance in detecting these high-risk patients. OBJECTIVES: To measure the added value of integrating audio-recorded home healthcare patient-nurse verbal communication into a risk identification model built on home healthcare EHR data and clinical notes...

OBJECTIVES: To determine the scope of the application of natural language processing to free-text clinical notes in post-acute care and provide a foundation for future natural language processing-based research in these settings. DESIGN: Scoping review; reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: Post-acute care (ie, home health care, long-term care, skilled nursing facilities, and inpatient rehabilitation facilities)...

Radiopacities of dental materials used in restorations are very important in making the radiographic diagnosis. Therefore, the aim of our study was to evaluate the radiopacity of five single-shade and six simplishade resin composites with digital technique. Five different single-shade (Charisma Topaz One, Omnichroma, Clearfil Majesty ES-2 Universal, Vittra APS Unique, ZenChroma) and six different simplishade resin composites (G-aenial A'CHORD, Essentia Universal, OptiShade, Estelite Asteria, Filtek Universal, Filtek Z250) were used...

WHAT IS THIS SUMMARY ABOUT?: This is a summary describing the results of a Phase III study called TOPAZ-1. The study looked at treatment with durvalumab (a type of immunotherapy) and chemotherapy to treat participants with advanced biliary tract cancer (BTC). Advanced BTC is usually diagnosed at late stages of disease, when it cannot be cured by surgery. This study included participants with advanced BTC who had not received previous treatment, or had their cancer come back at least 6 months after receiving treatment or surgery that aimed to cure their disease...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Alemtuzumab demonstrated superior efficacy versus subcutaneous interferon (IFN) beta-1a in participants with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis in the 2-year CARE-MS I and II trials. Efficacy was maintained in the 4-year CARE-MS extension, during which alemtuzumab-treated participants ('alemtuzumab-only') could receive additional courses upon disease activity, and IFN-treated participants switched to alemtuzumab ('IFN-alemtuzumab'). Participants who completed the CARE-MS extension could enroll in the open-label TOPAZ study which assessed safety and efficacy for 5-7 years (11-13 years after alemtuzumab/IFN initiation)...